人文湖南 | 慢品社区老房子 · 程十发旧居
延庆路141号（程十发旧居）
程十发旧居位于延庆路141号。
延庆路135至149号，由中国建业地产公司建于1934年，每幢房屋建筑面积360平方米。建筑为砖木结构三层花园住宅，住宅平面接近正方形，主立面竖三段布置，中间凸出，底层为方形大门，平缓四坡瓦顶，方形门窗。每幢前有花园。二层设券柱廊或半圆形敞廊，有室外楼梯通向花园。三层为阳台。沿街北面的室外楼梯直接进入二楼主入口，建筑南面左右对称的室外楼梯也直达二楼。底层原为车库和厨房。
1999年9月23日上海市人民政府公布其为市优秀历史建筑。
程十发简介
程十发（1921-2007），祖籍上海金山枫泾，生于上海松江城外莫家弄，海派书画大家。
1941年毕业于上海美术专科学校。1950年，创作完成了第一本连环画《野猪林》。1952年进入华东美术出版社工作，主要从事连环画、年画创作和文学名著插图绘制。1956年参加上海中国画院筹建，并被聘为画院画师。1984年起任上海中国画院院长。在山水、人物、花鸟方面独树一帜，独创了具有个人艺术风格的“程家样”。
代表作品有《胆剑篇》《阿Q正传》《画皮》《丽人行》《小河淌水》等。著有《程十发画选》《程十发近作选》《程十发花鸟习作选》等。国画《歌唱祖国的春天》获全国青年美展一等奖。《儒林外史》插图获莱比锡国际书籍装帧展览银质奖。连环画《孔乙己》获首届全国连环画绘画评奖二等奖。1993年获第二届上海文学艺术杰出贡献奖。
程十发
程十发与《小河淌水》
“月亮出来亮旺旺，想起我的阿哥在深山。哥像月亮天上走，哥啊，山下小河淌水清悠悠……”这首幽婉的云南民歌《小河淌水》，程十发不仅爱听，而且会唱。
20世纪50年代，中国绘画艺术面临新时代“转型”的课题。这时的程十发已创作了大量具有影响的连环画，令画坛同人刮目相看。但程十发心里明白，他还远远没有画出心中的画，他在等待一个灵感。
1957年春，程十发到云南德宏傣族景颇族自治州写生。保存着独特民俗风情和自然风光的云南，对这个出生在江南的年轻人而言充满了新奇。他发现，云南少数民族的服饰特别适宜于用中国写意画潇洒多变的笔墨线条来表现，还可以充分展示自己的艺术个性和才情，同时又符合当时表现新中国生活的要求。就这样，他记录、编撰并绘制了《召树屯和喃婼娜》《双身凤》等连环画。
程十发作品《小河淌水》
当时，云南少数民族的情歌让程十发极为痴迷。他尤其喜爱唱《小河淌水》。这是一首用灵魂来演绎的爱情绝响，是一首用生命来诠释的旷世恋歌，更是一段用激情与智慧来体味的岁月故事，暗暗和着他心中的节拍。
回到上海，他还常常听这首民歌。每当听罢就以此作一幅画。1959年10月的一个晚上，他听着歌，欣然挥毫，一个戴着斗笠，挑着担子和陶罐趟过小溪的傣族姑娘跃然纸上。画中的姑娘怕水沾湿裙子，回头用手轻轻拎起了裙摆，栩栩如生。这就是后来让人过目难忘的佳作《小河淌水》。这幅画，他曾画了无数遍，每一个动作、每一根线条、每一抹色彩都苦心经营，直到此时，水到渠成，一挥而就，画面看上去是如此轻松洒脱。
在这片天地里，程十发找到了表达自己真性情和真笔墨的自由之境。他创作的少数民族题材作品在画坛一炮打响，开创了当代中国画的一大流派。
令人感怀的是，程十发躺在医院的日子里，陪伴他以及送他走完最后一程的，依然是那首让他魂牵梦萦的《小河淌水》。
程十发 （邬海佳画）
Introduction of former
residence of CHENG Shifa
The former residence of CHENG Shifa is located at No. 141 on Yanqing Road.
