208.Chiari I Malformation(小脑扁桃体下疝畸形(I型))
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IMAGING
General Features
Best diagnostic clue
○ Combination of inferiorly displaced "pointed" tonsils with "crowded" posterior fossa, effaced retrocerebellar CSF spaces at foramen magnum/upper cervical level
Morphology
○ Low-lying, pointed peg-like tonsils with oblique vertical sulci, elongated but normally located 4th ventricle (normal dorsally-pointed fastigium)
【Chiari I Malformation 小脑扁桃体下疝畸形(I型)】
影像表现:
最佳诊断线索:小脑扁桃体尖部向下移位,“挤在”后颅窝。移位至枕骨大孔/颈髓平面,导致小脑后脑脊液间隙消失。
形态改变:钉状扁桃体向下移位,伴斜行的脑沟,形态变长但通常位于第四脑室(正常尖部朝向背部)。
MR Findings
· T1WI
○ Pointed (not rounded) tonsils ≥ 5 mm below foramen magnum
○ "Tight" foramen magnum with small/absent cisterns
○ ± 4th ventricle elongation, hindbrain anomalies
· T2WI
○ Oblique tonsillar folia (sergeant's stripes like)
○ ± short clivus → apparent descent of 4th ventricle, medulla
○ ± syringohydromyelia (14-75%)
磁共振表现:
T1WI:尖状扁桃体,位于枕骨大孔下 ≥5mm。枕骨大孔“紧缩”,伴小的/不伴脑池。伴或不伴四脑室的拉长,后脑异常。
T2WI:血型扁桃体条纹(海军条纹征)。伴/不伴斜坡变短,明显降至第四脑室,骨髓。伴/不伴脊髓空洞症(14-75%)
Notes:
1. tonsil [ˈtɑ:nsl] n. 扁桃体
2. fossa ['fɒsə] n. 窝,凹
3. retrocerebellar 小脑后
4. foramen magnum [ˈmæɡnəm] 枕骨大孔
5. medulla [mɪ'dʌlə] n. 骨髓
6. syringohydromyelia 脊髓空洞
来源:每天朗读一段医学影像学英语文章
圈主
深圳市人民医院放射科副主任医师杨敏洁