最常见的重点动词用法与搭配汇总
A
advise 劝告;建议
advise sb to do sth:
The doctor advised me to rest for a few days.
医生建议我休息几天。
advise doing sth:
I strongly advise buying the ticket at once.
我强烈建议立刻买票。
allow 允许
allow sb / sth to do sth:
People aren’t allowed to eat food on the underground in Nanjing.
在南京,地铁上禁止人们吃东西。
allow sb sth:
My father allows himself three cigarettes a day.
我爸爸给自己规定,一天抽三根烟。
ask 询问;要求;请求
ask sb sth:
They see a lady. They ask her the way.
他们看见一位女士,向她问路。
ask (sb) about sth:
They call me about twice a month to ask about my study.
他们每个月给我打两次电话来询问我的学习情况。
ask (sb) to do sth:
Kate asks her father to stop smoking.
凯特让她的父亲戒烟。
ask (sb) for sth:
Now I am writing to ask you for help.
我现在写信请你帮忙。
agree 同意;赞同
agree to do sth:
Mum and Dad have agreed to have a party at home.
妈妈和爸爸已经同意在家里举办一次聚会。
● agree on 对……达成一致
● agree to 赞同;赞成
● agree with 同意;赞同
B
begin (began, begun) 开始;开始进行;开始出现
begin doing / to do sth:
Bill began learning / to learn to play the piano at the age of five.
比尔五岁时开始学习弹钢琴。
● to begin with 首先;第一
believe 相信
it is believed + (that) 从句:
It is believed that the Internet has both advantages and disadvantages.
人们认为互联网有利也有弊。
believe ... to be sth:
She was believed to be the first H7N9 patient in China.
她被认为是中国首例H7N9患者。
● believe in sb / sth 信任某人 / 相信某事物的存在
● believe it or not 信不信由你
borrow 借;借入
borrow sth from sb:
I borrowed some interesting books from my friend.
我从朋友那里借了一些有趣的书。
break (broke, broken) 破碎,坏掉,打破,违反
● break away (from) 离开 (……);脱离 (……)
● break down (汽车、机器等) 出故障;垮掉;打破;消除;分解
● break into 强行闯入;突然……起来
● break off (使) 折断;中断
● break out (火灾、战争等) 爆发
● break up (使) 破碎;(使) 破裂
bring 带来;拿来
bring sb / sth with sb:
Don’t forget to bring an umbrella with you.
别忘了随身带把伞。
bring sb sth / bring sth for sb:
Sports can bring us friends. / Sports can bring friends for us.
体育运动能让我们交到朋友。
bring sb / sth to sth / sb:
Can I bring a friend to your birthday party?
我能带个朋友去参加你的生日聚会吗?
● bring about 引起;造成
● bring along 带来;带上
● bring back 把…带回来;使回忆起;使恢复
● bring in 引入;赚得
● bring out 把……拿出来;使表现出
● bring up 抚养;养育;提出 (供讨论等)
buy (bought, bought) 买;购买
buy sb sth:
I must buy myself a new sweater.
我必须给自己买件新毛衣。
buy sth for sb / sth:
I want to buy a red rose for my mother.
我想给我妈妈买一枝红玫瑰。
C
call 打电话;命名
● call back 回电话
● call off 取消
● call on / upon 号召;要求
● call up 打电话给
care 在意;关心
care about sth:
As a student, it’s very important to care about what we do in public.
作为一名学生,注意我们在公共场合的行为很重要。
care about sb:
He taught me to care about other people.
他教我关心别人。
● care for 照顾;照料
catch (caught, caught) 抓住;捕捉;赶上;感染上;领会
● be / get caught in 处于困境;遭遇
● catch a cold 感冒
● catch sb’s attention / eye 引起某人的注意
● catch up (with) 赶上;追上
change 改变;更换
change (from sth) to / into sth:
The traffic light has changed (from red) to green.
交通信号灯 (由红) 变绿了。
change sb / sth into / to sth:
It only takes less than 30 seconds to change a car into a plane.
把汽车变成飞机只需不到30秒钟的时间。
change sth with sb:
Can I change seats with you?
我可以和您换下座位吗?
change sb / sth (for sb / sth):
This shirt is too small. I’ll have to change it for a bigger one.
这件衬衫太小了,我得换一件大点的。
choose (chose, chosen) 选择;挑选
choose (sb) to do sth:
Half of the students choose to go to big cities.
一半的学生选择去大城市。
choose sb as / for / to be:
They chose Roy as / for / to be monitor.
他们选了罗伊当班长。
come (came, come) 来;来到;到来;达到;处于
come to do sth:
Many people came to watch the birds.
许多人前来看鸟。
● come across 偶然遇到;碰见
● come along 跟着来;出现
● come back 回来
● come by 顺路拜访
● come down 下来;下降
● come down with 染上
● come from 出生于;来自;产自
● come in 进来
● come on 快点;加油
● come out 出版;发行
● come out of 从……出来
● come over 来访;拜访
● come up (to sb) 走近 (某人);靠近 (某人)
● come up with 想出;提出
● when it comes to (doing) sth 在某方面;说到 (做) 某事
compare 对比;比较
compare A to / with B 把A同B作比较:
Compared with / to Fetion, WeChat is more popular now.
与飞信相比,现在微信更受欢迎。
consider 考虑;认为
consider doing sth:
Have you ever considered studying abroad?
