20180320 长难句

长难句的正确打开方式👇👇

先尝试自己分析

然后看下面的解析

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【昨日长难句】

He explores such problem consciously, articulately, and frankly, first by asking factual questions, then by asking moral questions, finally by suggesting action which seems appropriate in the light of the factual and moral information which he has obtained.

【今日长难句】

His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

【句子解析】

句子分段：His function is analogous to that of a judge，||  who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a matter as possible || the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

句子分析：

1. 句子主干为主系表结构，His function/is /analogous to that of a judge, 译为：他的作用于法官的作用类似。his 根据上下文可知其指代“知识分子”。that为代词替换function.

2. who引导的定于从句是一个非限制性定于从句而且比较长，所以后置翻译且单独成句，定语从句的主干为主谓宾结构，即who/must accept/ the obligation of revealing, 译为：他必须承担/接受揭示。。。的责任/义务。the course of reasoning which led him to his decision 为时间状语，译为：让他做出决定的推理过程。 其中，“which led him to his decision”这个定语从句较短，可以先行词前面翻译。

3.  in as obvious a matter as possible”= in an obvious manner +as … as possible是插入语形式的状语成分，用来说明reveal的方式。由于动词与宾语被状语隔开，所以考生在理解时有一定困难。

【词的处理】

His function最好结合上下文译为“知识分子的作用”；

analogous表示相似的，可理解为similar，

as obvious a manner as possible中包含in an obvious manner（明显的方式）和as … as possible（尽可能明显）两个词组，翻译时需要准切理解词组的结合。

[参考译文]

His function is analogous to that of a judge, who must accept the obligation of revealing in as obvious a manner as possible the course of reasoning which led him to his decision.

1、知识分子的作用与法官的作用类似，后者必须承担用尽可能明显的方式来展示/揭示让他做出决定的推理过程的责任。

2、知识分子的作用类似于法官的作用，后者必须承担起这样的责任：用尽可能明显的方式来揭示让他做出决定的推理过程。（该译文将修饰成分单独处理成句，因此译文更简单明了。）

【明日长难句】

来个简单的吧

This definition excludes many individuals usually referred to as intellectuals—the average scientist for one.