代孕妈妈不好当
Ukraine, one of Europe's poorest nations, is fast becoming the place to go for people desperate to find a surrogate to have their baby.
乌克兰，这个欧洲最穷的国家，正迅速成为那些急于找人代孕生孩子的人的好去处。
The money on offer is drawing in many young women, but there are fears they could be exploited.
巨额的报酬吸引了很多的年轻女性，不过其中也有她们面临的担忧。
Ana* was 18 years old when she found out about surrogacy from a television news report.
安娜在电视新闻报道里看到代孕的消息时她才十八岁。
She had just finished secondary school and had plans to work in a hotel in her small western Ukrainian town, where tourists come to see a medieval castle.
她才念完中学，打算在她的乌克兰家乡的西部小镇的旅馆里打工，这边有一个中型的城堡游客会来参观。
That job pays $200 a month, but for carrying someone else's baby, she learned, she could earn up to $20,000 (£14,000).
那份工作一个月200美元，但如果帮人生孩子，她看到，她可以赚20，000美元（14，000欧元）。
Ana's family is not poor by local standards.
按当地的标准来看，安娜家不算太穷。
Her mother is an accountant and has always supported her.
她的妈妈是一名会计，对她总是很支持。
But she says she was drawn to surrogacy because she "wanted to have something more", to be able to afford "expensive things" - house renovations, a car, appliances.
但她说她被代孕吸引是因为她“想要拥有更多”，想要买得起“昂贵的东西”—房屋翻修，一辆车，家用电器等。
Ana stirs her latte nervously as she talks.
安娜边说边紧张地搅拌着自己的拿铁咖啡。
Although hundreds of women are doing it, surrogacy is still not talked about openly in Ukraine.
尽管目前有成百上千的女性正在做，代孕在乌克兰仍然不会被公开谈论。
Foreign couples have been coming to this corner of Europe in droves since 2015, when surrogacy hotspots in Asia began closing their industries one-by-one, amid reports of exploitation.
外国的夫妇们自从2015年就开始成群结队来到这欧洲的角落，那时原来亚洲代孕的热门地区正逐步一个个地随着调查报道的深入而关闭。
Barred from India, Nepal and Thailand, they turned to Ukraine, one of the few places left where surrogacy can still be arranged at a fraction of what it costs in the US.
在印度，尼泊尔和泰国禁止代孕后，他们开始来到乌克兰，这是剩下的少数只花在美国花的一小部分费用就可以找到代孕的地方。
"We have so many childless couples coming to our country - it's like a conveyor belt," says Ana, who asked for her identity to be protected.
“有这么多的没有子女的夫妇来到我们的国家—就像传送带一样，”安娜说，她希望记者能够为她提供身份保护。
When she was 21, and after some years of hotel work, Ana finally decided to become a surrogate.
当她21岁时，在旅馆工作了几年之后，安娜最终决定成为一名代孕者。
By then she had a daughter and realised she was eligible.
当时她有了一个女儿，也发现她是合格的。
Under Ukrainian law, a surrogate must have a child of their own before carrying someone else's.
根据乌克兰法律，代孕者必须先有一个她们自己的孩子才能帮别人代孕。
If you have your own child, you are less likely to become attached to the one you must give away, those who recruit the women say.
如果你有一个自己的孩子，你就不那么容易对这个将会被抱走的孩子产生太多感情，负责招募代孕者的女士说。
Ana began trawling the websites where surrogates, agents, clinics and assorted middlemen post advertisements.
安娜开始在各种有代孕者，代孕局，诊所，和打广告的中间人的网站上撒网。
Soon she was 450km (280 miles) away, in the capital Kiev, for health checks.
很快她就来到了450公里（280英里）以外的首都基辅去进行体检。
She signed a contract with a couple from Slovenia unable to have their own child.
她跟一对不能生育的斯洛文尼亚的夫妇签订了合同。
Ana was lucky - an embryo implanted in her uterus the first time she underwent the taxing transfer process.
安娜很幸运—她第一次进行移植过程就有一颗胚胎在她的子宫里着床了。
But it was then that the difficulties started.
不过从那时起各种困难就来了。
She says the quality of care provided by the clinic went downhill quickly.
她说由诊所提供的各种服务质量就迅速下滑了。
Some surrogates had health problems that were not diagnosed correctly or treated on time, leading to complications, she says.
有的代孕者有一些健康问题而没有得到正确和及时的诊断，最后导致各种综合症，她说。
She posted her complaints online to warn other women but was rebuked by the clinic and remains too nervous to name them publicly.
她在网上发布了她的抱怨来警告别的女性但遇到了诊所的要挟，至今她也不敢公开说出是哪家诊所。
The baby she delivered was born healthy but the experience left Ana wary.
她怀的孩子健康出生了，但这段经历让安娜警醒了。
Still, she has now agreed to be a surrogate again, this time for a Japanese couple.
如今，她又答应了再做一次代孕，这次是替一对日本夫妇。
They are handling things through a lawyer in Kiev and she will likely never meet them in person.
他们通过基辅的一名律师来处理各事宜，她将没有机会跟他们亲自会面。
Ana has been more prudent in her choice of clinic this time around, but if all goes to plan, by the age of 24 she will have given birth to three children - one of her own, and two for someone else.
安娜这次选择诊所的时候更加小心，如果一切按计划来的话，在24岁的时候她将总共生下三个孩子—一个她自己的，两个帮别人代孕的。
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