你考虑过出国留学吗?
consider sb / sth (as / to be) sb / sth / adj :
He is considered (to be) one of the greatest writers in American history.
他被认为是美国历史上最伟大的作家之一。
consider it + adj / n + to do sth:
Arabs consider it very bad manners to eat with left hands.
阿拉伯人认为用左手吃饭很不礼貌。
continue 继续;持续;延续
continue doing / to do sth:
If we continue making too much rubbish, the problem will only get worse.
如果我们继续制造太多的垃圾,问题只会变得更严重。
She continued to work after her long vacation.
长假过后她又继续工作了。
cost (cost, cost) 价钱为;(使) 花费
cost (sb) sth:
The dictionary didn’t cost me much money.
这本字典没花我很多钱。
cost sth to do sth:
It costs 20 yuan to enter the swimming pool.
进入游泳池要花费20元。
cut (cut, cut) 切;割;剪;砍;割伤;剪短;削减;减少
● cut down 砍倒;减少;缩减
● cut in line 插队
● cut off 切掉;切断
● cut out 剪下;(从文字作品、文章中)删掉;剪出
● cut up 切碎;割碎
D
decide 决定;选定
decide to do sth:
He decided to be a firefighter.
他决定当一名消防员。
● decide on / upon 决定;选定
depend 依靠;依赖;取决于
depend on 依靠;依赖;由……决定;取决于
Your success depends on how hard you work at your lessons.
你的成功取决于你学习的努力程度。
It / That (all) depends. 那得看情况。
— How long are you staying? 你打算待多久?
— I don’t know. It depends. 我不知道,那得看情况。
discuss 讨论;商议
discuss sth with sb
Discuss the questions with your partner.
与你的搭档讨论这些问题。
dream (dreamed / dreamt, dreamed / dreamt) 做梦;梦想
dream about / of sb / sth:
I dreamed of / about him last night.
我昨晚梦见他了。
dream about / of (doing) sth:
He always dreamed of becoming a police officer.
他一直梦想成为一名警官。
dress (给……) 穿衣服;穿……的衣服
dress sb (in sth):
Can you dress the babies for me?
你能替我给孩子们穿衣服吗?
● get dressed 穿好衣服
● dress up (给……) 穿上盛装;(给……) 乔装打扮
E
educate 教育;教导;培养
educate sb to do sth:
The first Earth Day was celebrated in 1970 to educate us to protect our planet.
为了教育大家保护我们的星球,1970年庆祝了第一个地球日。
encourage 鼓励
encourage sb to do sth:
Mr Wang always encourages us to speak English in class.
王老师总是鼓励我们课上说英语。
enjoy 喜欢;享受
enjoy doing sth:
Kids there really enjoy playing football.
那里的孩子真的喜欢踢足球。
● enjoy oneself 过得开心;玩得愉快
expect 预料;期望;指望
expect (sb / sth) to do sth:
You can’t expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.
你不要指望在几个月内就能学会一门外语。
explain 解释
explain (sth) to sb:
The teacher kept explaining the use of the idiom to me until I understood it.
老师一直给我解释这个习语的用法,直到我弄懂为止。
explain (to sb) + wh- to do:
I can explain how to do it.
我可以解释怎么做。
● explain oneself 说明自己的意思;为自己的行为解释
F
fail 失败;不能;未能
fail to do sth:
He looks so different that they fail to recognise him.
他看上去大不一样,结果他们没认出他来。
fear 害怕;畏惧
fear to do / doing sth:
My daughter fears to speak in public.
我女儿害怕在公共场合讲话。
She fears walking alone at night.
她不敢在夜间独自行走。
feel (felt, felt) 感觉到;认为
feel sb / sth doing sth:
I felt a hand touching my shoulder.
我感到有只手在触摸我的肩膀。
feel sb / sth do sth:
I suddenly felt something brush against my arm.
我突然感觉到有东西在挠我的胳膊。
feel it ... to do sth:
I feel it necessary to tell her about it.
我认为有必要把这件事告诉她。
● feel like (doing) sth 想要某物;想做某事
● feel at home 感觉自在;无拘束
find (found, found) 找到;找回;发现;认为
find sb sth / find sth for sb:
Can you find me my bag? / Can you find my bag for me?
你能帮我找回包吗?
find sb / sth doing sth:
It is quite common to find her reading the newspaper.
人们经常看到她在读报。
find sb / sth + adj / adv / prep:
In Singapore, you’ll find a lot of food from China.
在新加坡,你会发现很多来自中国的食品。
find sth + adj / n:
I enjoy learning English and find grammar quite easy.
我喜欢学英语,并且认为语法非常简单。
find it + adj / n (to do sth):
I find it hard to speak English.
我觉得讲英语很难。
find out 查明;弄清 (情况)
① find out + wh- to do
② find out + (that) / wh-从句
finish 结束;完成
finish doing sth:
I finished cleaning the living room.
我打扫完客厅了。
fit (fitted / fit, fitted / fit) 适合
fit in (with) 适合;(与……) 合得来;适应:
I’m a new student in this school. I couldn’t fit in well.
我是这个学校的新生,还不是很适应。
force 强迫;迫使
force sb to do sth:
You cannot force him to do what he does not want to do.
你不能强迫他去做他不想做的事。
focus 集中;聚焦
focus (...) on / upon 集中 (……) 于;聚焦 (……) 于:
Please calm down and focus (your attention) on the test paper.
