早期乳腺癌新辅助化疗患者结局预测

  对于局部晚期乳腺癌,或者三阴性、HER2阳性、淋巴结转移、增殖指数较高的早期乳腺癌,术前(新辅助)化疗可提高手术的可行性和成功率。不过,新辅助化疗并非都有效,故有必要对新辅助化疗结局进行预测,以调整进一步治疗方案。2007年,美国德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心根据原发肿瘤大小和浸润比例、淋巴结转移数量和大小等指标,提出残癌负荷指数,可预测新辅助化疗的无远处复发生存结局。2016年,美国德克萨斯大学MD安德森癌症中心根据临床分期、病理分期、雌激素受体状态、细胞核分级、HER2状态,提出新生物学评分,还可预测HER2阳性患者新辅助化疗的乳腺癌相关生存结局。

  2021年2月9日,英国癌症研究基金会《英国癌症杂志》在线发表法国居里研究院、巴黎文理研究大学、巴黎第五大学的研究报告,对残癌负荷指数、新生物学评分预测乳腺癌新辅助化疗患者结局的效果进行了比较,并对增加病理指标能否改善这些评分进行了探讨。

  该单中心回顾研究对2002~2012年法国居里研究院750例乳腺浸润癌新辅助化疗女性患者进行回顾分析。采用赤池信息量准则、一致性指数、校准曲线并增加淋巴血管浸润和新辅助化疗前后肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞水平,对全部患者和不同亚型患者的残癌负荷指数与新生物学评分进行比较。

  结果,残留癌症负荷、新生物学评分与全部患者以及三阴性乳腺癌乳腺癌的无病生存和总生存显著相关。

  对于每种乳腺癌亚型,残癌负荷指数赤池信息量准则值最低,对应结局预测效果较好。

  对于全部患者:

  • 残癌负荷指数一致性指数值较低(0.66,95%置信区间:0.61~0.71)

  • 新生物学评分一致性指数值较高(0.70,95%置信区间:0.65~0.75)

  对于全部患者,两种评分校准曲线都较好,但是对于每种乳腺癌亚型,残留癌症负荷结局预测效果较好。

  两种评分之间的一致性差。

  增加淋巴血管浸润和肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞,可改善两种评分的结局预测效果。

  因此,该研究结果表明,虽然残癌负荷指数和新生物学评分对结局的预测效果相似,但是残余癌负荷对乳腺癌亚型结局的预测效果较好,尤其对于激素受体阳性乳腺癌和三阴性乳腺癌。由于残癌负荷指数结局预测类别较少,故较适合日常临床实践。

Br J Cancer. 2021 Feb 9. Online ahead of print.

Determination of breast cancer prognosis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy: comparison of Residual Cancer Burden (RCB) and Neo-Bioscore.

Enora Laas, Julie Labrosse, Anne-Sophie Hamy, Gabriel Benchimol, Diane de Croze, Jean-Guillaume Feron, Florence Coussy, Thomas Balezeau, Julien Guerin, Marick Lae, Jean-Yves Pierga, Fabien Reyal.

Institut Curie, Paris, France; PSL Research University, Institut Curie, Paris, France; University of Paris Descartes (Paris V), Paris, France.

BACKGROUND: To compare RCB (Residual Cancer Burden) and Neo-Bioscore in terms of prognostic performance and see if adding pathological variables improve these scores.

METHODS: We analysed 750 female patients with invasive breast cancer (BC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) at Institut Curie between 2002 and 2012. Scores were compared in global population and by BC subtype using Akaike information criterion (AIC), C-Index (concordance index), calibration curves and after adding lymphovascular invasion (LVI) and pre-/post-NAC TILs levels.

RESULTS: RCB and Neo-Bioscore were significantly associated to disease-free and overall survival in global population and for triple-negative BC. RCB had the lowest AICs in every BC subtype, corresponding to a better prognostic performance. In global population, C-Index values were poor for RCB (0.66; CI [0.61-0.71]) and fair for Neo-Bioscore (0.70; CI [0.65-0.75]). Scores were well calibrated in global population, but RCB yielded better prognostic performances in each BC subtype. Concordance between the two scores was poor. Adding LVI and TILs improved the performance of both scores.

CONCLUSIONS: Although RCB and Neo-Bioscore had similar prognostic performances, RCB showed better performance in BC subtypes, especially in luminal and TNBC. By generating fewer prognostic categories, RCB enables an easier use in everyday clinical practice.

DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01251-3

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