Buildings from No. 135 to No. 149 on Yanqing Road were constructed by the China Real Estate Company in 1934, each having a construction area of 360 square meters. The buildings are three-storey garden residence with a structure of brick and wood. The plane of the residence is close to a square and the main facade has a layout of three vertical sections. Its middle protrudes and at the bottom is a square gate. There are four roofs with gentle slopes covered with tiles and doors and windows are also square. In front of each building is a garden. At the second floor there is a corridor supported with arched columns or semi-circular open corridor. There are outdoor staircases leading to the garden. The third floor is for balconies. The outside staircase in the north side along the street leads directly to the main entrance of the second floor. The outside stairs at the south side are symmetrical and also lead directly up to the second floor. The bottom floor was originally for garage and kitchen.
On September 23, 1999, it became a Heritage Architecture issued by the Shanghai Municipal People’s Government.
CHENG Shifa (1921-2007) has his ancestral family from the old town of Fengjing in Jinshan District of Shanghai.
Born in the Mo Family Alley outside Songjiang City in Shanghai, he is known as a great painter and calligrapher of Shanghai School. In 1941 he graduated from the Shanghai Art Academy. In the late 1940s, he finished the creation of his first comic book The Rescue in Wild Boar Forest. In 1952 he entered the East China Fine Arts Publishing House, mainly engaged in the creation of comics and paintings for the Chinese New Year as well as drawing of illustrations for famous literary works. In 1956 he participated in the preparation of the Shanghai Chinese Painting Academy and he worked as a painting artist in the academy in 1960. Since 1984, he served as president of the Academy. In the field of landscapes, flowers, birds and figure paintings, he made unique contributions and created a personal art of “CHENG Style” popularly enjoyed by the common people. His representative works include Warrior Courage Section, The True Story of Ah Q, The Painted Skin, Three Women, A Gurgling Stream and others. Also he is the author of such books as Selected Paintings by CHENG Shifa, Selected Recent Paintings by CHENG Shifa, Selected Practice Bird Paintings by CHENG Shifa and others. His Chinese painting Singing for the Spring of the Motherland won him the first prize of the National Youth Art Exhibition. The illustrations in The Scholars won him Silver Award at the Leipzig International Book Binding Exhibition. His comic book KONG Yiji won the second prize of the First National Comic Painting Award. In 1993 he won the outstanding contribution award in the Second Session of Shanghai Literature and Art Award.
“The moon comes out bright; I think of my elder brother in the mountain’s height. Brother moves like the moon in the sky; Brother ah, at the mountain foot a stream gurgles...” CHENG not only liked listening to this serene and beautiful Yunnan folk song A Gurgling Stream, but also was able to sing it.
In the 1950s, Chinese painting art was facing a new era of “transformation”. At this time he had created a large number of influential comic books so that he attracted a completely new appraisal in the field of painting. But he knew in his own mind that he was far from producing paintings from his hearts, so he was waiting.
In the spring of 1957, he went to Yunnan Autonomous Prefecture for writing sketches. Yunnan preserved a unique folkcustoms and natural scenes, which were novel to a young man born in the south China. He found that the clothes of ethnic minorities in Yunnan was particularly suitable for Chinese painting to make expressions with the smart lines of freehand brushwork. This can both help fully demonstrate the artistic personality and talent of one’s own and also meet the performance requirements of a new era of life. In this way, he created such comic books both creative and filled with ethnic style as Chaoshutun and Nannona, Joined Bodies Phoenixes and others.
At that time, a Yunnan ethnic minority song A Gurgling Stream found him obsessed. He hummed the song when a kind of feeling rose within him naturally that the soul was used to explain the final sound of love and life was adopted to interpret the unequaled love song.
After coming back home at No. 141 on Yanqing Road in Shanghai, he repeatedly listened to and sang the song. Whenever he finished listening to it, he created a painting based on it. One night in October 1959, he listened to the song and cheerfully wielded the brush with the result that a girl of the Dai nationality wearing a hat, carrying a burden and pottery and wading through the creek jumped on the paper. The girl on the painting was afraid that water might wet her skirt and looked back to gently pick up the lower hem of her skirt with a hand, as natural as though it were living. This was the masterpiece A Gurgling Stream which was later unforgettable. He made this painting for countless times. For each action, each line and each tint of colors, he made painstaking efforts until this time when it was a matter of course and it was done at one go. The painting looked so easy and free.
In this world, he found the realm of freedom for a true expression of his nature with true brush and ink. His paintings on ethnic minorities made a hit in the field of artistic painting, creating a major school of contemporary Chinese painting.
What was really moving was the story that it was still this song A Gurgling Stream on his mind that accompanied him to finish the last part of his life when he was lying in the hospital.
信息来源：《200031——一个历史街区的文化记忆》