HttpClient工具类
一、概念
HttpClient是Apache Jakarta Common下的子项目，用来提供高效的、最新的、功能丰富的支持HTTP协议的客户端编程工具包，并且它支持HTTP协议最新的版本和建议。HttpClient已经应用在很多的项目中，比如Apache Jakarta上很著名的另外两个开源项目Cactus和HTMLUnit都使用了HttpClient。 HttpClient通俗的讲就是模拟了浏览器的行为，如果我们需要在后端向某一地址提交数据获取结果，就可以使用HttpClient。 关于HttpClient（原生）具体的使用不属于我们本章的学习内容，我们这里这里为了简化HttpClient的使用，提供了工具类HttpClient（对原生HttpClient进行了封装）。二、HttpClient工具类代码
public class HttpClient { private String url; private Map<String, String> param; private int statusCode; private String content; private String xmlParam; private boolean isHttps; public boolean isHttps() { return isHttps; } public void setHttps(boolean isHttps) { this.isHttps = isHttps; } public String getXmlParam() { return xmlParam; } public void setXmlParam(String xmlParam) { this.xmlParam = xmlParam; } public HttpClient(String url, Map<String, String> param) { this.url = url; this.param = param; } public HttpClient(String url) { this.url = url; } public void setParameter(Map<String, String> map) { param = map; } public void addParameter(String key, String value) { if (param == null) param = new HashMap<String, String>(); param.put(key, value); } public void post() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { HttpPost http = new HttpPost(url); setEntity(http); execute(http); } public void put() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { HttpPut http = new HttpPut(url); setEntity(http); execute(http); } public void get() throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { if (param != null) { StringBuilder url = new StringBuilder(this.url); boolean isFirst = true; for (String key : param.keySet()) { if (isFirst) { url.append("?"); }else { url.append("&"); } url.append(key).append("=").append(param.get(key)); } this.url = url.toString(); } HttpGet http = new HttpGet(url); execute(http); } /** * set http post,put param */ private void setEntity(HttpEntityEnclosingRequestBase http) { if (param != null) { List<NameValuePair> nvps = new LinkedList<NameValuePair>(); for (String key : param.keySet()) { nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, param.get(key))); // 参数 } http.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, Consts.UTF_8)); // 设置参数 } if (xmlParam != null) { http.setEntity(new StringEntity(xmlParam, Consts.UTF_8)); } } private void execute(HttpUriRequest http) throws ClientProtocolException, IOException { CloseableHttpClient httpClient = null; try { if (isHttps) { SSLContext sslContext = new SSLContextBuilder() .loadTrustMaterial(null, new TrustStrategy() { // 信任所有 @Override public boolean isTrusted(X509Certificate[] chain, String authType) throws CertificateException { return true; } }).build(); SSLConnectionSocketFactory sslsf = new SSLConnectionSocketFactory( sslContext); httpClient = HttpClients.custom().setSSLSocketFactory(sslsf) .build(); } else { httpClient = HttpClients.createDefault(); } CloseableHttpResponse response = httpClient.execute(http); try { if (response != null) { if (response.getStatusLine() != null) { statusCode = response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); } HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity(); // 响应内容 content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, Consts.UTF_8); } } finally { response.close(); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally { httpClient.close(); } } public int getStatusCode() { return statusCode; } public String getContent() throws ParseException, IOException { return content; }}三、HttpClient工具类使用的步骤
- 导入依赖
<!--httpclient支持--><dependency> <groupId>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupId> <artifactId>httpclient</artifactId></dependency>- 测试案例
/** * @Author TeaBowl * @Date 2021/2/1 4:50 * @Version 1.0 * HttpClient工具类的使用 * 作用：发送Http、Https请求 */public class HttpClientTest { /** * 发送Http、Https请求 * 发送指定参数 * 可以获取相应的结果 */ @Test public void testHttpClient() throws IOException { //请求地址 String url = "https://www.cnblogs.com/chawaner/"; //创建HttpClient对象,对请求地址进行操作 HttpClient httpClient = new HttpClient(url); //创建要发送的xml数据->post String xml = "<xml><name>茶碗儿</name></xml>"; //使用HttpClient对象，设置请求的XML参数 httpClient.setXmlParam(xml); //发送请求 //设置当前请求为Https httpClient.setHttps(true); //发送XML数据，使用post请求 httpClient.post(); //获取响应数据 String content = httpClient.getContent(); System.out.println(content); }} 赞 (0)