李飞飞:从洗衣妹到顶尖科学家 ｜ 文化外刊 ｜ 精读
李飞飞：从洗衣妹到顶尖科学家
Fei-Fei Li, the internationally-celebrated scientist, has always been a champion of the positive power of artificial intelligence (A.I.). Born in Chengdu, China, Li's family followed her father to live in the U.S. when she was 16, and settled in New Jersey. Li's family went to the U.S. without much financial resources. “ So, the value of hard working, the value of staying strong as a family and love is the kind of support we have for each other, carried us through," she said.
Li went on to study at Stanford and Caltech, and just like the famous 20th century physicists before her, Li loved to look "beyond the world of atoms" and ask questions about life.Although Li is clear that intelligence and values can be instilled in a machine, she stresses that this is only possible due to the human behind it.Li said she was the only woman in her faculty for a long time and although she says there has been an increase in the number of women majoring in computer science at Stanford, there is still a long way to go.
"Now we have a new generation of women professors. But this is far from enough," she said."This field has a severe lack of women and underrepresented minority and this will impact the technology.You look at all the face-recognition controversy,you'll see that from the training data, all the way to the kind of products that we create using a biased data, we have issues and we need to solve this problem at some point."
"Women, underrepresented, racial minority, low income family students and geographically diverse students.And we re seeing this message spreading.We're seeing their leadership spreading.And I think they're going to become a powerful force in A.I.'s future.Artificial intelligence has been around now for 60 years, but A.I. still has a long road ahead to compete with human ability.
精读笔记
Fei-Fei Li, the internationally-celebrated scientist, has always been a champion of the positive power of artificial intelligence (A.I.). Born in Chengdu, China, Li's family followed her father to live in the U.S. when she was 16, and settled in New Jersey. Li's family went to the U.S. without much financial resources." So, the value of hard working, the value of staying strong as a family and love is the kind of support we have for each other, carried us through," she said.
国际著名科学家李飞飞一直是人工智能积极力量的拥护者。李飞飞出生于中国成都，16岁时， 她的家人跟随父亲到美国生活，并在新泽西定居。李飞飞一家刚到美国时，并没有多少经济来源。她说:“因此，努力工作的价值，家庭团结的价值，以及爱，就是我们对彼此的支持，支撑着我们度过难关。”
【语篇理解】
internationally-celebrated 国际知名
artificial adj.人工的;人造的;假的;人为的;非自然的;虚假的;假装的
派生词：artificiality n. artificially adv.
双语例句
The city is dotted with small lakes, natural and artificial
这个城市小型湖泊星罗棋布，有天然的也有人工的。
A job interview is a very artificial situation.
求职面试是一个非常不自然的场面。
The juice contains no artificial preservatives.
这种果汁不含人工防腐剂。
This food contains no artificial flavourings.
这种食品不含人工调味品。
The treatment does not involve the use of any artificial drugs.
这种治疗不会使用任何人工合成药物。
intelligence n.智力;才智;智慧;(尤指关于敌对国家的)情报;情报人员
词语搭配
n.
human intelligence人类的智力
intelligence agent特工
intelligence expert谍报专家
military intelligence军事情报
adj.
secret intelligence秘密情报
双语例句
This should be clear even to the meanest intelligence.
就是对智力最平庸的人来说，这也应当是非常明了的。
Intelligence cannot be overvalued.
智力是无比重要的。
She seemed to have everything ─ looks, money, intelligence.
她似乎什么都有——美貌、金钱和智慧。He didn't even have the intelligence to call for an ambulance.
他连呼叫救护车的头脑都没有。
The questions were an insult to our intelligence.
那些问题有辱我们的智慧。
同义词辨析
mind brain intelligence wit 【导航词义：智力】
mind n. 头脑，智力
普通用词，指人的思维或感知、想象等能力，无褒贬之意。
He has a sharp mind.
他头脑灵活。
His brilliant mind contributed to his great success.
他非凡的智慧助他取得巨大的成功。
brain n. 智力，智慧，头脑
指能理解思考和快速学习的能力，通常用复数。
If you had any brains, you'd know what to do next.
如果你有点脑子，你就会知道接下来要做什么。
He wanted to find a job that didn't require too much brains.
他想找一份不需要动太多脑筋的工作。
intelligence n. 智力，理解力；聪明
指学习、理解、思维、判断等的能力，也指聪明、聪慧。
an intelligence test智力测验
intelligence quotient（IQ）智商
Did your child show high intelligence from an early age?
你的孩子从小就显示出了很高的智力水平吗？
In his opinion, only a woman who has both beauty and intelligence can be his wife.
