高考常见词as用法总结
高考常见词as用法总结
近几年高考中有关as一词的题目出现过很多次，其中as或是最佳选项，或是干扰项，或是题干中的关键信息点，涉及as作为连词、介词、关系代词、副词以及习语等各种用法。现结合高考试题将as的用法归纳如下：
一、 用作连词的as
1. 引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，其用法与when和while类似。例如：As a child (When he was a child), she was sent to six differentschools. 此用法中as多表示从句与主句动作同时进行，一般不与状态动词连用，意为“一边……一边……”。例如：She sang songs as she did her homework.
as 还可以表示一动作紧接着另一动作发生，说明另一动作的结果，有“随着……”的含义。例如：As time went by, we found he was an honest man./As he grew older, helost interest in everything except gardening.
例1It wasn’t until nearly a monthlater________ I received the manager’s reply.
A.since B. when
C. as D. that
解析：本题中的as与when一起作为干扰项，容易使同学往时间状语从句上思考，事实上本题是强调句，正确选项是D。
2. 引导原因状语从句，表示“由于，因为”，相当于because, 但通常置于句首。例如：As he is a qualifieddoctor, I trust his advice on medical matters.
例2_____ modeling business is by nomeans easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand.
A.While B. Since
C. As D. If
解析：本题中as干扰性很强，很多同学误以为是原因状语从句，但仔细分析不难发现正确答案应是A（while表示“只要”）。
3. 引导让步状语从句，通常可与although或though通用，但语序不同，although或though用于句首，as用于倒装结构。例如：Young as I am, I alreadyknow what career I want to follow. /Although（或Though）I am young, Ialready know what career I want to follow.
as 表示让步用于倒装结构，通常将从句的表语、状语或动词前置。如果表语有冠词a/an,需去掉。例如：Greatscholar as he is, he is lacking in common sense./Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you. / Try as he would,he couldn’t
open the door.
例3_____ he has limited technicalknowledge, the older worker has a lot of experience.
A.Since B. Unless
C. As D. Although
解析： as 虽然有引导让步状语从句的用法，但本题不是倒装结构，故正确答案应是D。
4. 引导方式状语从句，表示“如，像”。例如：When in Rome, doas Romans do./Do to others as you would have others do to you.
例4We wanted to get home before dark,but it didn’t quite______ as planned.
A. makeout B. turn out
C. goon D. come up
解析： 本题考查动词词组辨析，题干中的“as planned”提供了重要信息，答案选B。
5. 固定句型：“主句，as +be/do+主语”表示“也一样”。例如：She’s unusually tall, as are both herparents./He’s a doctor,as was his wife before she had children.
二、 用作介词的as
1. 表示“如，像”。例如：They got united as oneman./She spoke of me as her dearest friend.
2. 表示“作为，当作”。例如：As a League member, youshould think more of others./After graduating from the college, he firstlyworked as a clerk in a big company.
3. 与某些动词搭配，表示“把……当作……”，如：lookon...as..., regard...as..., treat...as..., consider...as..., think of...as...,see...as...等。其中consider...as...中的as可以省略。as与famous或known搭配，表示“作为……而出名”。
例5Linda worked for the MinnesotaManufacturing and Mining Company, ________ as 3M.
A.knowing B. known
C. beingknown D. to be known
解析： 如果熟悉be known as这一短语，运用有关非谓语动词的常识，就可选出正确答案B。
三、 用作关系代词的as
1. 引导限制性定语从句，先行词前通常有as, so, such, same等修饰语。例如：He will marry as pretty agirl as he can find./My hometown is no longer the same as it used to be./Asmany people as are present will be given a present.在此种用法中，同学们要注意与结果状语从句的区别。比如：① Theteacher asked us such a difficult question that none of us could answer it.② The teacher asked us such adifficult question as none of us could answer.①句为结果状语从句，而②句则是定语从句。
2. 引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个主句（即先行句），表示“这一事实，那一情况”。从句可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如：We stand when the national anthem is played, as is the custom.
例6______ I explained on thetelephone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.
A. When B. After
C. As D. Since
解析： 根据句意，选项C是正确答案。这里as体现的正是本点所讲用法。
例7_______ is our belief thatimprovements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.
A. As B. That
C. This D. It
解析： 本题中的as项干扰性很强，容易误选。实际上，句中that引导的应是真正的主语从句，it充当形式主语，故选D。如果将题干中的that换为逗号，则必须选as。
例8Danby left word with my secretary________ he would call again in the afternoon.
A. who B. that
C. as D. which
解析： that引导的从句是word的同位语，本题应选B。as无此用法，在这里起干扰作用。
四、 用作副词的as
修饰形容词或副词，表示程度，意为“同样地”。例如：He swims fast, but I swim just as fast. 但它通常构成表示比较的结构as...as...，not as...as...。此结构中第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词。否定结构中的副词as可以由so代替。as...as possible和as...as one can也属于这种用法。例如：It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is ascience./The movie was not as good as I had expected./I play tennis as well ashim.
