推理| Every induction is a speculation / 开普饭

Friday

Four friends live in a small town. Their names are John, Miller, Smith and Carter. They all have different jobs. One is a policeman, one is a cook, one is a farmer, and the last one is a doctor.

It's Tuesday afternoon, John's son breaks his leg and John takes him to the doctor. The doctor's sister is Smith's wife. The farmer isn't married. He has a lot of hens.

Miller often buys eggs from the farmer. The policeman sees Smith and Miller every day for they are neighbours.

Now who is the policeman? Who is the cook? Who is the farmer? Who is the doctor?

1. John is a _______.

A. doctor B. farmer C. policeman D. cook

2. Miller is a _______.

A. doctor B. policeman C. cook D. farmer

3. Smith is a _______.

A. farmer B. policeman C. cook D. doctor

4. Carter is a _______.

A. doctor B. policeman C. cook D. farmer

答案与解析

这是一篇推理性文章，要求根据所给出提示，猜出各自的职业。以上4题答案分别为C、A、C、D。有一定难度，且需要一定的推理。

四个朋友住在一个小镇里。他们的名字分别是John、Miller、Smith和Carter。他们工作不同。其中有一人是警察，一人是厨师，一人是农民，一人是医生。星期二下午，John的儿子摔断了腿，John送他去看医生。那医生的姐妹是Smith的妻子，已知农民未婚，他养了很多母鸡。Miller经常从农民那里买鸡蛋。警察每天都能见到Smith和Miller因为他们是邻居.

问题来了，谁是警察？谁是厨师？谁是农民？谁是医生?

1.因为John 的儿子腿摔断了要去看医生，故可推知John不是doctor。

2.因为医生的妹妹是Smith的妻子，故Smith不是doctor（否则兄妹结婚，不合情理）。

3.由于farmer没有结婚，所以Smith和John都不是farmer（因为Smith有妻子，John有儿子）。

4.因为警察每天看到Smith，所以Smith不是policeman。

5.由以上分析可知，Smith不是doctor，也不是farmer，也不是policeman，所以只能是cook。

6.由于Miller常从farmer处买鸡蛋，所以Miller不是farmer。

7.由以上分析可知，John、Miller和Smith都不是farmer，所以Carter 一定是farmer。

8.由于警察每天除看到Smith外，还看到Miller，所以Miller不是警察。既然他不是警察，而且前面已分析出Smith是cook，Carter 是farmer，所以Miller 一定是doctor。

9.最后剩下的John便是policeman。

拓展

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