在他看来，只有秀外慧中的女子才能成为他的妻子。
wit n. 头脑，机智
指思维敏捷并能作出正确判断的能力，强调机敏，通常用复数。
He needed all his wits to escape from the heavily guarded island.
他需要绞尽脑汁逃离重兵把守的小岛。
The first piece of advice is to keep your wits about you.
第一条建议就是要随机应变。
financial adj.财政的;财务的;金融的;有钱的
派生词：financially adv.
Longevity also pushes back the age of retirement, and not only for financial reasons.长寿导致退休年龄的推迟，这不仅仅是出于财政的原因。
The financial crisis has brought new factors into play.
财政危机已引发了新的变数。
We must make the most efficient use of the available financial resources.
我们必须最有效地利用现有财力。
The problem is not primarily a financial one.
这个问题基本上不是财政问题。
同义词辨析
financial fiscal monetary 【导航词义：金融的，财政的】
financial adj. 财政的，金融的
通常作定语，指与财务或财务管理有关的。
His company is deeply troubled by the financial crisis.
他的公司因金融危机而深陷困境。
New York is one of the world financial centres.
纽约是世界金融中心之一。
fiscal adj. [正式]财政的
指与政府财务、债务、税务等有关的。
The government is now soliciting suggestions for making a sound fiscal policy.
为了制定合理的财政政策，政府正在征求建议。
What is your opinion on the proactive fiscal policy?
你如何看待积极的财政政策？
monetary adj. 货币的，金融的
只作定语，尤指与某一国家的所有货币有关的。
The old monetary system should be reformed.
旧的货币体制应该改革。
Experts firmly believe that the prudent monetary policy will be helpful for economic development.
专家们深信稳健的货币政策将有助于经济发展。
Li went on to study at Stanford and Caltech, and just like the famous 20th century physicists before her, Li loved to look "beyond the world of atoms" and ask questions about life. Although Li is clear that intelligence and values can be instilled in a machine, she stresses that this is only possible due to the human behind it. Li said she was the only woman in her faculty for a long time and although she says there has been an increase in the number of women majoring in computer science at Stanford, there is still a long way to go.
她在斯坦福大学和加州理工学院继续学习，就像在她之前的20世纪著名物理学家一样，李飞飞喜欢“超越原子的世界”，思考关于生命的问题。虽然她很清楚，智力和价值观可以被灌输给机器，但她也强调，这一切只有依靠人才能完成。李飞飞说，在很长一段时间里，她是学院里唯一的女性。尽管斯坦福大学计算机专业的女性人数有所增加，但解决这一性别偏见仍有很长的路要走。
【语篇理解】
instilled v.逐渐灌输，逐步培养(感受、思想或行为)
instil的过去分词和过去式; instill的过去分词和过去式
双语例句
She instilled in the children the virtues of good hard work, and making the best of what you have.
她慢慢给孩子们灌输勤奋工作的品德，教导他们充分利用现有的条件。
She instilled in her students a sense of service.
她为她的学生注入了一种服务精神。
I instilled the need for good manners into all my children.
我给孩子们灌输礼貌的思想。
They had instilled in him a respect for his traditional culture.
他们逐步培养他关心传统文化的习惯。
I updated the curriculum and instilled the students with a love of history.
我调整了教学大纲，慢慢用爱心感化学生。
faculty n.官能;天赋;才能;能力;(高等院校的)系，院
复数：faculties
双语例句
He had a faculty for seeing his own mistakes.
他具有看到自己错误的能力。The Bush Foundation has funded a variety of faculty development programs.
布什基金会已经资助了许多教员发展项目。How can faculty improve their teaching so as to encourage creativity?
教师们如何才能改进教学以激发创造性呢？Faculty members devote most of their time to scholarly research.
全院教师大部分时间都用来从事学术研究。
He was one of the founders of the university's medical faculty.
他是该大学医学院的创建人之一。
同义词辨析
facility faculty potential 【导航词义：才能】
facility n. [正式]天赋，才能
指与生俱来的学习或做某事的能力。
He has an amazing facility for mental arithmetic.
他有惊人的心算能力。
She plays the violin with surprising facility.
她拉小提琴的天赋令人惊讶。
faculty n. [正式]才能，技能
指擅长做某事的才能。
She has a great faculty for adapting new environments.
她适应新环境的能力很强。
He had the faculty of dealing with tough problems.
他有处理棘手问题的能力。
potential n. 潜力，潜能
指虽已具备但尚未发挥出来的能力。
She has the potential to become an interpreter.