请平静下来,把注意力集中在试卷上。
forget (forgot, forgotten) 忘记
forget doing sth 忘记做过某事:
I forgot telling her the news.
我忘了曾告诉过她这个消息。
forget to do sth 忘记要做某事:
Don’t forget to send the emails this evening.
不要忘记今晚把电子邮件发出去。
G
get (got, got / gotten) 得到;带来;到达;变得;说服;开始;渐渐
get sb / sth doing sth:
Can you really get that old car going again?
你真能让那辆旧车再跑起来吗?
get sb / sth to do sth:
I got him to change his idea.
我说服他改变了主意。
get sth done:
I’ll go and get my hair cut.
我打算去理发。
get sth + adj :
He got his clothes wet.
他把衣服弄湿了。
get doing sth:
He got talking to a woman on the bus.
他在公共汽车上跟一位女士攀谈起来。
get to do sth:
After a while, I got to like him.
过了一会儿,我开始喜欢他了。
● get along / on (with) (与……) 相处融洽;进展
● get away (from) 离开;摆脱
● get back 回来;返回;取回
● get down (从……) 下来
● get in 进入;(飞机、火车等) 抵达
● get into 进入;陷入;养成 (习惯)
● get off 下车;脱下 (衣服等)
● get on 上车 / 马
● get out (of) (从……) 出去;离开;摆脱
● get over 越过 (墙等);克服 (困难等)
● get through 通过;(电话) 打通
● get together 聚集;相聚一处
● get up 起床;起立
give (gave, given) 给;递给;赠予
give sb sth / give sth to sb:
I give my friends the red rose. / I give the red rose to my friends.
我把红玫瑰给我的朋友们。
give sb sth / give sth to sb:
Can you give me some advice? / Can you give some advice to me?
你能给我一些建议吗?
● give a smile / shout / kiss / hug 微笑 / 大喊 / 亲吻 / 拥抱
● give a call 打个电话
● give a talk / speech 发表演讲
● give a party / concert 举办聚会 / 音乐会
● give away 送掉;赠送;泄露
● give back 归还
● give in 让步;屈服
● give off 发出 (气味、光、热等)
● give out 分发
● give up (doing sth) 放弃 (做某事)
go (went, gone) 走;做
● be going to do sth
I’m going to study science.
我打算学理科。
I think it’s going to rain.
我想,要下雨了。
● go on
What is going on here?
这里发生了什么事?
The concert went on for hours.
音乐会进行了几个小时。
① go on with sth:
He must go on with his studies.
他必须继续他的学业。
② go on doing sth:
He was too tired to go on working.
他太累了,不能继续工作。
③ go on to do sth:
After climbing the Great Wall, they went on to visit the Summer Palace.
爬完长城后,他们接着去参观了颐和园。
● go about 从事;忙于;开始做
● go after 跟随 (follow);追赶
● go against 违反;违背
● go ahead 开始做 / 进行;[用于祈使句] 请吧;说吧;做吧
● go around / round 四处走动
● go away 走开;离开;外出
● go back (to) 回去
● go by 过去;走过
● go down 下去;下落;下降
● go for 努力获取
● go in for 参加;从事
● go off 离去;发出声响;爆炸;(机器或设备) 停止运转
● go out 出去;外出;(灯火等) 熄灭
● go over 仔细检查;温习
● go through 穿过;经历;通过;仔细检查
● go up (温度、价格等) 上升;增长
● go with 陪……一起去;与……相配
● go without 没有……也行
● go wrong 出毛病;失败
H
happen (尤指不愉快的事) 发生;碰巧
happen to do sth:
Later that day, I happened to pass Jeff in the dining room.
那天晚些时候,我在餐厅碰巧从杰夫身边走过。
happen to sb / sth:
A few days ago, something very bad happened to my friend Lily.
几天前,我的朋友莉莉遇上了件倒霉事。
it (so) happens that / as it happens:
It so happened that I had no money on me. / As it happened, I had no money on me.
碰巧我身上没带钱。
hate 讨厌;憎恨
hate doing / to do sth:
I hate to waste food.
我讨厌浪费食物。
hate sb to do / doing sth:
Jenny’s mother hates her to stay / staying out late.
珍妮的母亲不喜欢她在外面待得太晚。
hear (heard, heard) 听见
hear sb / sth do sth:
I often hear her sing in the next room.
我经常听到她在隔壁唱歌。
be heard to do sth:
She was heard to go out. (× She was heard go out.)
有人听见她出去了。
hear sb / sth doing sth:
I can hear the river flowing.
我能听见河里的流水声。
hear sb / sth done:
He heard his name called.
他听到有人叫自己的名字。
● hear about 听说 (……的情况)
● hear from 接到……的来信 / 电话;得到……的消息
● hear of 听说;得知
help 帮助;帮忙
help (sb) with sth:
I’m going to help with the housework.
我打算帮忙做家务。
help (to) do sth:
She helped (to) organize the party.
她协助筹备了这次聚会。
help sb (to) do sth:
She helped me (to) improve my English.
她帮助我提高英语水平。
● cannot help (doing) sth / cannot help but do sth 忍不住做某事
● help oneself (to) 自用 (食物等);擅自取用 (……)
● help (sb) out 帮助 (某人) 克服困难;帮 (某人) 一把
hope 希望
hope for sth:
Hope for the best, but prepare for the worst.
抱最好的希望,做最坏的打算。
hope to do sth:
I hope to join you next time.
