最常见的重点动词用法与搭配汇总

A

advise 劝告;建议

advise sb to do sth:

The doctor advised me to rest for a few days.

医生建议我休息几天。

advise doing sth:

I strongly advise buying the ticket at once.

我强烈建议立刻买票。

allow 允许

allow sb / sth to do sth:

People aren’t allowed to eat food on the underground in Nanjing.

在南京,地铁上禁止人们吃东西。

allow sb sth:

My father allows himself three cigarettes a day.

我爸爸给自己规定,一天抽三根烟。

ask 询问;要求;请求

ask sb sth:

They see a lady. They ask her the way.

他们看见一位女士,向她问路。

ask (sb) about sth:

They call me about twice a month to ask about my study.

他们每个月给我打两次电话来询问我的学习情况。

ask (sb) to do sth:

Kate asks her father to stop smoking.

凯特让她的父亲戒烟。

ask (sb) for sth:

Now I am writing to ask you for help.

我现在写信请你帮忙。

agree 同意;赞同

agree to do sth:

Mum and Dad have agreed to have a party at home.

妈妈和爸爸已经同意在家里举办一次聚会。

● agree on 对……达成一致

● agree to 赞同;赞成

● agree with 同意;赞同

B

begin (began, begun) 开始;开始进行;开始出现

begin doing / to do sth:

Bill began learning / to learn to play the piano at the age of five.

比尔五岁时开始学习弹钢琴。

● to begin with 首先;第一

believe 相信

it is believed + (that) 从句:

It is believed that the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages.

人们认为互联网有利也有弊。

believe ... to be sth:

She was believed to be the first H7N9 patient in China.

她被认为是中国首例H7N9患者。

● believe in sb / sth 信任某人 / 相信某事物的存在

● believe it or not 信不信由你

borrow 借;借入

borrow sth from sb:

I borrowed some interesting books from my friend.

我从朋友那里借了一些有趣的书。

break (broke, broken) 破碎,坏掉,打破,违反

● break away (from) 离开 (……);脱离 (……)

● break down (汽车、机器等) 出故障;垮掉;打破;消除;分解

● break into 强行闯入;突然……起来

● break off (使) 折断;中断

● break out (火灾、战争等) 爆发

● break up (使) 破碎;(使) 破裂

bring 带来;拿来

bring sb / sth with sb:

Don’t forget to bring an umbrella with you.

别忘了随身带把伞。

bring sb sth / bring sth for sb:

Sports can bring us friends. / Sports can bring friends for us.

体育运动能让我们交到朋友。

bring sb / sth to sth / sb:

Can I bring a friend to your birthday party?

我能带个朋友去参加你的生日聚会吗?

● bring about 引起;造成

● bring along 带来;带上

● bring back 把…带回来;使回忆起;使恢复

● bring in 引入;赚得

● bring out 把……拿出来;使表现出

● bring up 抚养;养育;提出 (供讨论等)

buy (bought, bought) 买;购买

buy sb sth:

I must buy myself a new sweater.

我必须给自己买件新毛衣。

buy sth for sb / sth:

I want to buy a red rose for my mother.

我想给我妈妈买一枝红玫瑰。

C

call 打电话;命名

● call back 回电话

● call off 取消

● call on / upon 号召;要求

● call up 打电话给

care 在意;关心

care about sth:

As a student, it’s very important to care about what we do in public.

作为一名学生,注意我们在公共场合的行为很重要。

care about sb:

He taught me to care about other people.

他教我关心别人。

● care for 照顾;照料

catch (caught, caught) 抓住捕捉赶上;感染上领会

● be / get caught in 处于困境;遭遇

● catch a cold 感冒

● catch sb’s attention / eye 引起某人的注意

● catch up (with) 赶上;追上

change 改变;更换

change (from sth) to / into sth:

The traffic light has changed (from red) to green.

交通信号灯 (由红) 变绿了。

change sb / sth into / to sth:

It only takes less than 30 seconds to change a car into a plane.

把汽车变成飞机只需不到30秒钟的时间。

change sth with sb:

Can I change seats with you?

我可以和您换下座位吗?

change sb / sth (for sb / sth):

This shirt is too small. I’ll have to change it for a bigger one.

这件衬衫太小了,我得换一件大点的。

choose (chose, chosen) 选择;挑选

choose (sb) to do sth:

Half of the students choose to go to big cities.

一半的学生选择去大城市。

choose sb as / for / to be:

They chose Roy as / for / to be monitor.

他们选了罗伊当班长。

come (came, come) 来;来到;到来达到;处于

come to do sth:

Many people came to watch the birds.

许多人前来看鸟。

● come across 偶然遇到;碰见

● come along 跟着来;出现

● come back 回来

● come by 顺路拜访

● come down 下来;下降

● come down with 染上

● come from 出生于;来自;产自

● come in 进来

● come on 快点;加油

● come out 出版;发行

● come out of 从……出来

● come over 来访;拜访

● come up (to sb) 走近 (某人);靠近 (某人)

● come up with 想出;提出

● when it comes to (doing) sth 在某方面;说到 (做) 某事

compare 对比;比较

compare A to / with B 把A同B作比较:

Compared with / to Fetion, WeChat is more popular now.

与飞信相比,现在微信更受欢迎。

consider 考虑;认为

consider doing sth:

Have you ever considered studying abroad?