她有潜力成为一名口译工作者。
He is a young singer with great potential.
他是一名很有潜力的年轻歌手。
talent aptitude faculty genius gift knack 【导航词义：天赋，能力】
talent n. 天资，才能
指人在某一方面所具有的可发展和培养的突出天赋，语气弱于 genius。
The father found that his son had a musical talent.
父亲发现儿子有音乐天赋。
Do you have a talent for painting?
你有绘画天分吗?
He is a writer of exceptional literary talent.
他是位文采出众的作家。
aptitude n. 天资，资质
指天生的才能，尤指在学习方面的聪颖资质，能迅速掌握某种技能、技巧等，通常后接介词 for。
He has a natural aptitude for writing.
他有写作的天赋。
Edison had a remarkable aptitude for inventing new things.
爱迪生具有发明创造的非凡才能。
The boy skipped the third grade because of his great aptitude in mathematics.
那个小男孩因在数学方面极具天赋而从二年级跳到了四年级。
As a child, he showed an aptitude for the piano.
在孩提时代，他便显露出弹奏钢琴的天赋。
faculty n. [正式]才能，技能
指某种特殊的才能、能力。
George has a faculty for inspiring confidence in people.
乔治具有激发他人信心的能力。
Studying has really sharpened her critical faculties.
学习的确增强了她的判断能力。
genius n. 天才，天赋
语气最强，可指天赋极高者，也可指天赋的特殊才能与智力，强调高智商，含具有独特的创造力之意。
Einstein was a great scientific genius.
爱因斯坦是个伟大的科学天才。
He was a genius in both science and art.
他在科学和艺术两方面都是天才。
He has some share of his father's genius.
他有几分父亲传给他的天赋。
She has a genius for linguistics.
她具有学习语言学的天赋。
gift n. 天赋，才能
指人天生具有的能力或品质，但不一定具有创造力；也可泛指某人在某一方面突出的个人才能。
I've always had a gift for learning languages.
我一向有学习语言的天分。
He seemed to have a gift for pastiche.
他似乎有模仿他人作品的天赋。
knack n. [非正式]本事，技能
指人天生的或后天学来的某种技能或本领。
a knack for remembering faces
记人的本领
He has a knack for making money.
他天生有赚钱的本领。
Till has a knack of saying funny things.
蒂尔有说俏皮话的本事。
She's got the knack of getting people to listen.
她有让人倾听的本领。
"Now we have a new generation of women professors. But this is far from enough," she said." This field has a severe lack of women and underrepresented minority and this will impact the technology. You look at all the face-recognition controversy, you'll see that from the training data, all the way to the kind of products that we create using a biased data, we have issues and we need to solve this problem at some point."
“现在我们有了新一代女教授。但这远远不够。” 她说,“这个领域严重缺乏女性和少数族裔，而这将影响技术发展。看看所有关于人脸识别的争议,你会发现，从训练数据，到我们利用这些有偏见的数据开发的产品，都是有问题的，我们需要在未来解决这些问题。”
【语篇理解】
underrepresented adj.未被充分代表的
双语例句
But there are initiatives in place to try to get more underrepresented students involved in accelerated math.
但也有一些项目可以争取让更多的学生参与高数学习。
( Harvard, for example, boasts a six-year graduation rate for
underrepresented minority groups of 98 percent.)
（例如,哈佛大学宣称，代表性不足的少数族裔六年来的毕业率为98%。）What are Some Good Programs for Students Traditionally Underrepresented in Study Abroad?
对于以往出国留学人数较少的学生群体有哪些合适的项目？
These early content analyses found Blacks to be underrepresented compared to their numbers in the real world.
从这些早期的内容中分析发现，和现实世界中黑人的实际数量相比，电视中的黑人并没有被充分代表。Only a few years ago, women were routinely underrepresented among this elite cohort.
而在几年前，这个精英群体中的女性可谓凤毛麟角。
controversy n.(公开的)争论，辩论，论战
复数：controversies
词语搭配
n.
centre of the controversy争论的焦点
v.
create controversy引起争论
adj.
major controversy主要的争论
political controversy政治争议
prep.
controversy over/surrounding something有关/围绕某事的争论
As a politician he has often courted controversy.
作为政治人物，他常常招致争议。
The new system is the focus of controversy
这个新体制是争议的焦点。
The government is taking care not to rush headlong into another controversy.
政府现在很谨慎，以防不慎陷入另一场争端。
The President resigned amid considerable controversy.
总统在一片争论声中辞职。
The issue engendered controversy.