我希望下次能加入你们。
hurry 赶紧;匆忙
hurry to do sth:
Don’t hurry to make a conclusion.
别急着下结论。
● hurry up 快点;赶快
I-J
imagine 想象;设想
imagine (sb) doing sth:
We can’t imagine living without the Web.
我们无法想象没有网络的生活。
impress 给……留下深刻的印象
impress sb with / by sth:
We were very impressed by your work.
你的工作给我们留下了深刻的印象。
introduce 介绍;引进
introduce sb / sth (to sb):
I will certainly introduce him to you.
我一定把他介绍给你认识。
introduce sth (to / into sth):
Coca-Cola introduced its soft drink to China.
可口可乐公司把软饮料引进中国。
invite 邀请
invite sb to sth:
He invited us to his wedding.
他邀请我们参加他的婚礼。
invite sb to do sth:
At the end of the term, Rose was invited to give us a speech.
期末的时候,罗斯受邀给我们作了一场演讲。
join 参加;加入;连接
参加;加入
join sb (for sth):
Would you like to join us for dinner?
你想和我们一起吃晚饭吗?
join sb in doing sth:
Susan, go and join your sister in cleaning the yard.
苏珊,去和你姐姐一起打扫院子。
join sb to do sth:
Join us to celebrate Lily’s 8th birthday.
和我们一起庆祝莉莉的八岁生日吧。
● join in 参加 (比赛、活动等)
join sth with sth
Now join the sentences with “and then”.
现在用“and then”把句子连起来。
K
keep (kept, kept) (使) 保持
keep (sb / sth) + adj / adv / prep :
What can we do to keep fit?
我们能做些什么来保持健康呢?
keep (sb / sth) doing sth:
I’m sorry to keep you waiting for so long.
对不起,让你久等了。
● keep on (doing sth) 持续 (做某事)
● keep sb / sth from (doing) sth 阻止某人 / 某物 (做) 某事
● keep (...) away from (使……) 远离
● keep ... out (of) 遮挡;使……不进入
● keep off 避开;(使) 不接近
● keep going 尽力维持下去;坚持 (活)下去
● keep up 保持;继续
● keep up with 跟上
● keep a secret 保守秘密
● keep a pet dog 养了一只宠物狗
● keep a diary 写日记
know (knew, known)知道;懂得
know + wh- to do sth:
I don’t know how to increase my reading speed.
我不知道如何提高阅读速度。
it is known + that 从句:
It is well known that smoking is harmful to people’s health.
众所周知,吸烟有害健康。
● be known as 以……而出名;被称作;被认为 (be famous as)
● be known for 因……而闻名 (be famous for)
● be known to 为……所熟知
● know about 了解
● know of 知道;听说
L
lead (led, led) 指引;导致
lead sb to:
His road will lead us to the Yellow River.
这条路会引领我们到达黄河。
lead to:
Small steps lead to big changes.
小步骤导致大变化。
lead sb to do sth:
An advertisement sometimes leads customers to buy something they don’t need at all.
广告有时导致顾客购买他们根本不需要的东西。
learn (learned / learnt, learned / learnt) 学习;学会;得知
learn (wh-) to do sth:
I want to learn to drive.
我想学开车。
learn + wh- 从句:
We’ll learn what we did not know.
我们将学到以前不知道的知识。
learn (sth) from:
I never learned anything from a match that I won. — Bobby Jones
我从未在自己赢过的比赛中学到过任何东西。 —— 鲍比·琼斯
learn about / of:
I learned about / of her arrival from a close friend.
我从一位好友那里得知她到了。
leave (left, left) 离开;出发;使处于;剩下;留下
leave for:
When will the woman leave for London? (× ... leave to London?)
那位女士什么时候启程去伦敦?
leave sb / sth doing sth:
My sister and I didn’t leave the tap running when we brushed our teeth.
刷牙时,我和姐姐从不让水龙头的水一直流着。
leave ... + done / adj / adv:
Leave the door open, please.
请让门开着。
● leave a message留个口信
● leave behind 把……丢在后面;留下;忘带
● leave out 遗漏;冷落
● (be) left over 剩下;留下
lend (lent, lent) 借出;把……借给
lend sb sth / lend sth to sb:
Could you lend me some money? / Could you lend some money to me?
你能借给我些钱吗?
● lend (sb) a hand 帮助 (某人)
let (let, let) [不用于被动语态] 让;允许
let sb / sth do sth:
Please let me know if you need any help.
如果你需要帮助,就告诉我。
let sb / sth + adv / prep :
Don’t let strangers in when you are alone at home.
当你一个人在家的时候,不要让陌生人进来。
● let’s do sth [用于提出建议] 咱们做某事吧
● let down 使失望;辜负
● let off 饶恕;放过
● let out 发出 (声音等)
like 喜欢;想要
like (sb) doing / to do sth:
I like playing tennis.
我喜欢打网球。
I like to watch action movies because they’re exciting.
我喜欢看功夫片,因为它们很刺激。
would like (sb) to do sth:
I’d like to go to the seaside. 我想去海边。
● How do you like ...? 你 (们) 认为……怎么样?
● I’d like to. [省略句,作答语用] 我愿意。
● if you like 如果你愿意
long 渴望;盼望
long for:
The children are longing for the holidays.
孩子们盼望着放假。
long (for sb) to do sth:
I long to see my family again.