你考虑过出国留学吗?

consider sb / sth (as / to be) sb / sth / adj :

He is considered (to be) one of the greatest writers in American history.

他被认为是美国历史上最伟大的作家之一。

consider it + adj / n + to do sth:

Arabs consider it very bad manners to eat with left hands.

阿拉伯人认为用左手吃饭很不礼貌。

continue 继续;持续;延续

continue doing / to do sth:

If we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse.

如果我们继续制造太多的垃圾,问题只会变得更严重。

She continued to work after her long vacation.

长假过后她又继续工作了。

cost (cost, cost) 价钱为;(使) 花费

cost (sb) sth:

The dictionary didn’t cost me much money.

这本字典没花我很多钱。

cost sth to do sth:

It costs 20 yuan to enter the swimming pool.

进入游泳池要花费20元。

cut (cut, cut) 切;割;剪;砍割伤剪短;削减;减少

● cut down 砍倒;减少;缩减

● cut in line 插队

● cut off 切掉;切断

● cut out 剪下;(从文字作品、文章中)删掉;剪出

● cut up 切碎;割碎

D

decide 决定;选定

decide to do sth:

He decided to be a firefighter.

他决定当一名消防员。

● decide on / upon 决定;选定

depend 依靠;依赖;取决于

depend on 依靠;依赖由……决定;取决于

Your success depends on how hard you work at your lessons.

你的成功取决于你学习的努力程度。

It / That (all) depends. 那得看情况。

— How long are you staying? 你打算待多久?

— I don’t know. It depends. 我不知道,那得看情况。

discuss 讨论;商议

discuss sth with sb 

Discuss the questions with your partner.

与你的搭档讨论这些问题。

dream (dreamed / dreamt, dreamed / dreamt) 做梦;梦想

dream about / of sb / sth:

I dreamed of / about him last night.

我昨晚梦见他了。

dream about / of (doing) sth:

He always dreamed of becoming a police officer.

他一直梦想成为一名警官。

dress (给……) 穿衣服;穿……的衣服

dress sb (in sth):

Can you dress the babies for me?

你能替我给孩子们穿衣服吗?

● get dressed 穿好衣服

● dress up (给……) 穿上盛装;(给……) 乔装打扮

E

educate 教育;教导;培养

educate sb to do sth:

The first Earth Day was celebrated  in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet.

为了教育大家保护我们的星球,1970年庆祝了第一个地球日。

encourage 鼓励

encourage sb to do sth:

Mr Wang always encourages us to speak English in class.

王老师总是鼓励我们课上说英语。

enjoy 喜欢;享受

enjoy doing sth:

Kids there really enjoy playing football.

那里的孩子真的喜欢踢足球。

● enjoy oneself 过得开心;玩得愉快

expect 预料;期望;指望

expect (sb / sth) to do sth:

You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.

你不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。

explain 解释

explain (sth) to sb:

The teacher kept explaining the use of the idiom to me until I understood it.

老师一直给我解释这个习语的用法,直到我弄懂为止。

explain (to sb) + wh- to do:

I can explain how to do it.

我可以解释怎么做。

● explain oneself 说明自己的意思;为自己的行为解释

F

fail 失败;不能;未能

fail to do sth:

He looks so different that they fail to recognise him.

他看上去大不一样,结果他们没认出他来。

fear 害怕;畏惧

fear to do / doing sth:

My daughter fears to speak in public.

我女儿害怕在公共场合讲话。

She fears walking alone at night.

她不敢在夜间独自行走。

feel (felt, felt) 感觉到;认为

feel sb / sth doing sth:

I felt a hand touching my shoulder.

我感到有只手在触摸我的肩膀。

feel sb / sth do sth:

I suddenly felt something brush against my arm.

我突然感觉到有东西在挠我的胳膊。

feel it ... to do sth:

I feel it necessary to tell her about it.

我认为有必要把这件事告诉她。

● feel like (doing) sth 想要某物;想做某事

● feel at home 感觉自在;无拘束

find (found, found) 找到;找回;发现;认为

find sb sth / find sth for sb:

Can you find me my bag? / Can you find my bag for me?

你能帮我找回包吗?

find sb / sth doing sth:

It is quite common to find her reading the newspaper.

人们经常看到她在读报。

find sb / sth + adj / adv / prep:

In Singapore, you’ll find a lot of food from China.

在新加坡,你会发现很多来自中国的食品。

find sth + adj / n:

I enjoy learning English and find grammar quite easy.

我喜欢学英语,并且认为语法非常简单。

find it + adj / n (to do sth):

I find it hard to speak English.

我觉得讲英语很难。

find out 查明;弄清 (情况)

① find out + wh- to do

② find out + (that) / wh-从句

finish 结束;完成

finish doing sth:

I finished cleaning the living room.

我打扫完客厅了。

fit (fitted / fit, fitted / fit) 适合

fit in (with) 适合;(与……) 合得来;适应:

I’m a new student in this school. I couldn’t fit in well.

我是这个学校的新生,还不是很适应。

force 强迫;迫使

force sb to do sth:

You cannot force him to do what he does not want to do.

你不能强迫他去做他不想做的事。

focus 集中;聚焦

focus (...) on / upon 集中 (……) 于;聚焦 (……) 于:

Please calm down and focus (your attention) on the test paper.

请平静下来,把注意力集中在试卷上。

forget (forgot, forgotten) 忘记

forget doing sth 忘记做过某事:

I forgot telling her the news.