这个问题引起了争论。
"Women, underrepresented, racial minority, low income family students and geographically diverse students. And we're seeing this message spreading. We're seeing their leadership spreading. And I think they're going to become a powerful force in A.I.'s future. Artificial intelligence has been around now for 60 years, but A.I. still has a long road ahead to compete with human ability.
“(斯坦福大学的学生来自不同背景，他们包括)女性、代表性不足的群体、少数族裔、低收入家庭学生和地域多样化的学生。我们看到这一信息正在传播,他们的领导力正在扩大。我认为他们将成为Al未来的强大力量。人工智能已经存在了60年，但Al在与人类能力竞争方面还有很长的路要走。”李飞飞说。
【语篇理解】
racial adj.种族的;种族间的;人种的
派生词：racially adv.
双语例句
So what other variables could be used if the racial concept is thrown out?
如果摈弃了种族的概念，那么能使用其他什么变量呢?The increase in racial tension constitutes a threat to our society.
种族间紧张状态的升级是对我们社会的一种威胁。Local police are trying to defuse racial tension in the community.
当地的警察竭力缓和这个社区种族间的紧张局面。
They have pledged to end racial discrimination in areas such as employment.
他们已经保证在诸如就业等方面停止种族歧视。
The crowd started throwing bottles and shouting racial slurs.
人群开始扔瓶子，并高声地进行种族污辱。
同义词辨析
national ethnic racial tribal 【导航词义：民族的，种族的】
national adj. 民族的，国家的
指全民族的或全国性的。
The national spirit awoke.
民族精神觉醒了。
Let's stand up and sing the national anthem.
让我们起立，唱国歌。
ethnic adj. 种族的；具有民族特色的
指属于某一种族的，也指能体现民族特色的，如服饰、音乐、食物等。
The school teaches students from different ethnic groups.
该校教授不同种族的学生。
This shop sells a magnificent range of ethnic fabrics.
这家商店出售各式各样具有民族特色的织物。
racial adj. 种族之间的；种族的
多用于形容居住在同一国家或地区的不同种族之间的关系，也指属于某一种族的。
We uphold the principle of racial equality.
我们坚持种族平等的原则。
This report focuses on the racial problems in England.
这份报告关注的是英国的种族问题。
People of different racial origins lived together in that region.
不同种族背景的人曾共同生活在那一地区。
tribal adj. 部落的，部族的
指部落或部落之间的，通常作定语。
The country was torn apart by fierce tribal hostilities.
那个国家被部落间的激烈冲突弄得四分五裂。
Her brother recently died in a tribal war.
她的兄弟最近死于部落战争。
词语搭配
n.
racial differences种族差异
racial discrimination种族歧视
racial diversity种族多样性
racial equality种族平等
racial groups种族团体
racial minorities少数种族
racial prejudice种族偏见
racial tensions种族紧张关系
diverse adj.不同的;相异的;多种多样的;形形色色的
双语例句
My interests are very diverse.
我的兴趣非常广泛。
Society is now much more diverse than ever before.
当今社会较之以往任何时候都要丰富多彩得多。
Jones has a much more diverse and perhaps younger audience.
琼斯的观众群更为多样化而且可能更年轻。
Davies has managed to pursue his diverse interests in parallel with his fast-moving career
戴维斯在事业突飞猛进的同时并未放弃自己广泛的兴趣爱好。
The Judaeo Christian tradition is diverse, jumbled, contradictory,
at every point inviting inquiry and debate.
犹太-基督教传统呈现多样化，混乱复杂，相互矛盾，在各个方面都会引发质疑和争论。
同义词辨析
different diverse various 【导航词义：不同的】
different adj. 不同的，不一样的
强调事物之间的区别，侧重对比，常与介词 from 连用；英国英语口语中也常用 different to, 而美国英语中则用 different than。
They hold different political views from each other.
他们彼此的政治观点不同。
Her dress is different to mine.
她的裙子和我的不一样。
Tom seemed different than he did in Germany.
汤姆和在德国时好像不一样了。
diverse adj. 各种各样的，不同的
语气较强，强调性质或种类不同，侧重表示区别显著。
People from diverse cultures work together in this company.
在这家公司，不同文化背景的人在一起工作。
The boy is only 5 years old, but his interests are very diverse.
这个男孩才5岁，但是他的兴趣非常广泛。
various adj. 各种各样的，各种不同的
强调种类不同，通常作定语。
He decided to support his rival for various reasons.
出于种种原因，他决定支持自己的对手。
There are various ways to solve this problem.
有多种方法可以解决这个问题。
【精读检测】