过去进行时表示某一行为的“片段”,一般过去时表示行为的“整体”和存在的状态,所以判断用哪个时态,要结合句意来判断行为的完成度。有的时候可以试着逆向去思考,常常能让理解事半功倍。所谓的逆向思考就是:用其他的时态来完成句子,然后坚持是否有动作先后顺序的矛盾,或与现实逻辑的矛盾。 一、用括号中词的一般过去时或过去进行时来完成下面的句子 1. I _____ (watch) a mystery movie on TV when the electricity went out. Now I am never going to find out how the movie ends.2. Sharon _____ (be) in the room when John told me what happened, but she didn't hear anything because she _____ (listen, not).3. It's strange that you _____ (call) because I _____ (think, just) about you.4. The Titanic _____ (cross) the Atlantic when it _____ (strike) an iceberg.5. When I entered the bazaar, a couple of merchants _____ (bargain, busily) and _____(try) to sell their goods to naive tourists who _____ (hunt) for souvenirs. Some young boys _____ (lead) their donkeys through the narrow streets on their way home. A couple of men _____ (argue) over the price of a leather belt. I _____ (walk) over to a man who _____ (sell) fruit and _____(buy) a banana.6. The firemen _____ (rescue) the old woman who _____ (be) trapped on the third floor of the burning building.7. She was so annoying! She _____(leave, always) her dirty dishes in the sink. I thought she _____ (expect, actually) me to do them for her.8. Samantha _____ (live) in Berlin for more than two years. In fact, she _____ (live) there when the Berlin Wall came down.二、答案、参考翻译及解析1. was watching我正在电视上看一部神秘电影,突然停电了。现在我再也找不到电影的结局了。解析:when 引导的时间状语从句,表示发生在过去的某个时间点(突然停电时),所以主句用过去进行时。2. was, wasn't listening 当约翰告诉我发生了什么事时,莎伦在房间里,但她什么也没听到,因为她没在听。解析:in the room 表示主语的状态,不表示主语的行为,所以用 was;后面的 listen 是接前面的动作,从句意判断,什么都听不见的原因是当时没有在听,所以用 wasn't listen.3. called, was just thinking 奇怪的是你打电话来是因为我正在想你。解析:从 strange 判断,前面用一般过去时 called,因为若是 calling 的话,那么在电话通之前,对方是不会觉得奇怪的;同样,后面用进行时 was just thinking,用一般过去时,就不会显得奇怪了,因为电话通了之后(called),我刚好在想你;副词通常放在实义动词之前,情态动词和第一助动词之后或 be 动词之后。4. was crossing, struck泰坦尼克号在横渡大西洋时撞上了冰山。解析:when 引导的时间状语从句,表示发生在过去的某个时间点(横渡大西洋时),所以主句用过去进行时;strike 译为“撞,碰”时,属于短暂性动词,没有进行时,所以用一般过去时。5. were busily bargaining, trying, were hunting, were leading, were arguing, was selling, bought当我进入集市时,有几个商人正忙着讨价还价,试图把他们的商品卖给正在寻找纪念品的天真游客。一些小男孩在回家的路上牵着驴子穿过狭窄的街道。有几个男人在争论皮带的价格。我走到一个卖水果的人跟前,买了一根香蕉。解析:when 引导的时间状语从句,表示发生在过去的某个时间点(进入集市时),所以主句的动作用过去进行时 were busily bargaining, trying,were leading, were arguing;hunt 和 sell 都用进行时,表示主语正在进行的动作;walk 是发生在 entered 之后的一个新动作,所以用 walked,因为 entered the bizaar 与 walking 不可能同时发生,只能是先后发生;buy 是发生在 walked 之后的一个新动作,同理 walked over to 与 buying 不可能同时发生,只能是先后发生。6. rescued, was消防队员救出了被困在着火大楼三楼的老妇人。解析:前面用一般过去时 rescued,因为没有动作发生的一个时间段或时间点;trapped on the third floor 表示主语的状态,不用进行时,所以用 was.7. always left, actually expected她真烦人!她总是把脏盘子放在水槽里。我想她真的希望我帮她做。解析:从频度副词 always 可以看出,表示经常或反复的动作,所以用一般过去时;后面虽然没有表示过去确定时间的状语,但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话(在说话之前,我觉得她希望我帮她做,但实际上她没有这样希望)。8. lived, was living萨曼莎在柏林住了两年多。事实上,柏林墙倒塌时她就住在那里。解析:前面用一般过去时 lived,因为没有动作发生的一个时间段或时间点;后面用过去进行时,因为有动作发生的时间点(柏林墙倒塌时)。