我忘了曾告诉过她这个消息。

forget to do sth 忘记要做某事:

Don’t forget to send the emails this evening.

不要忘记今晚把电子邮件发出去。

G

get (got, got / gotten) 得到;带来;到达;变得;说服;开始;渐渐

get sb / sth doing sth:

Can you really get that old car going again?

你真能让那辆旧车再跑起来吗?

get sb / sth to do sth:

I got him to change his idea.

我说服他改变了主意。

get sth done:

I’ll go and get my hair cut.

我打算去理发。

get sth + adj :

He got his clothes wet.

他把衣服弄湿了。

get doing sth:

He got talking to a woman on the bus.

他在公共汽车上跟一位女士攀谈起来。

get to do sth:

After a while, I got to like him.

过了一会儿,我开始喜欢他了。

● get along / on (with) (与……) 相处融洽;进展

● get away (from) 离开;摆脱

● get back 回来;返回;取回

● get down (从……) 下来

● get in 进入;(飞机、火车等) 抵达

● get into 进入;陷入;养成 (习惯)

● get off 下车;脱下 (衣服等)

● get on 上车 / 马

● get out (of) (从……) 出去;离开;摆脱

● get over 越过 (墙等);克服 (困难等)

● get through 通过;(电话) 打通

● get together 聚集;相聚一处

● get up 起床;起立

give (gave, given) 给;递给;赠予

give sb sth / give sth to sb:

I give my friends the red rose. / I give the red rose to my friends.

我把红玫瑰给我的朋友们。

give sb sth / give sth to sb:

Can you give me some advice? / Can you give some advice to me?

你能给我一些建议吗?   

● give a smile / shout / kiss / hug 微笑 / 大喊 / 亲吻 / 拥抱

● give a call 打个电话

● give a talk / speech 发表演讲

● give a party / concert 举办聚会 / 音乐会

● give away 送掉;赠送;泄露

● give back 归还

● give in 让步;屈服

● give off 发出 (气味、光、热等)

● give out 分发

● give up (doing sth) 放弃 (做某事)

go (went, gone) 走;做

● be going to do sth

I’m going to study science.

我打算学理科。

I think it’s going to rain.

我想,要下雨了。

● go on

What is going on here?

这里发生了什么事?

The concert went on for hours.

音乐会进行了几个小时。

① go on with sth:

He must go on with his studies.

他必须继续他的学业。

② go on doing sth:

He was too tired to go on working.

他太累了,不能继续工作。

③ go on to do sth:

After climbing the Great Wall, they went on to visit the Summer Palace.

爬完长城后,他们接着去参观了颐和园。

● go about 从事;忙于;开始做

● go after 跟随 (follow);追赶

● go against 违反;违背

● go ahead  开始做 / 进行;[用于祈使句] 请吧;说吧;做吧

● go around / round 四处走动

● go away 走开;离开;外出

● go back (to) 回去

● go by 过去;走过

● go down 下去;下落;下降

● go for 努力获取

● go in for 参加;从事

● go off 离去;发出声响;爆炸;(机器或设备) 停止运转

● go out 出去;外出;(灯火等) 熄灭

● go over 仔细检查;温习

● go through 穿过;经历;通过;仔细检查

● go up (温度、价格等) 上升;增长

● go with 陪……一起去;与……相配

● go without 没有……也行

● go wrong 出毛病;失败

H

happen (尤指不愉快的事) 发生;碰巧

happen to do sth:

Later that day, I happened to pass Jeff in the dining room.

那天晚些时候,我在餐厅碰巧从杰夫身边走过。

happen to sb / sth:

A few days ago, something very bad happened to my friend Lily.

几天前,我的朋友莉莉遇上了件倒霉事。

it (so) happens that / as it happens:

It so happened that I had no money on me. / As it happened, I had no money on me.

碰巧我身上没带钱。

hate 讨厌;憎恨

hate doing / to do sth:

I hate to waste food.

我讨厌浪费食物。

hate sb to do / doing sth:

Jenny’s mother hates her to stay / staying out late.

珍妮的母亲不喜欢她在外面待得太晚。

hear (heard, heard) 听见

hear sb / sth do sth:

I often hear her sing in the next room.

我经常听到她在隔壁唱歌。

be heard to do sth:

She was heard to go out. (× She was heard go out.)

有人听见她出去了。

hear sb / sth doing sth:

I can hear the river flowing.

我能听见河里的流水声。

hear sb / sth done:

He heard his name called.

他听到有人叫自己的名字。

● hear about 听说 (……的情况)

● hear from 接到……的来信 / 电话;得到……的消息

● hear of 听说;得知

help 帮助;帮忙

help (sb) with sth:

I’m going to help with the housework.

我打算帮忙做家务。

help (to) do sth:

She helped (to) organize the party.

她协助筹备了这次聚会。

help sb (to) do sth:

She helped me (to) improve my English.

她帮助我提高英语水平。

● cannot help (doing) sth / cannot help but do sth 忍不住做某事

● help oneself (to) 自用 (食物等);擅自取用 (……)

● help (sb) out 帮助 (某人) 克服困难;帮 (某人) 一把

hope 希望

hope for sth:

Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.

抱最好的希望,做最坏的打算。

hope to do sth:

I hope to join you next time.

我希望下次能加入你们。

hurry 赶紧;匆忙

hurry to do sth:

Don’t hurry to make a conclusion.

