成人低风险甲状腺微小乳头状癌主动监测的适应症和策略:日本内分泌外科协会甲状腺微小乳头状癌管理工作组的...
成人低风险甲状腺微小乳头状癌主动监测的适应症和策略:日本内分泌外科协会甲状腺微小乳头状癌管理工作组的共识声明
摘要
背景: 如何管理低风险甲状腺微小乳头状癌(PTMC;T1aN0M0)患者的问题最近已成为一个重要的临床问题。自20世纪90年代以来,两个日本中心对低风险PTMC进行了前瞻性主动监测临床试验,报告了良好的结果。因此,这项政策在世界范围内被逐渐采用,以避免过度治疗。然而,并非所有的PTMCs都适用于主动监测,许多医生仍然对在日常临床实践中应用管理政策犹豫不决。由日本内分泌外科协会创建的PTMC管理工作组收集分析了文献证据,并提出了目前关于主动监测适应症和具体策略的共识声明,以促进对诊断为低风险PTMC的成年患者的管理。
总结: 这些声明为T1aN0M0低风险PTMC成年患者的主动监测提供了适应症。具有临床淋巴结转移、远处转移、由于癌侵袭导致的喉返神经(RLN)麻痹或突出到气管腔内的PTMCs需要立即手术。细胞学上疑似侵袭性亚型的肿瘤建议立即手术。对于附着在气管上或位于RLN沿线的肿瘤,也建议立即手术。实用策略包括诊断、决策、跟踪和与实施自动化系统相关的监控。老年患者的低风险PTMC进展率较低,然而,只要情况允许,我们建议继续主动监测。还描述了低风险PTMC优化管理的未来任务,包括分子标记和患者报告的结果。
结论: 需要一个适当的多学科团队来准确评估主动监测开始和期间的原发性肿瘤和淋巴结,并与单个患者充分达成共同决定。如果应用得当,低风险PTMC的主动监测是一种安全的管理策略,可提供良好的结果,并以低成本保持生活质量。
关键词: 甲状腺微小乳头状癌(PTMC),主动监测,适应症,策略,工作组共识声明,日本内分泌外科协会
正式介绍
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