深入挖掘 prefer 的用法，探寻 prefer 后面的非谓语动词形式

很多人会在写作中应用 prefer，但是比较少的人能真正正确地使用它。Prefer 用来表达偏好，是一个及物动词，因此后面要接宾语，宾语可以是名词，动名词或不定式。而且它经常与 would 的搭配，因此用法丰富多彩；prefer 不用于进行时，在日常对话中往往听起来很正式。

一、prefer to do sth，prefer doing sth 和 prefer sth

1. prefer to do sth

The donor prefers to remain anonymous.

捐赠者希望不披露姓名。

I prefer to see a woman doctor.

我希望让女医生给我看病。

I prefer not to think about it.

我不想考虑此事。

2. prefer doing sth

She prefers living in the suburbs.
她宁愿住在郊区。
In these circumstances, one prefers being alone.
在这种情况下，一个人更喜欢独处。
3. prefer sth
I prefer biographies.
我更喜欢传记。
Does he prefer a particular sort of music?.
他有特别喜欢的音乐吗？
注意：prefer to do sth 比 prefer doing sth 更常见。
二、prefer A to/rather than B
Prefer A to/rather than B 表示比起 A 更喜欢 B，或宁愿 A 也不愿 B，其中 to 后面接名词或动名词，而 rather than 后面接名词或不带 to 不定式，例如：
I prefer tea to coffee.
比起咖啡，我更喜欢茶。
We prefer going by ferry to flying.
我们宁愿坐渡船也不愿坐飞机。
Tom prefers to stay at home rather than go to the cinema tonight.
汤姆今晚宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影。
注意：prefer A to (rather than) B 中的 to 或 rather than 不能用 than 代替，例如：
比起杂志，她更喜欢书。
✔: She prefers books to magazines.
❌: She prefers books than magazines.
三、would prefer ('d prefer) 
1. Would prefer 后面接带 to 不定式或名词，用来讨论现在或未来的偏好，例如：
would prefer to do sth:
I’d prefer to go by myself.
我宁愿自己去。
She’d prefer not to drive at night.
她宁愿晚上不开车。
would prefer sth:
Would you prefer a quieter restaurant?
你喜欢安静一点的餐厅吗？
Would you prefer red or white?
你喜欢喝红葡萄酒还是白葡萄酒？
would prefer sth to sth:
I would prefer football to basketball.
比起篮球，我更喜欢足球。
I would prefer city to country.
比起乡村，我更喜欢城市。
2. 当要表达宁愿做某事也不愿做另外一件事时，用 rather than 引入另一件不愿意做的事，rather than 后面接不带 to 不定式，例如：
I'd prefer to drink tea rather than drink coffee.
我宁愿喝茶也不愿喝咖啡。
I’d prefer to go skiing this year rather than go on a beach holiday.
今年我宁愿去滑雪也不愿去海滩度假。
3. 当要表达宁愿某人做某事时，用 would prefer ('d prefer) sb to do sth 或 would prefer ('d prefer) + it if + 一般过去时，例如：
你宁愿我留下来吗？
Would you prefer me to stay?
Would you prefer it if I stayed?
他们宁愿我们晚点来。
They’d prefer us to come later.
They’d prefer it if we came later.
四、常犯的错误
1. prefer 后面不接不带 to 不定式，例如：
每当我有时间，我喜欢看书，但我不喜欢在晚上看书。
✔: Whenever I have time I like to read but I prefer not to read in the evening.
❌: Whenever I have time I like to read but I prefer not read in the evening.
2. 当与另外一个进行比较时，用 or 或 rather than，不用 than，例如：
与足球相比，许多年轻人更喜欢电脑游戏。
✔: A lot of young people prefer computer games to football.
✔: A lot of young people prefer computer games rather than football.
❌: A lot of young people prefer computer games than football.
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