我很想再见到我的家人。
lose (lost, lost) 丢失;丧失;失去
● lose one’s way 迷路;迷失方向
● lose oneself in 专心于;全神贯注于
● get lost 迷路
● (be) lost in 沉浸于;专注于
M
make (made, made) 制造;挣得;使
make sth for sb / make sb sth:
Who made lunch for the family? / Who made the family lunch?
谁给家人做的午饭?
make sb do sth:
Homework made me stay up late.
我做家庭作业熬夜到很晚。
make sb / sth done:
I try to make myself understood by others.
我尽量让别人理解我。
make sb / sth + adj / prep / n :
His dance music made him famous all over Europe.
他的舞曲使他享誉全欧洲。
● be made from / of 由……制造;用……为原料制取
(be made from通常指从制成品中看不出原料,而be made of 通常从成品中能看出原料。)
● make a bed 铺床;整理床铺
● make ... into 把……制 / 变成
● make it 做到;成功
● make out of 用……制造出
● make up 组成;编写;编造:
● make up for 弥补
manage 设法做成;努力完成
manage to do sth:
His father managed to repair the car all by himself.
他父亲设法自己把这辆汽车修理好了。
mean (meant, meant) 意味着;打算
mean (sb / sth) doing sth:
Protecting our environment means protecting ourselves.
保护环境就是保护我们自己。
mean (sb / sth) to do sth:
I didn’t mean to do it.
我不是有意这样做的。
(mean to do sth 意为“打算做某事”;mean doing sth 意为“意味着做某事”。)
mean sth to sb:
Your friendship means a great deal to me.
你的友谊对我来说意义重大。
mention 提及;说到
mention sth (to sb):
Could I ask if you’ve mentioned this to her?
我能问问你向她提起过这件事了吗?
mention + (that) 从句:
These teenagers mentioned (that) collecting things was something they liked to do in their spare time.
这些青少年提到,收集东西是他们业余时间喜欢做的事情。
● don’t mention it [答复别人道谢时的用语] 不用客气
mind 介意;在乎
mind (sb) doing sth:
Would you mind (me / my) opening the window?
你介意 (我) 打开窗户吗?
● never mind 不要紧;没关系
miss 错过;想念
miss doing sth:
I missed scoring a goal.
我射丢了一个球。
I will miss working with you.
我会想念跟你共事的时光。
move 移动;迁移;搬家;使感动
● move to 搬到……
● move about / around 四处走动;经常搬动
● move in 搬进新居 (move into sth)
● move on 继续前进
● move out 搬出去;迁出
N-O
need 需要;必需
need sth for sth:
I need a sweater for school.
我上学要穿一件毛衣。
need (sb) to do sth:
We need to care for our planet.
我们需要呵护我们的星球。
need doing / to be done:
My windows need cleaning. / My windows need to be cleaned.
我的窗户需要擦洗。
notice 注意 (到);察觉 (到)
notice sb do sth:
I notice adults cough in public without putting a hand over the mouth.
我注意到有些成年人在公共场合咳嗽时不用手挡住嘴。
notice sb doing sth:
He noticed some people making faces at him.
他注意到有一些人正在朝他做鬼脸。
offer (主动) 提出;提供
offer sb sth / offer sth to sb:
She offered me a cake.
她给了我一块蛋糕。
Offer your seat to someone who needs it.
请把座位让给需要的人。
offer to do sth:
I offered to do the cleaning for him.
我主动提出要替他打扫卫生。
open 打开
● open sb’s eyes 使某人长见识 / 开眼界 / 认清事实
● open up 展现;开发;开辟
order 命令;指示
order sb to do sth:
Her doctor has ordered her to rest for a week.
她的医生嘱咐她要休息一周。
P
pay (paid, paid) 付钱;支付
pay sb sth:
He paid me $5 to cut the grass.
他付给我五美元割草。
pay for sth:
It’s a great idea that you have to pay for plastic bags in some stores.
在一些商店付费买塑料袋是个不错的主意。
pay sth for sth:
How much did the girl pay for the sweater?
那个女孩买这件毛衣花了多少钱?
I paid $500 for the camera.
我买这部相机花了500美元。
pay sb for (doing) sth:
Did Linda pay you for looking after her baby?
琳达付给你看孩子的钱了吗?
● pay back 偿还;报答
● pay off 还清 (欠债等);取得成功;得到好结果
plan 计划;打算
plan to do sth:
We plan to pick fruit and vegetables in the fields.
我们打算下地采摘水果和挖些蔬菜。
point 指向;瞄准
point at / to / towards sb / sth:
He lifted one hand and pointed at a picture of the mountain.
他抬起一只手,指向一幅山的图画。
point sth at sb / sth:
He lifted up the gun and pointed it at the bear.
他举起枪,瞄准了那只熊。
● point out 把……指出来 (给看);指出;指明
practice 练习
practice doing sth:
They often practice reading at school on Friday afternoon.
星期五下午,他们常常在学校练习阅读。
praise 表扬;称赞
praise sb / sth for (doing) sth:
He praised Yang for his hard work.
他称赞了杨的勤奋。
prefer 更喜欢;更愿意
prefer to do / doing sth:
Do you prefer to read stories?
你更喜欢读故事吗?
Do you prefer writing a report on paper or on the computer?
你更喜欢在纸上还是在电脑上写报告?
prefer (doing) sth to (doing) sth:
I prefer classical music to pop music.
与流行音乐相比,我更喜欢古典音乐。
They preferred watching TV to reading a book.
他们喜欢看电视甚于读书。
prefer sb / sth to do sth:
I’d prefer you to start early.