别急着下结论。

● hurry up 快点;赶快

I-J

imagine 想象;设想

imagine (sb) doing sth:

We can’t imagine living without the Web.

我们无法想象没有网络的生活。

impress 给……留下深刻的印象

impress sb with / by sth:

We were very impressed by your work.

你的工作给我们留下了深刻的印象。

introduce 介绍;引进

introduce sb / sth (to sb):

I will certainly introduce him to you.

我一定把他介绍给你认识。

introduce sth (to / into sth):

Coca-Cola introduced its soft drink to China.

可口可乐公司把软饮料引进中国。

invite 邀请

invite sb to sth:

He invited us to his wedding.

他邀请我们参加他的婚礼。

invite sb to do sth:

At the end of the term, Rose was invited to give us a speech.

期末的时候,罗斯受邀给我们作了一场演讲。

join 参加;加入;连接

参加;加入

join sb (for sth):

Would you like to join us for dinner?

你想和我们一起吃晚饭吗?

join sb in doing sth:

Susan, go and join your sister in cleaning the yard.

苏珊,去和你姐姐一起打扫院子。

join sb to do sth:

Join us to celebrate Lily’s 8th birthday.

和我们一起庆祝莉莉的八岁生日吧。

● join in 参加 (比赛、活动等)

join sth with sth 

Now join the sentences with “and then”.

现在用“and then”把句子连起来。

K

keep (kept, kept) (使) 保持

keep (sb / sth) + adj / adv / prep :

What can we do to keep fit?

我们能做些什么来保持健康呢?

keep (sb / sth) doing sth:

I’m sorry to keep you waiting for so long.

对不起,让你久等了。

● keep on (doing sth) 持续 (做某事)

● keep sb / sth from (doing) sth 阻止某人 / 某物 (做) 某事

● keep (...) away from (使……) 远离

● keep ... out (of) 遮挡;使……不进入

● keep off 避开;(使) 不接近

● keep going 尽力维持下去;坚持 (活)下去

● keep up 保持;继续

● keep up with 跟上

● keep a secret 保守秘密

● keep a pet dog 养了一只宠物狗

● keep a diary 写日记

know (knew, known)知道;懂得

know + wh- to do sth:

I don’t know how to increase my reading speed.

我不知道如何提高阅读速度。

it is known + that 从句:

It is well known that smoking is harmful to people’s health.

众所周知,吸烟有害健康。

● be known as 以……而出名;被称作;被认为 (be famous as)

● be known for 因……而闻名 (be famous for)

● be known to 为……所熟知

● know about 了解

● know of 知道;听说

L

lead (led, led) 指引;导致

lead sb to:

His road will lead us to the Yellow River.

这条路会引领我们到达黄河。

lead to:

Small steps lead to big changes.

小步骤导致大变化。

lead sb to do sth:

An advertisement sometimes leads customers to buy something they don’t need at all.

广告有时导致顾客购买他们根本不需要的东西。

learn (learned / learnt, learned / learnt) 学习;学会;得知

learn (wh-) to do sth:

I want to learn to drive.

我想学开车。

learn + wh- 从句:

We’ll learn what we did not know.

我们将学到以前不知道的知识。

learn (sth) from:

I never learned anything from a match that I won. — Bobby Jones

我从未在自己赢过的比赛中学到过任何东西。 —— 鲍比·琼斯

learn about / of:

I learned about / of her arrival from a close friend.

我从一位好友那里得知她到了。

leave (left, left) 离开;出发;使处于;剩下;留下

leave for:

When will the woman leave for London? (× ... leave to London?)

那位女士什么时候启程去伦敦?

leave sb / sth doing sth:

My sister and I didn’t leave the tap running when we brushed our teeth.

刷牙时,我和姐姐从不让水龙头的水一直流着。

leave ... + done / adj / adv:

Leave the door open, please.

请让门开着。

● leave a message留个口信

● leave behind 把……丢在后面;留下;忘带

● leave out 遗漏;冷落

● (be) left over 剩下;留下

lend (lent, lent)  借出;把……借给

lend sb sth / lend sth to sb:

Could you lend me some money? / Could you lend some money to me?

你能借给我些钱吗?

● lend (sb) a hand 帮助 (某人)

let (let, let)  [不用于被动语态] 让;允许

let sb / sth do sth:

Please let me know if you need any help.

如果你需要帮助,就告诉我。

let sb / sth + adv / prep :

Don’t let strangers in when you are alone at home.

当你一个人在家的时候,不要让陌生人进来。

● let’s do sth [用于提出建议] 咱们做某事吧

● let down 使失望;辜负

● let off 饶恕;放过

● let out 发出 (声音等)

like 喜欢;想要

like (sb) doing / to do sth:

I like playing tennis.

我喜欢打网球。

I like to watch action movies because they’re exciting.

我喜欢看功夫片,因为它们很刺激。

would like (sb) to do sth:

I’d like to go to the seaside. 我想去海边。

● How do you like ...? 你 (们) 认为……怎么样?

● I’d like to. [省略句,作答语用] 我愿意。

● if you like 如果你愿意

long 渴望;盼望

long for:

The children are longing for the holidays.

孩子们盼望着放假。

long (for sb) to do sth:

I long to see my family again.

我很想再见到我的家人。

lose (lost, lost) 丢失;丧失;失去

● lose one’s way 迷路;迷失方向

● lose oneself in 专心于;全神贯注于

● get lost 迷路

● (be) lost in 沉浸于;专注于

M

make (made, made) 制造;挣得;使

make sth for sb / make sb sth:

Who made lunch for the family? / Who made the family lunch?

