双语热点：日本排核废水
2021年4月13日，日本政府召开相关阁僚会议，正式决定以排海方式处置福岛百万吨核电站事故核废水，排放或最早于2022年启动，预计在40年内完成。
* Japan has officially decided to discharge over 1 million tonnes of contaminated nuclear wastewater into the Pacific Ocean.
* Japan announced it will release 1.25 million tons of treated wastewater contaminated by the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean.
* Gradual, trial releases could start in 2 years and might take 40 years to complete.
日本政府曾提出针对核废水的五种排放方案，但最终选择了倾倒入海。
* Japan had five options available to it but elected for the cheapest option. Tokyo “has not exhausted safe disposal methods. For its own self-interest, Japan unilaterally chooses the ocean with the least economic cost on the grounds of limited on-site storage tank space.”
* “Releasing the treated water into the sea is a realistic solution,” Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga said at a Cabinet meeting endorsing the plan. “We will do our utmost to keep the water far above safety standards.”
国际原子能机构（IAEA）总干事格罗西（Grossi）说，日本排海的处理方法既具有“技术可行性”，又符合国际的“基本操作”。
* The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) “considers the disposal options as technically feasible and in line with international practice,” IAEA Director General Rafael Grossi said during a February 2020 visit to Fukushima.
* The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) backed the Japanese government's plan to dispose of the water, saying the plan meets the global standard of practice in the nuclear industry, and releasing wastewater from nuclear power plants is commonplace.
为了宣传处理水的“安全性”，在“官宣”核废水排海当天，日本复兴厅在官网上发布包括氚卡通形象的海报和视频，“放射性氚”被拟化成像“吉祥物”般的可爱角色。复兴厅负责人当时表示，将“放射性氚”做成“吉祥物”，是因为这很“平易近人”，希望塑造一种既不是“善”、也不是“恶”的中间感觉。
* Japan's Reconstruction Agency released a video on its website featuring the radioactive substance tritium as a "cute character" to dispel concerns about the government's decision.
然而，该海报发布后，“与福岛面临的严峻现实之间，感觉上存在偏差”等批评接踵而来，14日复兴厅撤下了海报和视频。
* Within a day, the tadpolelike character was scrapped and an apology issued after a wave of criticism on social media as well as in Japan's parliament.
氚的元素符号为T
20日，日本复兴相平泽正式向公众道歉， “对因此而感到不快的人，特别是福岛县的受灾民众深表歉意”。他还表示，相关形象通过传单和视频公开后，他个人及事务所收到了大量抗议邮件，内容包括“低估核电站的危险性”“试图淡化核事故的影响”。
* The public backlash against Japan's plans to release contaminated water from the Fukushima nuclear power plant continued to ferment at home on Thursday, resulting in the Japanese government scrapping an animated mascot intended to sweeten its decision for the public.
日本网友：“复兴厅把放射性氚弄了个所谓的'吉祥物’，这真的是令人目瞪口呆的事。但重点是这波操作误导人觉得核废水中只含有放射性氚，还成了既定事实了，这更是令人目瞪口呆。自民党政府宣称是'处理水’，但即使是经过了处理，核废水中锶90也超标了啊。”
各界回应
国际社会利益各方对日本核废水排海一事议论纷纷。人们认为，日本始终欠国际社会一个合理的解释。日本不负责任的行为威胁了全人类的命运。
* There's been an ongoing discussion on the potential aftermath of the release of the contaminated wastewater.
* Japan's recent decision to dump over 1 million tonnes of contaminated water into the Pacific Ocean has reportedly caused a new wave of concern and disturbance around the globe.
* Before the discharge plan is put into practice, Japan owes the world an explanation on how this controversial dumping could affect the safety of seafood and people's health.
* Japan disregards the opposition of the international community.
* Japan bears responsibility for all of mankind.
全世界都怒了
* However, the local fishery industry, residents and international environmental organizations have slammed/condemned the decision.
* [Japan’s decision] has angered neighbouring countries, including China, and local fishers.