我更希望你早点出发。
prepare (作) 准备;(把……) 准备好;(为……作) 准备;做(饭)
prepare (sb / sth) for sb / sth:
I have to prepare for my coming exam.
我得为即将到来的考试作准备。
prepare to do sth:
Kevin’s family are preparing to go on holiday.
凯文一家正准备去度假。
pretend 假装;装作
pretend to do sth:
He pretended to be interested in everything she did.
他假装对她做的一切都感兴趣。
prevent 阻止;防止
prevent sb / sth (from) doing sth:
Visitors should be prevented (from) walking on the grass.
应禁止游客踩踏草地。
promise 许诺;保证;答应
promise to do sth:
He promised to pick me up at the school gate.
他答应在学校门口接我。
promise (sb) + (that) 从句:
I promise I will try my best in my study.
我保证会在学习中尽自己最大的努力。
promise sb sth / promise sth to sb:
He promised his son a toy plane. / He promised a toy plane to his son.
他答应要给儿子一架玩具飞机。
protect 保护;防护
protect (sb / sth) against sth:
The government has to make more efforts to protect the city against pollution.
政府不得不做出更多的努力来保护城市免于污染。
protect sb / sth from (doing) sth:
Wear a hat to protect yourself from the sun.
戴一顶帽子来防晒。
prove 证实;证明
prove (to be) + adj / n:
He proved (to be) an honest friend.
事实表明他是一个诚实的朋友。
provide 提供;供应
provide sth for sb:
The school can provide all kinds of food for the students.
这所学校可以给学生提供各种食物。
provide sb with sth:
Could you provide me with information about exchange student programs?
你能提供给我一些有关交换生计划的信息吗?
● provide for 抚养;供养
punish 惩罚
punish sb for (doing) sth:
The naughty boy is always punished by his mother for his bad behavior.
这个淘气的男孩总是因为自己的不良行为而受到母亲的惩罚。
push 推;敦促;逼迫
push sb to do sth:
A bad guide pushes you to shop here and there.
不良导游会强迫你到处购物。
push sb into (doing) sth:
My father never pushed me into playing Ping-Pong.
我父亲从来没有逼我去打乒乓球。
● push on 继续前进;继续 (做某事)
● push over 推倒
put (put, put) 放;放置;写上;说;表达
● put aside 把…放在一边;把…撇开不理
● put away 把…收起 (放回原处);放好
● put back 把…放回原处
● put down 放下;写下;记下
● put forward 提出 (建议等)
● put into 把…投入;(使) 进入… (状态)
● put off 推迟;延期
● put on 穿上;戴上;增加;上演 (戏剧等)
● put out 熄灭;扑灭;伸出
● put up 举起;抬起;张贴 (布告、相片等);建造 (房屋等);搭建
● put up with 忍受;容忍
R
realise / realize 意识到;实现
realize + (that) / wh- 从句:
Suddenly, I realized (that) I had made a mistake.
突然,我意识到自己犯了个错误。
receive 收到
receive sth from sb / sth:
We received a warm welcome from our host.
我们受到主人的热烈欢迎。
refuse 拒绝
refuse to do sth:
He never won a match, but he refused to give up.
他从未赢过一场比赛,但他拒绝放弃。
regret 后悔;遗憾;抱歉
regret doing sth:
I regretted doing such a silly thing.
我后悔做了这样的蠢事。
regret to say / tell ...:
I regret to tell you that you didn’t pass the exam.
很遗憾地告诉你,你没通过考试。
remember 记得;记住;想起;纪念
remember doing sth 记得曾做过某事:
I remember meeting her at a party once.
我记得曾经在一次聚会上遇见过她。
remember to do sth 记着要做某事:
When you are in trouble, remember to ask for help.
遇到困难时,记着要求助。
● be remembered for 因……而著名
report 报告;报道
report (sb / sth) doing sth:
Some people reported seeing the boy.
有些人报告说见过那个男孩。
it is reported that ...:
据报道下周日将有大雨。
require 需要;要求
require doing / to be done:
Most house plants require watering / to be watered regularly.
大部分室内植物需要定期浇水。
require sb to do sth:
You can require yourself to be nice to others, but you shouldn’t expect the same from others.
你可以要求自己善待他人,但你不应该期望别人也这么做。
require + that ... (should) do sth:
School rules require that students (should) wear school uniforms at school.
校规要求学生在校期间穿校服。
result 发生;导致
● result from 因……发生;随……产生
● result in 造成;导致
S
search 搜寻;搜查;搜索
search (sth) for:
Lots of Chinese search for work in the cities.
许多中国人在城市里找工作。
see (saw, seen) 看见;看到
see sb / sth + adj :
I never saw him angry.
我从没见过他生气。
see sb / sth do sth:
In our school dining hall, I often see students waste food.
在我们学校的餐厅里,我经常看到学生浪费食物。
see sb / sth doing sth:
I could see smoke rising up.
我能看到烟正冒出来。
see sb / sth done:
We don’t want to see snakes killed.
我们不想看到蛇被杀死。
seem 好像;似乎
seem (to be) + adj / n :
She seemed (to be) smart.
她似乎很聪明。
seem like:
It seemed like a good idea.
这主意好像不错。
it seems + as if / though 从句:
It seems as if it is / was going to rain.
看起来要下雨了。
it seems (to sb) + (that) 从句:
It seemed (to Peter) that losing weight was difficult.