谁给家人做的午饭?

make sb do sth:

Homework made me stay up late.

我做家庭作业熬夜到很晚。

make sb / sth done:

I try to make myself understood by others.

我尽量让别人理解我。

make sb / sth + adj / prep / n :

His dance music made him famous all over Europe.

他的舞曲使他享誉全欧洲。

● be made from / of 由……制造;用……为原料制取

(be made from通常指从制成品中看不出原料,而be made of 通常从成品中能看出原料。)

● make a bed 铺床;整理床铺

● make ... into 把……制 / 变成

● make it 做到;成功

● make out of 用……制造出

● make up 组成;编写;编造:

● make up for 弥补

manage 设法做成;努力完成

manage to do sth:

His father managed to repair the car all by himself.

他父亲设法自己把这辆汽车修理好了。

mean (meant, meant) 意味着;打算

mean (sb / sth) doing sth:

Protecting our environment means protecting ourselves.

保护环境就是保护我们自己。

mean (sb / sth) to do sth:

I didn’t mean to do it.

我不是有意这样做的。

(mean to do sth 意为“打算做某事”;mean doing sth 意为“意味着做某事”。)

mean sth to sb:

Your friendship means a great deal to me.

你的友谊对我来说意义重大。

mention 提及;说到

mention sth (to sb):

Could I ask if you’ve mentioned this to her?

我能问问你向她提起过这件事了吗?

mention + (that) 从句:

These teenagers mentioned (that) collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time.

这些青少年提到,收集东西是他们业余时间喜欢做的事情。

● don’t mention it [答复别人道谢时的用语] 不用客气

mind 介意;在乎

mind (sb) doing sth:

Would you mind (me / my) opening the window?

你介意 (我) 打开窗户吗?

● never mind 不要紧;没关系

miss 错过;想念

miss doing sth:

I missed scoring a goal.

我射丢了一个球。

I will miss working with you.

我会想念跟你共事的时光。

move 移动;迁移;搬家;使感动

● move to 搬到……

● move about / around 四处走动;经常搬动

● move in 搬进新居 (move into sth)

● move on 继续前进

● move out 搬出去;迁出

N-O

need 需要;必需

need sth for sth:

I need a sweater for school.

我上学要穿一件毛衣。

need (sb) to do sth:

We need to care for our planet.

我们需要呵护我们的星球。

need doing / to be done:

My windows need cleaning. / My windows need to be cleaned.

我的窗户需要擦洗。

notice 注意 (到);察觉 (到)

notice sb do sth:

I notice adults cough in public without putting a hand over the mouth.

我注意到有些成年人在公共场合咳嗽时不用手挡住嘴。

notice sb doing sth:

He noticed some people making faces at him.

他注意到有一些人正在朝他做鬼脸。

offer (主动) 提出;提供

offer sb sth / offer sth to sb:

She offered me a cake.

她给了我一块蛋糕。

Offer your seat to someone who needs it.

请把座位让给需要的人。

offer to do sth:

I offered to do the cleaning for him.

我主动提出要替他打扫卫生。

open 打开

● open sb’s eyes 使某人长见识 / 开眼界 / 认清事实

● open up 展现;开发;开辟

order 命令;指示

order sb to do sth:

Her doctor has ordered her to rest for a week.

她的医生嘱咐她要休息一周。

P

pay (paid, paid) 付钱;支付

pay sb sth:

He paid me $5 to cut the grass.

他付给我五美元割草。

pay for sth:

It’s a great idea that you have to pay for plastic bags in some stores.

在一些商店付费买塑料袋是个不错的主意。

pay sth for sth:

How much did the girl pay for the sweater?

那个女孩买这件毛衣花了多少钱?

I paid $500 for the camera.

我买这部相机花了500美元。

pay sb for (doing) sth:

Did Linda pay you for looking after her baby?

琳达付给你看孩子的钱了吗?

● pay back 偿还;报答

● pay off 还清 (欠债等);取得成功;得到好结果

plan 计划;打算

plan to do sth:

We plan to pick fruit and vegetables in the fields.

我们打算下地采摘水果和挖些蔬菜。

point 指向;瞄准

point at / to / towards sb / sth:

He lifted one hand and pointed at a picture of the mountain.

他抬起一只手,指向一幅山的图画。

point sth at sb / sth:

He lifted up the gun and pointed it at the bear.

他举起枪,瞄准了那只熊。

● point out 把……指出来 (给看);指出;指明

practice 练习

practice doing sth:

They often practice reading at school on Friday afternoon.

星期五下午,他们常常在学校练习阅读。

praise 表扬;称赞

praise sb / sth for (doing) sth:

He praised Yang for his hard work.

他称赞了杨的勤奋。

prefer 更喜欢;更愿意

prefer to do / doing sth:

Do you prefer to read stories?

你更喜欢读故事吗?

Do you prefer writing a report on paper or on the computer?

你更喜欢在纸上还是在电脑上写报告?

prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth:

I prefer classical music to pop music.

与流行音乐相比,我更喜欢古典音乐。

They preferred watching TV to reading a book.

他们喜欢看电视甚于读书。

prefer sb / sth to do sth:

I’d prefer you to start early.

