C#使用Topshelf创建Windows服务
一、项目创建
创建一个控制台应用程序,项目右键->管理 NuGet 程序包->Topshelft及Topshelf.Log4Net。
二、Topshelf配置
一般来说,服务都会设置每隔多长时间执行一次任务,这里使用System.Threading.Timer来做个简单的日志记录,将日志写入到Debug\Log文件夹下。
2.1、Log4Net配置
新建一个log4net.config的配置文件,在其属性的复制到输出目录项下选择始终复制。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><configuration> <configSections> <section name="log4net" type="log4net.Config.Log4NetConfigurationSectionHandler, log4net" /> </configSections> <log4net> <!-- Console部分log输出格式的设定 --> <appender name="ConsoleAppender" type="log4net.Appender.ConsoleAppender"> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%date [%thread] %-5level %logger - %message %newline" /> </layout> </appender> <appender name="RollingLogFileAppender" type="log4net.Appender.RollingFileAppender"> <file value="Log\"/> <appendToFile value="true"/> <maxSizeRollBackups value="10"/> <maximumFileSize value="1MB"/> <rollingStyle value="Date"/> <datePattern value='yyyy-MM-dd".log"' /> <staticLogFileName value="false"/> <!--最小锁定模型以允许多个进程可以写入同一个文件--> <param name="lockingModel" type="log4net.Appender.FileAppender+MinimalLock" /> <layout type="log4net.Layout.PatternLayout"> <conversionPattern value="%date %-5level %logger - %message %newline"/> </layout> </appender> <root> <level value="ALL" /> <appender-ref ref="ConsoleAppender" /> <appender-ref ref="RollingLogFileAppender" /> </root> </log4net></configuration>
2.2、TopshelfService
新建一个TopshelfService类:
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Topshelf;using Topshelf.Logging;namespace LinkTo.Test.TopshelfService{ public class TopshelfService : ServiceControl { private static readonly LogWriter logger = HostLogger.Get<TopshelfService>(); private static Timer timerAsync = null; private readonly int dueTimeInterval = 1000 * 5; //单位:毫秒 private readonly int periodInterval = 1000 * 5; //单位:毫秒 /// <summary> /// 构造函数 /// </summary> public TopshelfService() { timerAsync = new Timer(AutoAsyncCallback, null, Timeout.Infinite, Timeout.Infinite); } /// <summary> /// 启动服务 /// </summary> /// <param name="hostControl"></param> /// <returns></returns> public bool Start(HostControl hostControl) { try { logger.Info("HelloTopshelf Start"); timerAsync.Change(dueTimeInterval, periodInterval); } catch (Exception ex) { logger.Info(ex.Message); } return true; } /// <summary> /// 停止服务 /// </summary> /// <param name="hostControl"></param> /// <returns></returns> public bool Stop(HostControl hostControl) { try { logger.Info("HelloTopshelf Stop"); if (timerAsync != null) { timerAsync.Change(Timeout.Infinite, Timeout.Infinite); timerAsync.Dispose(); timerAsync = null; } } catch (Exception ex) { logger.Info(ex.Message); } return true; } /// <summary> /// 回调函数 /// </summary> /// <param name="state"></param> private void AutoAsyncCallback(object state) { try { timerAsync.Change(Timeout.Infinite, Timeout.Infinite); logger.Info("AutoAsyncCallback执行开始"); Thread.Sleep(1000 * 10); } catch (Exception ex) { logger.ErrorFormat("AutoAsyncCallback执行异常:{0}", ex.Message); } finally { timerAsync.Change(dueTimeInterval, periodInterval); logger.Info("AutoAsyncCallback执行结束"); logger.Info(Environment.NewLine); } } }}
2.3、配置和运行宿主服务
using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using Topshelf;namespace LinkTo.Test.TopshelfService{ class Program { static void Main(string[] args) { HostFactory.Run(x => { x.UseLog4Net("log4net.config"); x.RunAsLocalSystem(); x.Service(settings => new TopshelfService()); //服务的描述 x.SetDescription("你好,Topshelf!"); //服务的显示名称 x.SetDisplayName("Hello Topshelf Service"); //服务名称 x.SetServiceName("HelloTopshelf"); }); } }}
三、安装与卸载
3.1、安装服务
在Debug文件夹下面,创建一个"安装服务.bat"的批处理文件:
@echo onrem 设置DOS窗口的背景颜色及字体颜色color 2frem 设置DOS窗口大小 mode con: cols=80 lines=25@echo offecho 请按任意键开始安装LinkTo.Test.TopshelfService服务rem 输出空行echo.pauseLinkTo.Test.TopshelfService installnet start HelloTopShelfpause
3.2、卸载服务
在Debug文件夹下面,创建一个"卸载服务.bat"的批处理文件:
@echo onrem 设置DOS窗口的背景颜色及字体颜色color 2frem 设置DOS窗口大小 mode con: cols=80 lines=25@echo offecho 请按任意键开始卸载LinkTo.Test.TopshelfService服务rem 输出空行echo.pausenet stop HelloTopShelfLinkTo.Test.TopshelfService uninstallpause
3.3、查看服务
在运行中输入"services.msc"进入服务,即可看到新建的HelloTopshelf服务:
四、添加管理员权限要求
项目右键->添加->新建项->应用程序清单文件。
将requestedExecutionLevel节点的level设置为"requireAdministrator"。
<requestedExecutionLevel level="requireAdministrator" uiAccess="false" />
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