五、 用在习语中的as
由as构成的习语很多，常见的有：as soon as “一……就”，引导时间状语从句；as（或so） long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句；as if/though “好像，仿佛”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句；as to（或as for） “至于，就……而言”；as much（或many） as“多达……”；as（或so） far as “就……的限度”；as a result of “（由于……的）结果”；as a matter of fact“事实上”；as well “也，还”；A as well as B“不但A而且B”；as it is“照现状看，看样子”，等等。这些习语在高考中出现频率较高，有的作为正确选项，有的作为干扰项，有的出现在题干。例如：
例9I would like a job which pays more,but ______ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.
A. in otherwords
B. on the otherhand
C. for onething
D. as amatter of fact
解析： 选项D极具干扰意义，进一步研读会发现本题中的两个分句表达了一件事的两个对立面，故选B。
例10 —People should stop using theircars and start using public transport.
—______. The roads are too crowded as it is.
A. Allright B. Exactly
C. Goahead D. Fine
解析： 本题的as没有出现在选项中，但题干中的asit is是解题的关键信息，正确选项为B。
例11Maggie has been fortunate to find ajob she loves and, _____, she gets well paid for it.
A. sooner orlater
B. what’s more
C. as aresult
D. more orless
解析： 本题的后一个分句不表示结果，而是递进，故选B而不是C。
例12The winter of 1990 was extremelybad. _______ most people say it was the worst winter of their lives.
A. At lastB. In fact
C. In aword D. As a result
解析： 选项D起干扰作用，正确选项为B。
以上总结的是as一词在教材中出现的主要用法及在高考卷中的具体应用，可以看出它词性多，词义广，用法灵活。同学们在复习中一定要理清思路，抓住重点，应用时仔细分析上下文，弄清逻辑关系，才能作出正确选择。
“as...as... ”的结构的理解和翻译
“ as …… as ……”是大家熟悉的一种结构，常译为“像……一样”。但在实际应用中，会有例外。如在《大学体验英语》中有这样一个句子：
Anti-virussoftware plays one， albeit important， part in the defense of your company from malicious attack but thesecurity of your computer system is only as strong as the weakest link. Andthat， more oftenthan not， is the humanfactor.
在这里，将 as …… as ……译为“像……一样”，显然是行不通的。如何解决这一问题？我们可以从 as …… as ……的结构入手，分析一下它的用法。
1. 当主语是同一性质的事物比较时， as …… as ……解释为“同……一样”
例： John isas bright as Bob. 约翰和鲍博一样聪明。
2. 当 as …… as …… 结构的主语相同，而比较项目不同，即把同一事物两种不同性质的方面等同比较时，相当于 both …… and …… ，可译为“既……又……”
例： He is asbrave as wise. 他既勇敢又聪明。
She is asgifted as diligent. 她不但有天赋，而且勤奋。
根据以上讨论，我们可以将上面一个句子译为：“杀毒软件的作用固然重要，但在保护公司不受恶意攻击的战斗中，只能起一定的作用。公司的计算机系统安全与否，恰恰系于一个既薄弱又牢固的环节，而这个环节往往取决于人。”
除此以外， as …… as……还有以下几种用法：
1. as …… as ……结构的两个主语和两个比较项目都不同，即把两个不同的人和物在不同的方面比较时，相当于 whereas ，可译为“而”。
例： He was asexperienced as his brother was green. 他经验丰富，而他的弟弟则涉世未深。
The prisonsare as over-crowded as the farmlands are empty. 监狱里人满为患，而地里却无人耕作。
2. 当 as …… as …… 的结构后面连接 can / any / ever / possible / 等词时，表示最高级的意思，可译为“极其，最好或尽量”。
例： He is aswrong as wrong can be. 他大错特错了。
This is asfair a land as ever. 这是一片最美的土地。
3. 当 as ……as …… 结构后面表示重量、数量、时间、距离等计量名词时，相当于 up to ，表示程度，可译为“达到……”。
例： The riveris as deep as 10 meters. 此河深达 10 米。
At night， the temperature on the moon may beas low as -160 ℃ . 在夜晚，月球的温度可能低至零下 160 度。
as …… as ……结构还有一些固定搭配的词组，其中意思也难于从字面上猜测，如 asgood as 简直是 / 几乎等于， as soon as not 更愿意， as likely as not 很可能， as often as not 往往 / 常常，这些需要平时多加积累和注意。
关于as...as结构的几个句式
在讲到形容词比较级as...as 时，绝大多数讲的都是 as +形容词+ as 结构。例如：
He is as handsome as his brother (is). 他和他哥哥一样英俊。
Judy goes to themovies as often as Sara does. 朱迪像莎拉一样时常去看电影。