我更希望你早点出发。

prepare (作) 准备;(把……) 准备好;(为……作) 准备;做(饭)

prepare (sb / sth) for sb / sth:

I have to prepare for my coming exam.

我得为即将到来的考试作准备。

prepare to do sth:

Kevin’s family are preparing to go on holiday.

凯文一家正准备去度假。

pretend 假装;装作

pretend to do sth:

He pretended to be interested in everything she did.

他假装对她做的一切都感兴趣。

prevent 阻止;防止

prevent sb / sth (from) doing sth:

Visitors should be prevented (from) walking on the grass.

应禁止游客踩踏草地。

promise 许诺;保证;答应

promise to do sth:

He promised to pick me up at the school gate.

他答应在学校门口接我。

promise (sb) + (that) 从句:

I promise I will try my best in my study.

我保证会在学习中尽自己最大的努力。

promise sb sth / promise sth to sb:

He promised his son a toy plane. / He promised a toy plane to his son.

他答应要给儿子一架玩具飞机。

protect 保护;防护

protect (sb / sth) against sth:

The government has to make more efforts to protect the city against pollution.

政府不得不做出更多的努力来保护城市免于污染。

protect sb / sth from (doing) sth:

Wear a hat to protect yourself from the sun.

戴一顶帽子来防晒。

prove 证实;证明

prove (to be) + adj / n:

He proved (to be) an honest friend.

事实表明他是一个诚实的朋友。

provide 提供;供应

provide sth for sb:

The school can provide all kinds of food for the students.

这所学校可以给学生提供各种食物。

provide sb with sth:

Could you provide me with information about exchange student programs?

你能提供给我一些有关交换生计划的信息吗?

● provide for 抚养;供养

punish 惩罚

punish sb for (doing) sth:

The naughty boy is always punished by his mother for his bad behavior.

这个淘气的男孩总是因为自己的不良行为而受到母亲的惩罚。

push 推;敦促;逼迫

push sb to do sth:

A bad guide pushes you to shop here and there.

不良导游会强迫你到处购物。

push sb into (doing) sth:

My father never pushed me into playing Ping-Pong.

我父亲从来没有逼我去打乒乓球。

● push on 继续前进;继续 (做某事)

● push over 推倒

put (put, put) 放;放置;写上;说;表达

● put aside 把…放在一边;把…撇开不理

● put away 把…收起 (放回原处);放好

● put back 把…放回原处

● put down 放下;写下;记下

● put forward 提出 (建议等)

● put into 把…投入;(使) 进入… (状态)

● put off 推迟;延期

● put on 穿上;戴上;增加;上演 (戏剧等)

● put out 熄灭;扑灭;伸出

● put up 举起;抬起;张贴 (布告、相片等);建造 (房屋等);搭建

● put up with 忍受;容忍

R

realise / realize 意识到;实现

realize + (that) / wh- 从句:

Suddenly, I realized (that) I had made a mistake.

突然,我意识到自己犯了个错误。

receive 收到

receive sth from sb / sth:

We received a warm welcome from our host.

我们受到主人的热烈欢迎。

refuse 拒绝

refuse to do sth:

He never won a match, but he refused to give up.

他从未赢过一场比赛,但他拒绝放弃。

regret 后悔;遗憾;抱歉

regret doing sth:

I regretted doing such a silly thing.

我后悔做了这样的蠢事。

regret to say / tell ...:

I regret to tell you that you didn’t pass the exam.

很遗憾地告诉你,你没通过考试。

remember 记得;记住;想起;纪念

remember doing sth 记得曾做过某事:

I remember meeting her at a party once.

我记得曾经在一次聚会上遇见过她。

remember to do sth 记着要做某事:

When you are in trouble, remember to ask for help.

遇到困难时,记着要求助。

● be remembered for 因……而著名

report 报告;报道

report (sb / sth) doing sth:

Some people reported seeing the boy.

有些人报告说见过那个男孩。

it is reported that ...:

据报道下周日将有大雨。

require 需要;要求

require doing / to be done:

Most house plants require watering / to be watered regularly.

大部分室内植物需要定期浇水。

require sb to do sth:

You can require yourself to be nice to others, but you shouldn’t expect the same from others.

你可以要求自己善待他人,但你不应该期望别人也这么做。

require + that ... (should) do sth:

School rules require that students (should) wear school uniforms at school.

校规要求学生在校期间穿校服。

result 发生;导致

● result from 因……发生;随……产生

● result in 造成;导致

S

search 搜寻;搜查;搜索

search (sth) for:

Lots of Chinese search for work in the cities.

许多中国人在城市里找工作。

see (saw, seen) 看见;看到

see sb / sth + adj :

I never saw him angry.

我从没见过他生气。

see sb / sth do sth:

In our school dining hall, I often see students waste food.

在我们学校的餐厅里,我经常看到学生浪费食物。

see sb / sth doing sth:

I could see smoke rising up.

我能看到烟正冒出来。

see sb / sth done:

We don’t want to see snakes killed.

我们不想看到蛇被杀死。

seem 好像;似乎

seem (to be) + adj / n :

She seemed (to be) smart.

她似乎很聪明。

seem like:

It seemed like a good idea.

这主意好像不错。

it seems + as if / though 从句:

It seems as if it is / was going to rain.

看起来要下雨了。

it seems (to sb) + (that) 从句:

It seemed (to Peter) that losing weight was difficult.

