Plant J: 华中农业大学园艺罗正荣教授团队在柿子果实果实风味方面取得新进展
原花青素(PAs)是酚类次生代谢产物,有助于保护植物和人类健康。
柿子(柿子柿)可以在果实中积累丰富的PA,从而引起涩味。
原花青素可分为可溶和不可溶PA。前者会引起涩味,而后者则不会。
与乙醛相互作用后,可溶的PA可以转化为不溶的PA。
我们在这里证明,调节柿子果肉中PA的积累的DkMYB14是一种双功能转录因子,在PA生物合成中起阻遏作用,但在参与乙醛生物合成时成为活化剂。
有趣的是,这两种功能均通过减少PA生物合成并促进其不溶而有助于消除涩味。
我们显示,DkMYB14的C末端的R2域中的氨基酸Gly39和乙烯反应因子相关的两亲性阻遏样基序对于调节PA和乙醛合成都是必不可少的。
任一基序突变后,DkMYB14的抑制功能丧失,并且两个基序突变后,DkMYB14的所有活性均被消除。
我们的结果表明,DkMYB14既起转录激活剂作用,又起阻遏作用,直接抑制PA的生物合成并促进其不溶,从而导致柿子不涩。
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are phenolic secondary metabolites that contribute to the protection of plant and human health. Persimmon (Diospyros kaki Thunb.) can accumulate abundant PAs in fruit, which cause a strong sensation of astringency. Proanthocyanidins can be classified into soluble and insoluble PAs; the former cause astringency but the latter do not. Soluble PAs can be converted into insoluble PAs upon interacting with acetaldehydes. We demonstrate here that DkMYB14, which regulates the accumulation of PA in persimmon fruit flesh, is a bifunctional transcription factor that acts as a repressor in PA biosynthesis but becomes an activator when involved in acetaldehyde biosynthesis. Interestingly, both functions contribute to the elimination of astringency by decreasing PA biosynthesis and promoting its insolubilization. We show that the amino acid Gly39 in the R2 domain and the ethylene response factor-associated amphiphilic repression-like motif in the C-terminal of DkMYB14 are essential for the regulation of both PA and acetaldehyde synthesis. The repressive function of DkMYB14 was lost after the mutation of either motif, and all activities of DkMYB14 were eliminated following the mutation of both motifs. Our results demonstrate that DkMYB14 functions as both a transcriptional activator and a repressor, directly repressing biosynthesis of PA and promoting its insolubilization, resulting in non-astringency in persimmon.
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