1月20号的外交部例行记者会中有这么一小段话:当前,病毒仍在全球肆虐,疫情防控任重道远,满足各国特别是发展中国家疫苗需求需要国际社会共同努力。我们期待各方拿出实际行动,向发展中国家提供更多疫苗,促进疫苗在全球的公平分配和使用,助力早日战胜疫情。这段话的官方译文如下:The virus is still wreaking havoc around the world, and it is no time to slacken our prevention and control efforts. All need to pitch in if we are to meet the demands of all countries, especially developing ones. We look forward to seeing concrete actions from all sides to distribute more vaccines to developing countries and promote vaccines' equitable distribution and use worldwide, so that the day that sees our final victory over the virus will come sooner.我们假设,自己第一次翻译就翻成了上面这样(有点膨胀)。现在来看看在三个层面上可以如何增加表达的丰富性。1、用词层面
用词层面实际上就是同义词替换。先从最简单的“病毒”开始,原文用的是the virus。显然这里的病毒指的是新冠病毒,所以我们还可以说the coronavirus,the pandemic, the coronavirus pandemic, COVID-19,the COVID-19 pandemic。要注意哪些有the,哪些没有the。“在全球肆虐”,原文用的是wreak havoc around the world。我们还可以用ravage the world, is rampant around the world, spread across the world, send a shock wave around the world等等。“防控疫情任重道远”,原文转译了一下。如果直译XX任重道远,我们可以说sth remains a daunting/challenging/formidable/herculean/arduous/onerous task。“防控疫情”也可以简单地说成pandemic/COVID-19 response。“早日战胜疫情”,原文用的是victory over the virus。我们也可以说defeat/prevail over/overcome the virus。“早日”,原文用的是sooner。当然还可以用as soon as possible/on an early date/as early as we can。2、句式层面
句式层面侧重于用不同的方式来造句。“当前,病毒仍在全球肆虐”原文的主语是virus。如果以“全球”为主语,我们可以说the world is witnessing the spreading of COVID-19,或者更简单的the world is being ravaged by COVID-19。“疫情防控任重道远”如果以“疫情防控”为主语,可以说Pandemic response remains a daunting task/has a long way to go/is far from over.“满足各国特别是发展中国家疫苗需求需要国际社会共同努力”原文中的主语实际上是“国际社会”。如果换成以“满足”为主语,可以说Meeting the demand of all countries, especially developing countries, calls for joint efforts of all parties. (will not be possible without global efforts) 如果以“各国”为主语,我们可以说 Countries in the world, developing ones in particular, can only have their demand met with the help from the international community.3、衔接层面
衔接层面指的就是怎么断句,以及把哪些句子当主句,哪些当从句。原文当中的“病毒仍在全球肆虐,疫情防控任重道远”都是作为完整的句子翻出来的,我们也可以把“病毒仍在全球肆虐”弱化为从句:With the virus ravaging the world, our prevention and control efforts remain a daunting task.我们也可以把这两小句都弱化为从句,以“满足各国特别是发展中国家疫苗需求需要国际社会共同努力”作为主句:With the virus going rampant and our response efforts far from over, we are in urgent need of global actions to satisfy the vaccine demand of all countries, developing ones in particular.原文中“我们期待各方拿出实际行动,向发展中国家提供更多疫苗,促进疫苗在全球的公平分配和使用,助力早日战胜疫情。”被处理为了一个长句。我们也可以把“助力早日战胜疫情”单独翻成一句:Only in that way can we prevail over the virus on an early date.