(对皮特来说,) 减肥似乎很困难。

seem to do sth:

His bright musical life seemed to end.

他光辉的音乐生涯似乎要结束了。

sell (sold, sold) 卖;出售

sell sb sth / sell sth to sb:

He sold James his car. / He sold his car to James.

他把车卖给了詹姆斯。

● sell sth for 以…… (的价格) 出售某物

● sell out / be sold out 售完

send (sent, sent) 邮寄;发送;打发;送往

send sb sth / send sth to sb:

I’ll send you a photo of him. / I’ll send a photo of him to you.

我会把他的照片发给你。

send sb to some place:

The woman became very ill, so she was sent to hospital.

这位女士病得很重,因此被送进了医院。

send sb to do sth:

We can send more teachers to help the African people.

我们可以派更多的老师去帮助非洲人。

● send away 解雇;把…打发走

● send for 派人去叫

● send out 发出 (光、信号、声音等);送出

set (set, set) 放;摆放;使处于;设置;树立

● set a new world record 创造一项新的世界纪录

● set about (doing) sth 开始 (做) 某事;着手 (做) 某事

● set aside 留出

● set down 记下;放下

● set off 出发;动身

● set out 出发;动身

● set up 设立;建立;创建

speak 说 (话);讲 (话);演讲;发言

speak to sb about sth

I haven’t spoken to Jane about all this.

这一切我还没跟简谈过。

speak with sb

When you speak with people from other countries, try to understand and respect their body language.

当你和来自其他国家的人说话时,尽量理解并尊重他们的身势语。

● speak of 谈到;提及

● speak up 大声说

spend (spent, spent) 花费

spend ... on (doing) sth:

Don’t spend money on (buying) expensive clothes.

不要把钱花在昂贵的衣服上。

spend ... on sth:

You should spend more time on your study.

你应该把更多的时间花在学习上。

spend ... (in) doing sth:

That way, Grant could spend more time playing basketball.

那样以来,格兰特就能多花点时间打篮球。

start 开始

start to do sth:

I will start to learn Tai Chi and never stop in halfway.

我要开始学习太极拳,绝不会半途而废的。

start doing sth:

It’s never too late to start reading.

什么时候开始读书都不会太晚。

stop 停止

stop doing sth:

Please stop smoking now!

现在就请停止吸烟吧!

stop to do sth:

The garden is so beautiful that people want to stop to see it.

花园太漂亮了,人们都想停下来观赏。

stop sb / sth (from) doing sth:

We must do something to stop our earth (from) warming.

我们必须做些事情来阻止地球变暖。

suggest 建议;提出;表明;暗示

suggest doing sth:

I suggest buying her a Teddy Bear for her birthday.

我提议给她买个泰迪熊作为生日礼物。

suggest (that) sb (should) do sth:

The doctor suggests he take  medicine three times a day.

医生建议他一天三次服药。

 it is suggested that sb (should) do sth:

It is suggested that students (should) do more reading and writing.

建议学生们应该多读、多写。

suggest + (that) 从句:

All the facts suggest that he stole the money.

所有事实都表明是他偷了钱。

support 支持

support sb in (doing) sth:

His sister suppor ted him in his university study.

姐姐支持他上大学。

suppose 认为;猜想;假定

(be) supposed to be / to do sth

应该;理应:

We’re supposed to get along well and help each other.

我们应该友好相处、互相帮助。

被认为;被当作:

April Fool’s Day is supposed to be a day to play jokes on others.

愚人节被认为是开别人玩笑的一天。

T

take (took, taken) 带走;拿走;带着;花费

take sb / sth with sb:

The visitor takes some food with him when he leaves.

这个游客走的时候随身带了些食物。

take sb sth / take sth to sb:

Shall I take my host family a gift? / Shall I take a gift to my host family?

我给要寄宿的家庭带件礼物好吗?

take sb / sth to sth:

The mother took the kid to the park.

那位母亲带孩子去了公园。

take sb to do sth:

Let me take you to see the doctor.

我带你去看医生吧。

it takes (sb) sth to do sth

It took me five hours to get back home.

我回家用了5个小时。

● take sb’s advice 接受某人的建议

● take a test 参加考试

● take the medicine 服药

● take a bus / plane 乘公共汽车 / 坐飞机

● take notes / a photo 记笔记 / 照相

● take a bath / walk 洗澡 / 散步

● take a look at 看一看,看一眼

● take a rest 歇一会儿

● take after (外貌或行为等) 像 (长辈)

● take apart 拆开

● take away 拿走;带走;买外卖食物

● take down 拆除;写下

● take in 吸入

● take off 脱下 (衣、帽等);(飞机等) 起飞

● take on 接受 (工作)

● take out 把…带出去

● take up 开始 (从事);占用

talk 谈话;交谈;谈

talk (to / with sb) (about sb / sth):

It’s necessary for us to talk to our parents when we have problems.

当我们遇到麻烦时,有必要跟父母谈一谈。

British people often begin their conversations by talking about the weather.

英国人经常以谈论天气开始他们的谈话。

● talk back (to sb) 顶嘴;回嘴

teach (taught, taught) 教;教授;教育

teach sb sth / teach sth to sb:

She has made some friends who can teach her Chinese / teach Chinese to her.

她交了些能教她学汉语的朋友。

teach sb about sth:

The book teaches you about student teacher relationship.

这本书教你有关师生关系的知识。

teach sb (how) to do sth:

She taught me to read and write when I was young.

