中国城市英语说：成都
Chengdu is the provincial capital of Sichuan Province，and a historical cultural city，one of the first batch of China's outstanding tourist cities, “National Sanitary City' and a“Model City of Two Supports' as well. Chengdu is a megalopolis（特大城市） that combines ancient civilization and modern civilization together, and it is the homeland of the rare giant panda and the center and window of the “Sichuan—a land of plenty.”
成都是四川省省会、中国历史文化名城、首批中国优秀旅游城市,国家卫生城市、全国“双拥”模范城。成都是一座融古代文明与现代文明于一体的特大城市，是稀世珍宝大熊猫的故乡，也是天府之国的中心和窗口。
Chengdu is famous for its long history and rich cultural accumulation as well as for its gorgeous scenic spots and numerous historical sites. The Lotus ( Furong ) is the city flower and the Gingko（银杏） is its city tree.
成都以其历史悠久、文化底蕴厚重，风光绚丽多姿和名胜古迹众多而闻名于世。芙蓉、银杏是成都的市花和市树。
Chengdu lies between the plateau mountain region in the northwest of Sichuan and the hills in middle of the province. The western terrain is relatively high，and the middle and the southeast parts are broad Plain of Chengdu. The average elevation of Chengdu is about 500 meters. Chengdu enjoys the beauty of mountain scenes，plain and hills concurrently （并存的）within its territory.
成都位于川西北高原山地和川中丘陵之间，西部地势较高，中部和东南部是广阔的成都平原，平均海拔500米左右。成都境内兼有山景、平原和丘陵之美。
It is temperate（温和的） in climate in Chengdu，and there is heavy rainfall here. The average temperatures of the year is about 16 degrees Centigrade. There is no severe cold in winter nor severe heat in summer in Chengdu. The land here is fertile（肥沃的）， the water conservancy（保护管理） is advanced，and the produce（产品） is very richly endowed（赋予，给与）.
成都的气候温和，雨水充沛，年平均气温16℃左右。成都冬无严寒，夏无酷暑，土地肥沃，水利先进，物产十分富饶。
The total area of the city of Chengdu is 12 390 sq. km . , and the total population exceeds 10 million. It has jurisdiction over 7 districts, 4 county-level cities and 8 counties.
成都全市总面积为1. 239万平方公里，总人口超过1 000万人，辖区划为7个区,4个县级市和8个县。
As early as more than 10 000 years ago，Chengdu had already become the center of activities of ancient people of Clan （宗族）Shu. The unearthed relics in the urban area and Sanxing Dui in Guanghan show that at least 4 000 years ago，the people of Clan Shu，through their hard-working，created the Ancient Shu Civilization which possesses the clear regional characteristics here.
早在10 000多年前，成都就已成为蜀族先民活动的中心。市区和广汉三星堆的出土文物表明，至少在4 000年以前，古蜀的先民们就用自己辛勤劳动的双手，在这里创造了具有鲜明地域特征的古蜀文明。
About 2 500 years ago，the Kaiming Imperial Court of Ancient Shu State moved its capital here from Fanxiang Township(the intersection of today's Pengzhou City and Xindu County)，and named it“Chengdu”.Just from that time on Chengdu began to take shape of a city.
大约2 500年前，古蜀国开明王朝把国都从樊乡(今彭州市、新都县交界处)迁到此处，定名为“成都”这时的成都已经成为一个初具规模的城市。
In the period of Shu Han，Zhu Ge-liang implemented the economic policy to rehabilitate（恢复） and support agricultural traders. As a result of this，Chengdu achieved greater development as the capital of Shu Han.
蜀汉时期，诸葛亮在四川实行休养生息，扶持农商的经济政策，成都作为蜀汉首都得到了更大的发展。
In Tang Dynasty，the prosperity in Chengdu was second only to that of Yangzhou in the South. By Northern Song Dynasty，Chengdu became a metropolis(大都会) second only to Bianjing. The city at this moment saw some development in industry， agriculture and commerce because the place was under a relatively stable situation among the fighting and disputes in the late Tang Dynasty and the Five Dynasties period. There were not only comprehensive markets in the north，south，east and west of the city，but also markets for exchanging special products，for instance，grass market，chaff(谷壳，糠) market，salt market and horse and mule market etc.. In the downtown，there were even evening markets. Chengdu experienced rises and falls for several times during the dynasties such as Yuan，Ming，Qing and the period of the Republic of China，nevertheless，its position as an economic center of Sichuan Province has remained steady.
唐代时期，成都的繁华仅次于江南的扬州。到北宋时期，成都已成为仅次于汴京的大都会。这时的成都，由于在晚唐五代的纷争中处于相对安定的情况下，工农商业都有所发展，不仅有城内东南西北的综合市场，也有了专营产品的市场，如草市、糠市、盐市、,骡市等，闹市区还有了夜市。此后的成都历经元、明、清诸朝和民国时期，其间虽有多次的兴衰起落，但它作为四川省经济中心的地位并无变化。
Chengdu was liberated in December 1949，and this old historical cultural city opened a new chapter in the history.
1949年12月成都获得解放。这座古老的历史文化名城也随之翻开了历史的新篇章。
Since 1978，Chengdu entered the new historical time of reform and opening up to the outside world and modernization construction. Relying on its solid economic base and position advantage in the connection of the Midwest，in a short time of only a little more than 20 years，Chengdu has further developed into an important center of science and technology，commerce and business and banking，and the hub of traffic and communications in the southwest of China as well as one of the megalopolises of China.
