人性本善 vs 人性本恶?| 经济学人精讲第659期

文章导读

本文选自《经济学人》6月6日刊文章。人类性善还是性恶是人类文明诞生之初就开始争辩的话题,孟子说“人性本善”,但荀子也说“人之性恶,其善者伪也”,《圣经》中亚当和夏娃对上帝的违背奠定了基督教的原罪论,即人生而有罪的基础,但从古至今,人类的善行又不胜枚举。对于人类性善性恶,每个人都有自己的观点,我个人认为人性本恶,这是人类本能决定的。在人类还是猿人的时候,为了生存,会杀食同类,这不能称之为“恶”,饥饿者面前无法律,这是人类生存的本能,这种本能是“利己”的,而“利己”的本能不太可能产生“利他”的本性,即“善”的本性,而更有可能产生“恶”的本性,所以人类才会建立法律、道德体系来约束人的行为,开办教育来教化人的思想。而本文介绍的罗格尔·布雷格曼写的《人类》这本书,认为人性本善,通过这篇文章,你可以了解畅销书《人类》,思考人类的本性。你认为人类是性善还是性恶?欢迎留言。

选文精讲

Hearts of gold 人性本善
Are humans essentially good? Rutger Bregman thinks so
人性本善吗?罗格尔·布雷格曼是这么认为的
In “Humankind” he tries to refute the idea that people are innately prone to wickedness
在《人类》一书中,他试图反驳人性本恶的观点
Jun 6th 2020 |
AS THE SON of a Dutch Protestant cleric, Rutger Bregman was brought up in a religious tradition that regards mankind as incorrigibly prone to wickedness, yet called by the Creator to veer towards goodness, a transformation that the faith promises to abet. As a young, bestselling proponent of catchy ideas about history and economics, he has rejected parts of that outlook while retaining others.
  • incorrigibly: 根深蒂固的
  • abet: 唆使、促成
  • catchy: 吸引人的、引人注目的
鲁特格·布雷格曼是一位荷兰新教牧师的儿子,他在认为人类天生向恶,却被造物主召唤向善(信仰可促使这种转变)的宗教传统中长大。作为一个年轻的畅销书拥护者,书中有一些关于历史和经济的让人耳目一新的观点,他拒绝了(上述宗教的)部分观点,但保留了其他观点。
Mr Bregman does not believe wickedness is innate, but, on the contrary, that people are naturally inclined to good and helpful behaviour. In the original Dutch version of his new book, its title means something like “most people fit”; he uses a verb, deugen, that conveys not self-sacrificial courage but having a decent, sensible attitude that meets the needs of society. To support his thesis, he tries energetically to discredit pieces of evidence cited by others to demonstrate humanity’s badness, which range from dodgy psychological research to supposedly egregious real-life events and dark interpretations of history.
  • discredit: 使...不可信
  • egregious: 惊人的
布雷格曼不相信人天性邪恶,相反,人们天生倾向于善良和乐于助人的行为。在他的新书最初的荷兰版本中,书名的大致意思是“大多数人都适用”,他使用了一个词“deugen”(荷兰语“美德”的意思),表达的不是自我牺牲的勇气,而是符合社会需要的体面、理智的态度。为了支持自己的论点,他竭力驳斥其他人引用的证明人性邪恶的证据,这些证据包括漏洞百出的心理学研究、被认为是骇人的真实事件、以及对历史的黑暗解读。

感谢阅读

(0)

相关推荐