[语法] 库克纪念乔布斯的微博,第一句中文就翻译错了?
第194期
(语法解密每周六、日推送)
开局一张图:
前几天,苹果 CEO 库克在微博上发了一条纪念史蒂夫·乔布斯(Steve Jobs)的博文。
里面有一个语言点引发了我的注意:
Celebrating Steve on what would have been his 66th birthday.
请大家对比这句话:
Celebrating Steve on his 66th birthday.
意思一样吗?
不太一样吧?因为第一句多了 what would have been 这个表达。
我们先抛开这个语法点,考虑一下背景信息:
乔布斯已经去世了,那么纪念他的生日就不能按照活人的方法。
如果说 Celebrating Steve on his 66th birthday,意为“庆祝乔布斯66岁生日”,那是给活人庆生用的句子。
所以 Celebrating Steve on what would have been his 66th birthday.表示“(如果乔布斯在世的话,那么就是他66岁的生日)。
这被称为“虚拟语气”,而“would have +过去分词”表达“本来应该是”(实际上不是)。
再体会两个句子:
1. If the doctor had come last night, the boy would have been saved.
如果医生昨晚来的话,这个男孩就会获救。(事实上,医生没来,男孩也没获救)
2. If I had not studied hard, I would have failed in the final exam.
如果我没有努力学习的话,我期末考试就要挂科了。(事实上,我努力学习了,期末考试也没有挂科)
Celebrating Steve on what would have been his 66th birthday.
不能翻译为“庆祝乔布斯66岁生日”,而应该是“纪念乔布斯诞辰66周年”。
理解了吗?
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