此举将对日本渔业产生严重打击，日本水产品销售或将面临困境。
* Local fishing communities say the water’s release will undo years of hard work to rebuild consumer confidence in their seafood.
* Official confirmation of the move, which came more than a decade after the nuclear disaster, will deal a further blow to the fishing industry in Fukushima, which has opposed the measure for years.
在找图片的时候，看到了好多条变异的🐟，准备自闭了
....
一位渔业组织负责人说
* “We can’t back this move to break that promise and release the water into the sea unilaterally. It seems the government's desire to release the water into the sea takes priority over everything. We fishermen can't understand it."
日本环保组织也同样发出了反对的呼声
* They have voiced their shared objection. “The Japanese government has once again failed the people of Fukushima.”
中国外交部更是强势发言，“日本福岛核污染水处置问题绝不是日本的家务事，核污水要是没有公害，日本为什么不自己留着？”
日本不应对全球海洋生态环境和各国人民的健康安全置之不理，不应将该由自身承担的责任转嫁给全人类。这完全是“将自身私利凌驾于国际公共利益至上”的行为。
* China denounced the plan as “extremely irresponsible”, and accused Japan of reaching the decision “without regard for domestic and foreign doubts and opposition”.
* “This approach is extremely irresponsible and will seriously damage international public health and safety and the vital interests of the people of neighbouring countries,” the Chinese foreign ministry said in a statement on its website.
外交部发言人赵立坚4月23日说，日方必须诚恳面对国内外这些质疑和反对，不能再继续装聋作哑。
核废水排海危害有多大？
有研究显示，核废水排放后，只需要57天，放射性物质将扩散至半个太平洋——世界上最大、最深、边缘海和岛屿最多的大洋。
* It would only take 57 days for the radioactive materials from Japan's contaminated water to spread to most of the Pacific Ocean, three years to reach the coastal areas of the U.S. and Canada, and 10 years to spread worldwide.
模拟核污染扩散趋势
日方说：经过处理，我们排放的核废水是符合“标准”的核废水，杀伤力不值一提。
* Tokyo Electric Power Company claimed the wastewater has been treated with an advanced liquid processing system to remove most contaminants.
但是，中国生态学学会理事陈尚却表示，这些废水经过处理，依然还有较高浓度的放射性氚，是无法消除的。
* Yet some radioactive byproduct of nuclear reactors are hard to filter out. The main radionuclide remaining in the water is tritium, which is difficult to separate from water because it's a radioactive isotope of hydrogen, part of the water molecules itself.
排入海洋后，氚会产生低强度的β射线，有可能长期影响鱼类、浮游生物、底栖生物、鸟类等生物多样性，通过海流扩散，氚还会扩散到多个海域。
* Because tritium emits only low-energy beta particles, it poses a modest health risk. And the plan is to dilute the water until the tritium concentration is one-fortieth of what Japan allows in drinking water.
* Much of the radioactive material already released in Japan has been carried out to sea away from populated areas, thanks to prevailing winds.
* Such isotopes can be absorbed easily by seafloor sediments and marine life like fish,
陈尚直言：“就算福岛核电站的放射性废水里含有的氚等放射性物质经过及时处理，浓度达标，但由于日本福岛需要排海的核废水放射性物质总量过多，对海洋生物和环境的累积性影响还是存在的，不能自欺欺人，更不能欺骗世人。”
* The Japanese government has been deliberately seeking to deceive over this issue, at home and abroad.
废水中除了氚，还有许多其他放射性同位素，如碳14、锶90、碘129和钴60也未能去除。
* However, tritium is not the only thing to worry about. According to a study published in the journal Science last August, radioactive isotopes that remain in the treated water in the tanks in Fukushima include carbon-14, cobalt-60 and strontium-90, a radionuclide that can cause cancer.
这些放射性元素不仅仅会对海洋生物产生危害，也会对食品安全和人类居住环境产生深远影响。
* Such isotopes can be absorbed easily by seafloor sediments and marine life like fish, according to the study.
* In that way, radioactive materials can accumulate in the body of marine life, which carry and spread them around. Then through food chain, radioactive materials can be passed on to human.