(对皮特来说,) 减肥似乎很困难。
seem to do sth:
His bright musical life seemed to end.
他光辉的音乐生涯似乎要结束了。
sell (sold, sold) 卖;出售
sell sb sth / sell sth to sb:
He sold James his car. / He sold his car to James.
他把车卖给了詹姆斯。
● sell sth for 以…… (的价格) 出售某物
● sell out / be sold out 售完
send (sent, sent) 邮寄;发送;打发;送往
send sb sth / send sth to sb:
I’ll send you a photo of him. / I’ll send a photo of him to you.
我会把他的照片发给你。
send sb to some place:
The woman became very ill, so she was sent to hospital.
这位女士病得很重,因此被送进了医院。
send sb to do sth:
We can send more teachers to help the African people.
我们可以派更多的老师去帮助非洲人。
● send away 解雇;把…打发走
● send for 派人去叫
● send out 发出 (光、信号、声音等);送出
set (set, set) 放;摆放;使处于;设置;树立
● set a new world record 创造一项新的世界纪录
● set about (doing) sth 开始 (做) 某事;着手 (做) 某事
● set aside 留出
● set down 记下;放下
● set off 出发;动身
● set out 出发;动身
● set up 设立;建立;创建
speak 说 (话);讲 (话);演讲;发言
speak to sb about sth
I haven’t spoken to Jane about all this.
这一切我还没跟简谈过。
speak with sb
When you speak with people from other countries, try to understand and respect their body language.
当你和来自其他国家的人说话时,尽量理解并尊重他们的身势语。
● speak of 谈到;提及
● speak up 大声说
spend (spent, spent) 花费
spend ... on (doing) sth:
Don’t spend money on (buying) expensive clothes.
不要把钱花在昂贵的衣服上。
spend ... on sth:
You should spend more time on your study.
你应该把更多的时间花在学习上。
spend ... (in) doing sth:
That way, Grant could spend more time playing basketball.
那样以来,格兰特就能多花点时间打篮球。
start 开始
start to do sth:
I will start to learn Tai Chi and never stop in halfway.
我要开始学习太极拳,绝不会半途而废的。
start doing sth:
It’s never too late to start reading.
什么时候开始读书都不会太晚。
stop 停止
stop doing sth:
Please stop smoking now!
现在就请停止吸烟吧!
stop to do sth:
The garden is so beautiful that people want to stop to see it.
花园太漂亮了,人们都想停下来观赏。
stop sb / sth (from) doing sth:
We must do something to stop our earth (from) warming.
我们必须做些事情来阻止地球变暖。
suggest 建议;提出;表明;暗示
suggest doing sth:
I suggest buying her a Teddy Bear for her birthday.
我提议给她买个泰迪熊作为生日礼物。
suggest (that) sb (should) do sth:
The doctor suggests he take medicine three times a day.
医生建议他一天三次服药。
it is suggested that sb (should) do sth:
It is suggested that students (should) do more reading and writing.
建议学生们应该多读、多写。
suggest + (that) 从句:
All the facts suggest that he stole the money.
所有事实都表明是他偷了钱。
support 支持
support sb in (doing) sth:
His sister suppor ted him in his university study.
姐姐支持他上大学。
suppose 认为;猜想;假定
(be) supposed to be / to do sth
应该;理应:
We’re supposed to get along well and help each other.
我们应该友好相处、互相帮助。
被认为;被当作:
April Fool’s Day is supposed to be a day to play jokes on others.
愚人节被认为是开别人玩笑的一天。
T
take (took, taken) 带走;拿走;带着;花费
take sb / sth with sb:
The visitor takes some food with him when he leaves.
这个游客走的时候随身带了些食物。
take sb sth / take sth to sb:
Shall I take my host family a gift? / Shall I take a gift to my host family?
我给要寄宿的家庭带件礼物好吗?
take sb / sth to sth:
The mother took the kid to the park.
那位母亲带孩子去了公园。
take sb to do sth:
Let me take you to see the doctor.
我带你去看医生吧。
it takes (sb) sth to do sth
It took me five hours to get back home.
我回家用了5个小时。
● take sb’s advice 接受某人的建议
● take a test 参加考试
● take the medicine 服药
● take a bus / plane 乘公共汽车 / 坐飞机
● take notes / a photo 记笔记 / 照相
● take a bath / walk 洗澡 / 散步
● take a look at 看一看,看一眼
● take a rest 歇一会儿
● take after (外貌或行为等) 像 (长辈)
● take apart 拆开
● take away 拿走;带走;买外卖食物
● take down 拆除;写下
● take in 吸入
● take off 脱下 (衣、帽等);(飞机等) 起飞
● take on 接受 (工作)
● take out 把…带出去
● take up 开始 (从事);占用
talk 谈话;交谈;谈
talk (to / with sb) (about sb / sth):
It’s necessary for us to talk to our parents when we have problems.
当我们遇到麻烦时,有必要跟父母谈一谈。
British people often begin their conversations by talking about the weather.
英国人经常以谈论天气开始他们的谈话。
● talk back (to sb) 顶嘴;回嘴
teach (taught, taught) 教;教授;教育
teach sb sth / teach sth to sb:
She has made some friends who can teach her Chinese / teach Chinese to her.
她交了些能教她学汉语的朋友。
teach sb about sth:
The book teaches you about student teacher relationship.
这本书教你有关师生关系的知识。
teach sb (how) to do sth:
She taught me to read and write when I was young.