Old John goes tosleep as easily as a baby does. 老约翰像婴儿一样容易入睡。
He cannot runso/as fast as you. 他不能有你跑得那么快。
但是，像上面那样的例子多了，就产生一个问题：不少学生都以为as ...as 中间只有形容词。实际上，在 as...as 结构中，还可以有其它的几个句式。
1、 as 形容词+名词 as 句式
这种结构在文章中也很常见，但很多学生不习惯。这里给几个例子，请大家仔细研究一下，提一点请大家注意，就是：形容词后面(包括many/much) 的名词有单数、有复数、有不可数。例如：
This is as good an example as the other is. 这和另外一个一样是个好例子。
He is as nice aboy as Peter (is). 他和彼得一样都是好男孩。
The girls are asbusy with their work as bees. 这些女孩子就跟蜜蜂一样忙着工作。
She has as many friends as Mary (does). 她和玛丽一样有许多朋友。
He has as muchmoney as John (does). 他和约翰一样有很多钱。
I can carry asmuch paper as you can. 你能搬多少纸，我也能搬多少。
2、as many as 与 as much as
这两个比较的意思是“像……一样多”，既可以把它们作为比较级看，也可以把它们看作是一个固定的词组。同样，在 ...many/much... 后面可以插入名词，形成 as...many/much +名词...as 的句式。例如：
(1) 作为固定词组来使用的，相当于“……那么多”。
She has as many as seven sisters. 她的姊妹有七人之多。
As many as 100people were killed in the air crash. 这次空难中多达一百人丧生。
I gave thebeggar as much as 1,00 yen. 我给了这乞丐整整一百元。
Building costsran up to as much as $ 20 million. 建筑费用涨到高达两千万。
类似的“长达……”、“宽达……”、“早在…”等，也可以用这种结构表示。例如：
I have been learning English (for) as long as15 years. 我学英文已有十五年之久。
He came home aslate as two in the morning. 他迟至清晨两点才回家。
I saw yourbrother as late as last week. 上个礼拜我还看到你哥哥。
The river is aswide as 100 meters. 这条河宽达一百公尺。
I mailed theletter as early as Friday. 我早在星期五就把信寄了。
We walked as faras the railroad station. 我们走到火车站那样远的地方。
(2) 作为比较级来使用的，后面可以插入名词，意思是“……一样”。
To eat too much is as much a bad thing as toeat nothing. 吃太多和什么都不吃同样是坏事。
He is as much amember of the orchestra as Tom. 他和汤姆同样是管弦乐队的成员。
Comets are justas much members of the sun’s family as (are) the other planets. 彗星和其他的行星同样是太阳家族的成员。
3、as...as one can(could) / as...as possilbe / as ... as ... can be
这几个结构意思差不多，都表示“尽可能”的意思。例如：
(1) as..can
Take as much exercise as you can. 尽可能多做运动。
Be as careful asyou can. 尽可能小心。
You should be ascareful as you can in making friends. 在交朋友方面，你应该尽可能小心。
To speak Englishfluently, you had better read as many English articles as you can.
要想把英文讲得很流利，你最好尽量多看英文文章。
We had betterlearn by heart as many sentence patterns as we can. 我们最好尽可能多背句型。
I will try tosave as much as I can. 我会设法尽可能多储蓄。
(2) as..could
Our teacher explained the lesson to us asclearly as he could.
我们的老师尽可能清楚地为我们解释这一课。
She needed tosoften her request to make it as polite and courteous as she could.
她需要使请求语气柔婉，以便尽可能把它变成有礼貌与客气。
I looked downthe road as far as I could. 我尽可能遥望这条路。
(3) as...as can be
His failure is as plain as plain can be. 他的失败是再明白不过了。
He is ashandsome as (handsome) can be. 他潇洒极了。
She is as kindas can be. 她极为和颜悦色。
Mary is ashardworking as can be. 玛丽在班上之用功不输任何人。
He may not be soclever as Peter, but he is as industrious as can be. 他也许不如彼得聪明，但却用功极了。
其它例如：
as plain asplain can be（再明白不过了）
as wise as wise canbe（再聪明不过了）
as white aswhite can be（白得不能再白了）
as wrong aswrong can be（错得太离谱）
4、as ... as ever
as ever 可以当成一个词组，意思是“与以往一样”。例如：
He seems to beas busy as ever. 他似乎和往常一样忙碌。
He works as hardas ever. 他和往常一样努力工作。
She was asbeautiful as ever after so many years. 过了那么多年，她美丽如故。
扫一扫加入英语学习圈