新目标英语八年级下册,Unit 2基础知识点讲解

1. cheer v. 欢呼;喝彩

  Every time our basketball team scores a goal, each of our classmates cheers loudly. 每当我们篮球队进了球,我们每个同学都大声欢呼。

  Dear students, please cheer for our youth. 同学们,请为我们的青春喝彩。

  【拓展】 cheer up 振奋起来

  I think he misses her terribly. You might cheer him up. 我估计他是太想念她了。也许你可以让他打起点儿精神来。

2. satisfaction n. 满足;满意

  He was glad and nodded with satisfaction. 他很高兴,满意地点头。

  【拓展】 satisfying adj. 令人满意的;令人满足的,形容物;satisfied adj. 感到满意的,形容人;satisfy vi. 令人满意;令人满足vt. 满足;使满意

3. volunteer n. 义务工作者;志愿者

  vt. 义务(做);自愿(做)

  She was a volunteer; she hadnt had to be press-ganged. 她是一个志愿者,不一定非是受人迫使的。

  They volunteered to repair the house for the old lady. 他们主动提出替老太太修缮房子。

4. lonely adj. 孤独的;寂寞的

  I feel very lonely without my good friend. 我的好朋友不在旁边我就很寂寞。

  【辨析】 lonely和alone

  lonely是形容词,alone是副词。lonely是指心灵上的,意为“寂寞,孤独”。alone是指行为或动作上的,意为“单独,独自”。

  She lives alone and often feels lonely. 她孑然一身,常感到寂寞。

  I dont like going out alone at night. 我不喜欢夜晚单独外出。

5. excited adj. 激动的;兴奋的

  I am excited at the news. 听到这个消息我很兴奋。

  Are you excited about going to Beijing?你对去北京感到兴奋吗?

  【辨析】 excited和exciting

  excited与 exciting都是形容词。excited意为“兴奋的”,一般修饰人;而exciting意为“令人感到兴奋的”,一般修饰物。如:interest, frighten, surprise, move, terrify等,这些词的  -ed形容词和-ing形容词的用法都与之相似。

6. disabled adj. 丧失能力的;有残疾的

  The accident disabled his father for work last year. 去年的一起事故使他的爸爸丧失了工作能力。

  Her family is very poor because her father is ill and he is disabled. 她的家庭很穷,因为她父亲病了,而且残疾。

7. understand v. 懂;理解;領会

  understand的过去式是understood。

  They are too young to understand what is going on. 他们还太小,不明白发生了什么事。

  It would be nice to have someone who really understood me, a friend. 要是有个真正理解我的朋友就好了。

  8. clean up 打扫干净;整理

  We have to clean up the classroom before we leave. 我们必须把教室打扫干净才能走。

  【拓展】 动词之后加介词或副词构成短语,表达一种特定的含义,称为短语动词。如:look at 看;look like 看上去像;look after 照料;listen to 听;welcome to 欢迎到……;say hello to 向……问好;speak to 对……说;put on 穿上;take off 脱下;起飞;write down 记下;come on 赶快;get up 起床;come in 进来;sit down 坐下;stand up起立等。

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