Angela Lee Duckworth（李惠安）TED演讲《成功的要诀是什么？》英文原文
几个月前在新浪微博上看到的一个讲关于“成功的要诀”的TED(Technology, Entertainment, Design)(Ideas Worth Spreading)视频，是由美籍华裔Angela Lee Duckworth（李惠安）演讲，视频不到6分钟，且又只有中文字幕，非常适合用来做听力练习。
我先把维基百科上有关演讲者的介绍摘抄过来：
安杰拉·李·达克沃斯（英语：Angela Lee Duckworth，1970年－），汉名李惠安，生于美国，心理学者，现任教于宾州大学心理学系。其母亲为台湾人，毕业于国立师范大学，移民美国。
达克沃斯于1992年于哈佛大学取得神经生物学文学士。取得马歇尔奖学金，进入牛津大学，攻读神经科学，1996年获理学硕士。在毕业后，先进入麦肯锡公司工作，后转至公立学校，担任数学教师。32岁时决定往学术界发展，2006年于宾州大学取得心理学博士。2013年获得麦克阿瑟奖。
演讲视频：
Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance
听写英文原文：
When I was 27 years old, I left a very demanding job in management consulting for a job that was even more demanding - teaching. I went to teach 7 graders math in the New York City Public Schools. And like any teacher, I made quizzes and tests and gave out homework assignments. When their work came back, I calculated grades. What's struck me was that IQ was not the only difference between my best and my worst students.
Some of my strongest performancers did not have stratosphere of IQ scores. Some of my smartest kids were doing so off?? And that got me thinking. Kinds of things you need to learn in 7-grade math, sure they're hard. Ratios, decimals, the area of parallelogram. But these concepts are not impossible. And I was firmly convinced that everyone of my students could learn the material if they work hard long enough. After several more years of teaching, I came to the conclusion that what we need in eduction is much better understanding of students and learning from motivational perspective, from psychological perspective.
In education, the one thing we know how to measure best is IQ. But what if doing well at school and life depends on much more their own ability to learn quickly and easily. So I left classroom and went to graduate school to become a psychologist. I started studying kids and adults in all kinds of super challenge settings. And in every study my question was who is successful here and why? My research team and I went to West Point Military Academy. We tried to predict which candidates would stay in military training and which would drop out. We went to the National Spelling Bee and tried to predict which children would advance far in this competition. We studied rookie teachers working in really tough neighborhoods, asking which teachers are still gonna be here in teaching by the end of school year. And of those, who'd be the most effective at improving learning outcomes for the students. We partnered with private companies asking which of these sales people are gonna keep their jobs and who's gonna earn the most money.
In all those very different contexts, one characteristic emerged as significant predictor of success. And it wasn't socal talents, wasn't good looks, physical health, and wasn't IQ. It was grit. Grit is passion and perseverance for very long term goals. Grit is having stamina. Grit is sticking with your future. Day in day out, not just for the week, not just for the month, but for years. And working really hard to make that future a reality. Grit is living a life like it's a marathon, not a sprint.
A few years ago, I started studying grit in Chicago public schools. I asked thousands of high school juniors to take grit questionaires and then waited around more than a year to see who would graduate. It turns out that the grittier kids were significantly more likely to graduate. Even when I matched them on every characteristic I could measure, things like family income, standardized achievement test scores, even how safe kids feel when they were in school. So that's not just West Point and National Spelling Bee that grit matters, it's also in school, especially for kids at risk of dropping out.
To me, the most shocking thing about grit is how little we know, how little science knows about building it, everyday parents and teachers ask me how do I build gritty kids, what I do to teach kids solid work ethic, how to keep them motivated for the long run? The honest answer is 'I don't know'. What I do know is that talent doesn't make you gritty.
Our data show very clearly that there are many talented individuals who simply do not follow through on their commitments. In fact, our data, grit is usually unrelated or even in reversely related to measures of talent.
So far, the best idea I've heard about building gritty kids is something called 'growth mindset'. This is an idea developed in Stanford University by Carol Dweck. And it is the belief that the ability to learn is not fixed, that it can change with your effort. Dr. Dweck showed when kids read and learn about the brain and how it changes and grows in response to challenge. They're much more likely to persevere when they fail because they don't believe that the failure is a permanent condition. So growth mindset is a great idea for building grit. But we need more, and that's why I'm gonna end my remarks because that's where we are. That's the world that stands before us. We need to take our best ideas, our strongest intuitions and we need to test them. We need to measure whether we've been successful and we have to be willing to fail, to be wrong, to start over again with lessons learned. In another words, we need to be gritty about getting our kids grittier. Thank you.
（加粗的地方是我反复听才听出来的
；加粗打问号的地方是不确定是否听写正确的，如果有高手知道，请留言，感谢
）
不做过多讲解，大家有空也可练习一下，喜欢美式发音的同学甚至还可背诵下来。