for 与 since 的主要区别真的很简单，主要记住一点，它们的区别就能迎刃而解，就是遇到时间点用 since，比如具体的年月日或事件等；时间段用 for，不一定是一个具体的时间段，但必须是一个时间段，比如：几天、几周或几个月等等。一、用 for 或 since 完成下面的句子1 They have been living in Madrid _____ 1972.2. He has been in prison _____ four years.3. He has known about the fact _____ a long time.4. Conditions have changed a lot _____ we were children.5. Our teacher has been very ill _____ the last month.6. I haven't eaten anything _____ twenty-four hours.7. In fact he is always very rude. We have been waiting for him _____ half an hour.8. I haven't seen him for three years. It is because I haven't been there _____ I left school.9. I have been trying to mend this old fashioned car _____ hours.10. One of my friends has been teaching in Tokyo _____ three years. I haven't met him since last year.11. I haven't enjoyed myself _____ two weeks since I heard that my final exam grades were low.12. I know that you have never seen a lion _____ you were born. Then now I say that we can go to the zoo and see one.13. The police have been looking for him for two weeks _____ he escaped from the prison.14. He hasn't spoken to me even a word _____ the last meeting.15. I haven't phoned him _____ a week.16. He has been the principal of our high school _____ 1988.17. Dean has been learning Japanese _____ two years.
二、答案、参考翻译及解析1. since他们从1972年起就住在马德里。解析：具体的年 1972 是时间点，所以用 since.2. for他入狱四年了。解析：四年是一个具体的时间段，所以用 for.3. for他早就知道这个事实了。解析：a long time 是一个不具体的时间段，所以用 for.4. since自从我们还是孩子以来，情况发生了很大的变化。解析：we were children 是具体的事件（时间点），所以用 since.5. since上个月以来，我们老师病得很厉害。解析：the last month 是时间点，所以用 since；在实际的应用中，可以用逆向的思维来作答，比如若不确定是否能用 for，就试着用 for 去替代 since，你会发现意思完成行不通，或是你根本就不能翻译通顺。注意：有的时候是 last months，就要考虑用 for. 6. for我已经24小时没吃东西了。解析：twenty-four hours 是一个具体的时间段，所以用 for.7. for事实上他总是很粗鲁。我们已经等了他半个小时了。解析：half an hour 是一个具体的时间段，所以用 for.8. since我已经三年没见他了。因为我离开学校后就没去过那里。解析：I left school 是具体的事件（时间点），所以用 since.9. for我已经试着修这辆老式汽车好几个小时了。解析：hours 译为“长时间”，是一个不具体的时间段，所以用 for.10. for我的一个朋友在东京教书三年了。从去年起我就没见过他。解析：three years 是一个具体的时间段，所以用 for.11. for自从听说我的期末考试成绩很低以来，我已经两个星期没玩得开心了。解析：two weeks 是一个时间段，所以用 for.12. since我知道你从出生起就没见过狮子。现在我说我们可以去动物园看一个。解析：you were born 是具体的事件（时间点），所以用 since.13. since自从他越狱以来，警方已经找了他两个星期了。解析：he escaped from the prison 是具体的事件（时间点），所以用 since.14. since自从上次见面后，他一句话也没跟我说。解析：the last meeting 是具体的事件（时间点），所以用 since.15. for我已经一个星期没给他打电话了。解析：a week 是一个具体的时间段，所以用 for.16. since他自1988年以来一直是我们高中的校长。解析：具体的年 1988 是时间点，所以用 since.17. for迪恩学日语已经两年了。解析：two years 是一个具体的时间段，所以用 for.