1978年以来，成都进人了改革开放和现代化建设的历史时期。凭借其雄厚的经济基础和地处中西部结合处的区位优势，在短短的20多年间，已进一步发展成为中国西南地区重要的科技、商贸、金融中心和交通、通信枢纽，中国的特大城市之一。
In today's Chengdu，high buildings and large mansions stand like forests，green trees make pleasant shades and the appearance of the city is beautiful. Commercial sites of service industries spread all over the city. The comprehensive service function of the city is being strengthened day by day. Funan River has become clear. On both sides of the river，flowers and trees，lawns，sculptures and pavilions and the modern local-style dwelling houses and the high buildings in a compact mass set each other off and add luster to the city. Funan River not only has the functions of preventing flood，protecting environment and traffic and transportation，but also is a favorite place of recreation and sightseeing for the citizens of Chengdu and foreign visitors.
今日的成都高楼林立，绿树成荫，市容美丽，商业服务行业网点遍布全市。城市综合服务功能日益增强。府南河如今水质变得清亮。河两岸的花木、草坪、雕塑和亭榭与鳞次栉比的现代化民居高楼相映增辉。府南河不仅具有防洪、环保和交通运输的功能，还成了市民和外国游客最喜爱的休闲观光好去处。
Chengdu is one of the cities of the country with the most highways and the largest air harbor in the southwest. Shuang Liu International Airport is one of the four major air harbors of the country，having opened more than 170 international and domestic routes now. Chengdu is a telecommunications pivot in the southwest of China，and it has successively established connection with more than 160 countries and regions. The convenient traffic and the developed communication have linked Chengdu with all parts of the country closely and have built bridges from the city to all parts of the world as w
成都市是全国公路最密集的城市之一，是西南地区最大的航空港。双流国际机场是全国四人空港之一，现已开通了国际国内航线170多条。成都又是西南地区邮电通讯枢纽，先后与160余个国家和地区建立了通信联系。便捷的交通，发达的通讯，把成都与全国各地紧密地连接在一起，此外还架起了成都通向世界各地的桥梁。
Chengdu is one of the origins of Shu Han magnificent culture and the key city of Sichuan culture and education as well. There are great “Masters of Han's Poetic Prose”Sima Xiangru and Yang Xiong，historian of Jin Dynasty Chang Qu poetess Xue Tao in the Tang Dynasty，musician Duan Anjie，poetry writer Ouyang Jiong in the Five Dynaties period，painting master Huang Quan， scholar Fan Zuyu who was the associate editor of“History as a Mirror' Neo-Confucianist Wei Liaoweng，physician Tang Shenwei，literati Yang sheng'an of Ming Dynasty，famous scholar-general Yue Zhongqi in Qing Dynasty and giant of contemporary literature Ba Jin，Ai Wu，Li Jieren and Sha Ting. Famous poets Li Bai，Du Fu，Cen Shen，Gao Shi，Wei zhuang，Lu You and the great writer Su Shi，etc. had all once resided here and left a lot of cultural heritage for descendants(后裔子孙)，and this makes the developed culture of Chengdu enjoy great domestic and international prestige.
成都是灿烂的蜀汉文化发祥地之一，也是四川文化教育的中心城市“汉赋四大家”中成都市有司马相如、扬雄两位。晋代史学家常璩、唐代女诗人薛涛、音乐家段安节、五代词人欧阳炯、绘画大师黄筌、宋代学者《资治通鉴》副主编范祖禹、理学家魏了翁、医学家唐慎微、明代文学家杨升庵、清代著名的“儒将”
岳钟祺，加上现代文学巨子巴金、艾芜、李劼人、沙汀等人都是成都人士。大诗人李白、杜甫、岑参、高适、韦庄、陆游、大文豪苏轼等人都曾寓居这里，为后人留下了大批的文化遗产，使成都的发达文化享誉国内外。
The lacquer（漆） ware of Chengdu is unique with perfect craft and is a famous product handed down from generation to generation. Gold and silver silk products，bamboo plaiting（编辫） and straw plaiting all have a history of several hundred or thousand of years in Chengdu.
成都的漆器制作精美,工艺独特，为历代传世名品。成都的金银丝制品、竹编、草编，也都有数百、上千年的历史。
Among numerous Chengdu local products，Shu Silk，one of“China Four Major Famous Silk' and Shu Embroider, one of“China Four Major Famous Embroider'，are very graceful and in good taste. The bamboo plaiting article is another local product in Chengdu，and vases woven from it，the coffee sets，flower sets and bowls，etc. make visitors so fond that they would not let them out of their hand. In addition，there are far-famed wine of Quan Xing Da Qu and Pi County Beans.
在众多成都特产中，“中国四大名锦”之一蜀锦和“中国四大书绣”之一蜀绣高雅大方。竹编是成都的又一特产，由它编成的花瓶、咖啡具、花具、饭碗等令游人爱不释手。另外还有赫赫有名的全兴大曲和郫县豆瓣。
There are numerous scenic spots and historical sites passed down in successive dynasties in Chengdu，among which Shrine of Military Hou，Du Fu Thatched（盖茅草） Cottage and Yongling are the key cultural relic units under state protection. King Wen's Stele（墓碑，石柱） of North Zhou Dynasty，Wenshu Monastery，Qingyang Palace，Meng Zhixiang's Tomb，Zhu Yuelian's Tomb，King Xi's Tomb，Monument to the Dead in the Movement of Road Protection in the Revolution of 1911，Monument to General Peng，Peng's Shrine and Twelve Bridges Tombs of Revolutionary martyrs，etc. are classified as provincial historical relic's protection units.
成都历代留下来的名胜古迹很多。其中属于全国重点文物保护单位的有武侯祠、杜甫草堂和永陵。被列为省级文物保护单位的有北周文王碑、文殊院、青羊宫、孟知祥墓、朱悦廉墓、僖王陵、辛亥秋保路死事纪念碑、彭大将军纪念碑、彭家珍祠和十二桥烈士墓等。