我小的时候她教我读书写字。
teach sb to do sth:
Our parents often teach us to behave at dinner table.
我们的父母经常教育我们在餐桌上要表现得有礼貌。
tell (told, told) 告诉;讲述;命令;吩咐
tell sb sth / tell sth to sb:
Tell me the address, please. / Tell the address to me, please.
请把地址告诉我。
tell sb about sth:
He never told his parents about his headaches.
他从未跟父母谈起过他头痛。
tell sb to do sth:
My parents often tell me to behave well.
我父母经常嘱咐我要守规矩。
tell sb + wh- to do sth:
They don’t like to be told what to do!
他们不喜欢被命令该做什么!
thank 感谢
thank sb for (doing) sth:
Thank you for lending me the dictionary.
谢谢你借给我词典。
think (thought, thought) 认为;思考;想
● think about 思考;考虑:
● think of 考虑;关心;想出;想起
● think of ... as ... 把……看作……;认为……是……
● think over 仔细考虑
● think up 想出
try 试;尝试;试图
try to do sth:
Whatever the boy had to do, he tried to do his best.
那个男孩不论要做什么,他都会尽全力去做。
try doing sth:
John isn’t here. Try phoning his home number.
约翰不在这儿,打他家里的电话试试。
(try doing sth 一般表示“尝试做某事”,含有试试看的意味;try to do sth 则表示“努力做某事”。)
● try on 试穿
● try one’s best (to do sth) 尽最大努力(做某事)
● try out 试验
turn 转 (身);转动;转弯;(使) 转向;(使) 变成;(使) 变为
turn + adj / n :
Stop your car when the traffic lights turn yellow.
交通信号灯变黄时要停车。
turn sth + adj :
The snow turns the whole world white.
雪把整个世界都变白了。
● turn around 转身;转变
● turn away 把…转过去
● turn back (使) 往回走
● turn down 关小;调低 (音量等)
● turn into (使) 变成;(使) 成为
● turn off 关 (水、煤气、电灯等)
● turn on 开 (水、煤气、电灯等)
● turn out 原来 (是);证明 (是);结果 (是)
● turn over (使) 翻转;翻过 (书页)
● turn to 求助于;转向
● turn up 开大 (声音等);出现
U-W
use 使用;利用;运用
use sth for (doing) / as sth:
What do you use it for?
你用它来做什么?
The rubber could be used as erasers.
橡胶可以用作橡皮。
use sth to do sth:
Wood can be used to make fire.
木材能被用来生火。
● use up 用光;耗尽
wait 等待;期待
wait for sb / sth:
Don’t cut in line when you wait for the bus at the bus stop.
在公交车站等车时,不要插队。
wait to do sth:
Are you waiting to use the computer?
你在等着用电脑吗?
wait for sb / sth to do sth:
I’m waiting for my mum to have dinner.
我正在等妈妈吃饭。
● can’t wait (to do sth) 等不及 (做某事)
● wait a minute / moment / second 等一下
● wait and see [用于叫某人耐心等待事情的结果] 等着瞧
want 要;想要
want to do sth:
What do you want to be when you grow up?
你长大了想做什么?
want sb / sth to do sth:
Mr Wu wants me to give a talk in class tomorrow.
吴老师想让我明天在课上作一个报告。
warn 警告;提醒;告诫
warn (sb) about / of sth:
She warned us about / of the danger.
她提醒我们要当心危险。
warn (sb) against (doing) sth:
The doctor warned the patient against smoking.
医生告诫这个病人不要吸烟。
warn sb to do sth:
Our school warns us not to play on the road.
学校提醒我们不要在马路上玩耍。
waste 浪费;损耗
waste sth on sb / sth:
Have you been wasting time on computer games?
你一直在浪费时间玩电脑游戏吗?
waste sth (in) doing sth:
Do not waste life lying in bed on Sunday mornings.
星期日早上不要躺在床上浪费生命。
watch 看;注视
watch sb / sth do / doing sth:
They watched the bus disappear into the distance.
他们注视着公共汽车消失在远方。
watch sb / sth done:
She watched the wounded soldier carried out of the house.
她看着那个受伤的士兵被抬出了房子。
wish 想;希望;祝愿
wish to do sth:
Some children wish to become actors, singers or police officers.
有些孩子想成为演员、歌手或者警官。
wish sb to do sth:
Why don’t you wish her to accept the job?
你为什么不希望她接受这个工作呢?
wish sb sth:
I wish you every success.
祝你一切成功。
wonder 对……感到惊讶;想知道
wondered about / at sth:
He wondered about / at her answer.
他对她的回答感到很惊讶。
wonder + wh- 从句:
I always wonder what life would be like without computers or mobile phones.
我总是想知道,如果没有电脑和手机,生活会是什么样子。
I wonder / was wondering if / whether ... [礼貌的请求] (我) 不知是否:
I wonder if you can help me.
不知你是否能帮我。
worry (使) 担心;(使)忧虑
worry about / over sth:
There’s no need to worry about it.
没必要为此担心。
write (wrote, written) 写;书写;写信
write ... about /on
Please write about your best friend.
请描写一下你最好的朋友。
write (to) sb:
Don’t forget to write (to) me.
别忘了给我写信。
write sth to sb / write sb sth:
I think we should write a letter to the headmaster about the problems.
我认为我们应该就这些问题给校长写封信。
● write back 回信
● write down 写下;记下