特邀专家综述！朱健康院士/邓兴旺院士/周俭民教授/姜里文教授/唐定中教授/何跃辉教授等综述植物领域研...

Plants are constantly exposed to a range of pathogens and have evolved two layers of immune systems to recognize and fend off pathogens. In this issue, Wang et al. (pp. 2-24) provide an update on the mechanisms by which the cell-surface localized PRRs recognize the ligands and activate downstream immune responses, and discuss current understanding of the mechanisms by which NLRs switch from inactive states to active states to initiate immune responses.

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Invited Expert Reviews For Plant Research Progress

Plant immune signaling: Advancing on two frontiers^free

Wei Wang, Baomin Feng, Jian-Min Zhou and Dingzhong Tang

In nature, plants are constantly exposed to pathogens thus have evolved multiple defense strategies to cope with pathogens, including plant immune signaling that relies on cell‐surface localized pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and intracellular NLR immune receptors. This review mainly summarized the current views of PRRs-activated immunity and the mechanisms of NLRs activation.

Abscisic acid dynamics, signaling, and functions in plants^free

Kong Chen, Guo-Jun Li, Ray A. Bressan, Chun-Peng Song, Jian-Kang Zhu and Yang Zhao

Abscisic acid (ABA) is the major stress hormone that coordinates plant growth, development and abiotic stress responses. In this review, we summarized the recent progresses on its metabolism, transport and signaling, and discussed the open questions about ABA dynamics and functions.

The roles of endomembrane trafficking in plant abiotic stress responses^free

Xiangfeng Wang, Min Xu, Caiji Gao, Yonglun Zeng, Yong Cui, Wenjin Shen and Liwen Jiang

In this review, we present an update about the functions and regulatory mechanisms of both secretory trafficking and endocytic trafficking in plant adaptation to the everchanging environment, as well as discuss the non‐canonical functions of specific regulatory molecules in plant environmental adaptation.

The plant N-degron pathways of ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis^free

Michael John Holdsworth, Jorge Vicente, Gunjan Sharma, Mohamad Abbas and Agata Zubrycka

Selective destruction of proteins is a key point of regulation for intracellular homeostasis. Here we review the plant N‐degron pathways of ubiquitin‐mediated proteolysis, which target proteins through the recognition of aminoterminal residue. These pathways control multiple important aspects of development and stress responses, including the sensing of oxygen and nitric oxide.

COP9 signalosome: Discovery, conservation, activity, and function^free

Nanxun Qin, Dongqing Xu, Jigang Li and Xingwang Deng

The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is a multiprotein complex that is evolutionarily conserved from fission yeast to humans. This review summarizes the discovery, composition, structure, and function of CSN in the regulation of plant development in response to external (light and temperature) and internal cues (phytohormones).

Experiencing winter for spring flowering: A molecular epigenetic perspective on vernalization^free

Xiao Luo and Yuehui He

Many over‐wintering plants in temperate climates overcome a block to flowering after experiencing prolonged cold exposure in winter, through a process termed as vernalization. This enables plants to flower in the following spring. Here, we summarized genetic, molecular and epigenetic mechanisms underlying vernalization responses in crucifers and temperate grasses.

New insights into gibberellin signaling in regulating flowering in Arabidopsis^free

Shengjie Bao, Changmei Hua, Lisha Shen and Hao Yu

Gibberellin (GA) is one of major plant hormones that affects flowering time in Arabidopsis. In this review, we summarized the recent advances in understanding the molecular mechanisms of DELLA‐mediated GA pathway in flowering time control in Arabidopsis, and discussed the possible links with other phytohormone pathwaysduring the floral transition.

Cell polarity: Regulators and mechanisms in plants^free

Kezhen Yang, Lu Wang, Jie Le and Juan Dong

Cell polarity is a fundamental feature of the plant cells. In this review, we highlight the functions of key polarity factors and the mechanisms for the establishment of membrane asymmetries in plant development.

The mechanism and function of active DNA demethylation in plants^free

Ruie Liu and Zhaobo Lang

The mechanism of active DNA demethylation was first established in plants. Recent research discovered the physiological functions of active DNA demethylation in plant development, immunity, abiotic stress response, nodulation and fruit ripening. This review highlights the biochemical pathway, regulatory factors and the various functions of active DNA demethylation.

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