高中英语知识点:程度副词

  程度副词的概念:

  程度副词用来描述动作、行为或状态程度的副词称为程度副词。

  absolutely完全地, almost几乎, amazingly令人惊异地, enormously非常地, enough充足地, entirely完全地, extremely极端地, fairly相当, fully完全地,

  如:This task is extremely difficult. 这项任务极其艰难。

  You're entirely wrong. 你完全错了。

  英语中的“非常”程度副词系列:

  1、very:

  修饰原级形容词和副词以及完全形容词性化的现在分词或过去分词,如:tired, ashamed, exciting等。

  注:1)非形容词性化的分词不能用very修饰,可用much修饰。

  例:She is very pleased by his words.(×)

  She is much pleased by his words.(√)

  2)一些不分等级的形容词不能用very修饰,可用 quite(completely)修饰:

  例:You are very wrong. (×)

  You are quite wrong.(√)

  3)部分以a开头的形容词不能用very修饰,可用much修饰。

  例:She was very afraid of dogs. (×)

  She was much afraid of dogs. (√)

  2、much:

  1)修饰动词:

  2)修饰介词以及形容词和副词的比较级:

  例:The girl is much like her mother. 这女孩非常像她妈妈。

  She is much younger than her husband. 她比她丈夫年轻多了。

  3)修饰部分以a开头的形容词,如:afraid, awake, alive, ashamed, alone, etc。

  3、well:

  作“很,非常,相当”讲,主要用来修饰动词、介词短语或用于固定搭配。

  例:She was well past thirty at that time. 她那时刚好过了30岁。

  His house is over there, well above the other houses. 他的房子在那边,就在其他房子的上方。

  I don't know him well. 我不是特别了解他。

  The book is well worth reading. 这本书非常值得读。

  4、quite:

  1)修饰表示绝对意义的形容词或副词,如:sure, certain, possible, impossible, right, wrong, perfect, dead, ready等。

  例:I'm quite sure the dog is quite dead. 我非常确信狗确实是死了。

  2)修饰动词或名词。

  例:She quite likes the bike, but she is not quite ready to buy it. 她非常喜欢自行车,但是她不是特别想买它。

  I had quite a time at your party that evening. 那晚我在你的聚会上呆了相当长的时间。

  3)可修饰good, well, old, young等个别形容词的比较级。

  例:She's feeling quite better today. 她今天感觉好多了。

  She looks quite older than before. 她看上去比以前老多了。

  5、badly:

  表示程度时含有迫切之意,常修饰want, need等动词或表示不良情况的短语。

  例:They are badly in need of teachers. 他们急需老师。

  She wants to go abroad badly. 她非常想出国。

  He was badly wounded. 他受伤很重。

  6、enough:

  意为“足够地、非常、很”,修饰形容词,副词,动词,但须放在这些词的后面。

  例:The meat is not done enough. 肉不是十分熟。

  The boy ran fast enough to catch up with the dog. 那男孩跑得非常快,能够跟上那只狗。

  7、fast/sound/wide/widely:

  这些词用作程度副词,主要用在一些固定搭配中。

  例:The baby was fast(sound) asleep. 那孩子很快就睡着了/睡得很香。

  She was wide awake at that time. 她在那时非常清醒。

  These books are widely different. 这些书非常与众不同。

  Opinions vary widely on this subject. 就这一主题各方观点差异很大。

  8、nice(good, fine)and+形容词(副词):

  例:He was good and tired afterw ork. 他工作后非常累。

  The flowers look good and beautiful. 花非常漂亮。

  程度副词的特点:

  程度副词有于表示程度,常见的如:fairly, pretty, rather, quite, very, much, too, greatly, almost, nearly, half, highly, awfully, deeply, partly, perfectly, really等。使用时注意以下几点:

  (1)程度副词主要用于修饰形容词和副词,有的还可修饰比较级(如much, rather等)和最高级(如quite, much, almost等):

  如:Houses are much more expensive these days. 如今的房价贵多了。

  This is quite[much] the most expensive radio here. 这是这里最贵的收音机。

  注:quite有时也修饰比较级,但只用于quite better(身体康复)这一表达。

  (2)有的程度副词(如:quite, rather, almost等)可修饰动词,但有的(如:fairly, pretty, very等)则不能修饰动词:

  如:I quite agree with you. 我完全同意你的意见。(不用fairly, pretty, very)

  如:We rather like the film. 我们很喜欢这部电影。(不用fairly, pretty, very)

  注:much也可修饰动词,但这通常只限于否定句或疑问句,而不用于肯定陈述句,除非其前有very,too,so等之类的修饰语:

  如:She doesn't like him much. 她不太喜欢他。

  Does she much like him?/ Does she like him much? 她很喜欢他吗?

  He likes the film very much. 他很喜欢这部电影。(不能说:He likes the film much.)没有very, too, so等修饰的much有时也可能在肯定句修饰动词,但这只限于regret, admire, prefer, appreciate等少数动词,且此时的much应置于句中,而不是句末:

  如:We much appreciate your invitation. 我们非常感激你的邀请。

  (3)个别的程度副词(主要是quite和rather)还可修饰名词(注意词序):

  如:It's quite[rather] a good idea./ It's a quite[rather] good idea. 那可真是个好主意。

  若此结构中没有形容词,则quite和rather则只能放在冠词之前:

  如:It was quite[rather]a success. 那事相当成功。

  程度副词的用法注意点:

  (1)exactly程度副词主要用于修饰形容词和副词,有的还可修饰比较级(如much,rather等)和最高级(如quite, much, almost等)。

  如:This is quite[much] the most expensive radio here. 这是这里最贵的收音机。

  【说明】quite有时也修饰比较级,但只用于quite better(身体康复)这一表达。

  (2)有的程度副词(如quite, rather, almost等)可修饰动词,但有的如fairly, pretty, very等,则不能修饰动词。

  如:I quite agree with you. 我完全同意你的意见。(不用fairly, pretty, very)

  如:We rather like the film. 我们很喜欢这部电影。(不用fairly, pretty, very)

  (3)个别的程度副词(主要是quite和rather)还可修饰名词(注意词序)。

  如:It's quite[rather] a good idea./ It's a quite[rather] good idea. 那可真是个好主意。

  若此结构中没有形容词,则quite和rather则只能放在冠词之前。

  如:It was quite[rather] a success. 那事相当成功。

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