我小的时候她教我读书写字。

teach sb to do sth:

Our parents often teach us to behave at dinner table.

我们的父母经常教育我们在餐桌上要表现得有礼貌。

tell (told, told) 告诉;讲述;命令;吩咐

tell sb sth / tell sth to sb:

Tell me the address, please. / Tell the address to me, please.

请把地址告诉我。

tell sb about sth:

He never told his parents about his headaches.

他从未跟父母谈起过他头痛。

tell sb to do sth:

My parents often tell me to behave well.

我父母经常嘱咐我要守规矩。

tell sb + wh- to do sth:

They don’t like to be told what to do!

他们不喜欢被命令该做什么!

thank 感谢

thank sb for (doing) sth:

Thank you for lending me the dictionary.

谢谢你借给我词典。

think (thought, thought) 认为;思考;想

● think about 思考;考虑:

● think of 考虑;关心;想出;想起

● think of ... as ... 把……看作……;认为……是……

● think over 仔细考虑

● think up 想出

try 试;尝试;试图

try to do sth:

Whatever the boy had to do, he tried to do his best.

那个男孩不论要做什么,他都会尽全力去做。

try doing sth:

John isn’t here. Try phoning his home number.

约翰不在这儿,打他家里的电话试试。

(try doing sth 一般表示“尝试做某事”,含有试试看的意味;try to do sth 则表示“努力做某事”。)

● try on 试穿

● try one’s best (to do sth) 尽最大努力(做某事)

● try out 试验

turn 转 (身);转动;转弯;(使) 转向;(使) 变成;(使) 变为

turn + adj / n :

Stop your car when the traffic lights turn yellow.

交通信号灯变黄时要停车。

turn sth + adj :

The snow turns the whole world white.

雪把整个世界都变白了。

● turn around 转身;转变

● turn away 把…转过去

● turn back (使) 往回走

● turn down 关小;调低 (音量等)

● turn into (使) 变成;(使) 成为

● turn off 关 (水、煤气、电灯等)

● turn on 开 (水、煤气、电灯等)

● turn out 原来 (是);证明 (是);结果 (是)

● turn over (使) 翻转;翻过 (书页)

● turn to 求助于;转向

● turn up 开大 (声音等);出现

U-W

use 使用;利用;运用

use sth for (doing) / as sth:

What do you use it for?

你用它来做什么?

The rubber could be used as erasers.

橡胶可以用作橡皮。

use sth to do sth:

Wood can be used to make fire.

木材能被用来生火。

● use up 用光;耗尽

wait 等待;期待

wait for sb / sth:

Don’t cut in line when you wait for the bus at the bus stop.

在公交车站等车时,不要插队。

wait to do sth:

Are you waiting to use the computer?

你在等着用电脑吗?

wait for sb / sth to do sth:

I’m waiting for my mum to have dinner.

我正在等妈妈吃饭。

● can’t wait (to do sth) 等不及 (做某事)

● wait a minute / moment / second 等一下

● wait and see [用于叫某人耐心等待事情的结果] 等着瞧

want 要;想要

want to do sth:

What do you want to be when you  grow up?

你长大了想做什么?

want sb / sth to do sth:

Mr Wu wants me to give a talk in class tomorrow.

吴老师想让我明天在课上作一个报告。

warn 警告;提醒;告诫

warn (sb) about / of sth:

She warned us about / of the danger.

她提醒我们要当心危险。

warn (sb) against (doing) sth:

The doctor warned the patient against smoking.

医生告诫这个病人不要吸烟。

warn sb to do sth:

Our school warns us not to play on the road.

学校提醒我们不要在马路上玩耍。

waste 浪费;损耗

waste sth on sb / sth:

Have you been wasting time on computer games?

你一直在浪费时间玩电脑游戏吗?

waste sth (in) doing sth:

Do not waste life lying in bed on Sunday mornings.

星期日早上不要躺在床上浪费生命。

watch 看;注视

watch sb / sth do / doing sth:

They watched the bus disappear into the distance.

他们注视着公共汽车消失在远方。

watch sb / sth done:

She watched the wounded soldier carried out of the house.

她看着那个受伤的士兵被抬出了房子。

wish 想;希望;祝愿

wish to do sth:

Some children wish to become actors, singers or police officers.

有些孩子想成为演员、歌手或者警官。

wish sb to do sth:

Why don’t you wish her to accept the job?

你为什么不希望她接受这个工作呢?

wish sb sth:

I wish you every success.

祝你一切成功。

wonder 对……感到惊讶;想知道

wondered about / at sth:

He wondered about / at her answer.

他对她的回答感到很惊讶。

wonder + wh- 从句:

I always wonder what life would be like without computers or mobile phones.

我总是想知道,如果没有电脑和手机,生活会是什么样子。

I wonder / was wondering if / whether ... [礼貌的请求] (我) 不知是否:

I wonder if you can help me.

不知你是否能帮我。

worry (使) 担心;(使)忧虑

worry about / over sth:

There’s no need to worry about it.

没必要为此担心。

write (wrote, written) 写;书写;写信

write ... about /on

Please write about your best friend.

请描写一下你最好的朋友。

write (to) sb:

Don’t forget to write (to) me.

别忘了给我写信。

write sth to sb / write sb sth:

I think we should write a letter to the headmaster about the problems.

我认为我们应该就这些问题给校长写封信。

● write back 回信

● write down 写下;记下

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