作家名片 | 贾平凹——聪明、善于不露痕迹搞幽默的作家

近年来，中华文化“走出去”的影响力不断扩大，在全球文化多元化发展日益兴盛的背景下，中国文化译研网(CCTSS)联合中国作家协会《小说选刊》杂志社，启动“新世纪中国当代作家、作品海外传播数据库”项目，将100位中国当代优秀作家的简介、代表作品以及展示作家风采的短视频翻译为10种语言，集结成1000张中国作家名片向全球推介。千张“作家名片”将鲜明地向世界宣告：我是中国作家，我在进行中国创作。

此种形式和规模是中国故事走向世界的一大创新，会让世界更加全面、客观、公正地了解中国优秀作家作品，同时也是打通中国文化走向世界的“最后一公里”。

贾平凹，男，原名贾平娃。1952年2月生于陕西省商洛市丹凤县棣花镇。任中国作家协会副主席，全国人大代表。1975年毕业于西北大学中文系。2017年获得由澳门大学颁授的荣誉博士学位。代表作有《浮躁》《废都》《秦腔》《古炉》等，其中《秦腔》获得第七届茅盾文学奖。贾平凹是个“聪明、善于不露痕迹搞幽默的作家”（作家王蒙评）。有多部作品被翻译成英、法、俄、日、韩等多种语言，并在海外出版。

贾平凹创作了许多以中国商州地区为背景的小说，被列为“商州系列”。贾平凹的小说有很强的历史感和时代感，总是通过细小局部的现象反映巨大的历史变化，反映变革中人心的动荡；他的语言具有鲜明的西北地方特色，体现出西北地区独特的语言、风俗以及独具魅力的人文世情，近些年他的作品语言融合了准确性、丰富性及多义性；小说的结构体现了中国传统章回体小说的特点，由点及面，点面结合，丰盈了故事的内蕴。

《浮躁》是贾平凹的第一部长篇小说，出版时即引起很大轰动，并获得美国美孚飞马文学奖。小说以主人公金狗的充满变化的人生经历为线索，逐渐展开商州丰富复鲜活的社会画卷。金狗经历了务农、参军、复员回乡、作州报记者、辞职跑运输，而伴随着他的经历表现的是当时浮躁的社会状态。《废都》描写了当代知识分子的生活，并反映了中国20世纪80年代的当代生活。在西安这座城市的背景下，主人公庄之蝶与几位女性展开了复杂的情感纠葛，并辅以对阮知非等诸名士的叙述。与庄之蝶产生情感纠葛的四位女性——牛月清、唐宛儿、柳月、阿灿，她们各有不同的经历、性格，反映了不同的阶层、不同群体的特点，堪称当时社会的横切面。小说风格大胆独特，有“出位”的性描写，引起了社会各界的关注。《秦腔》通过写清风街的白家和夏家在三十年里的生老病死、悲欢离合，真实而生动地再现了中国社会大转型给农村带来的激烈冲击和变化。土地的流失，清风镇上人们的勾心斗角，给农民带来的心灵惊恐和撕裂。

最近几年，贾平凹推出了《古炉》《带灯》《极花》等重要作品。《极花》写了一个被拐卖的女孩的遭遇。小说以女孩的所见所感为线索进行叙述，生动全面地反映了她被拐卖的经历和内心的煎熬，同时展示了她被拐卖到的那个偏远山区的情况。2018年年初贾平凹出版了最新长篇小说《山本》，贾平凹是一位当代文坛上罕见的创作力极为旺盛的作家。

Jia Pingwa. Male. Original name Jia Pingwa (different character for wa). Jia Pingwa was born in the town of Lihua in Danfeng county in the city of Shangluo in Shaanxi province in February 1952. Jia Pingwa serves as Vice Chairman of the China Writer’s Association and as a Deputy to the National People’s Congress. He graduated from Northwest University’s Chinese Department in 1975. In 2017 he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Macau. His signature works include Restless, Deserted Capital, Shanxi Opera, and Old Furnace. Among these, Shanxi Opera won the Seventh Annual Mao Dun Literay Prize. Jia Pingwa is a “clever writer adept at being humorous without revealing any traces of it” (an appraisal by writer Wang Meng). Many of his works have been translated into multiple languages including English, French, Russian, Japanese, and Korean, and published overseas.

Jia Pingwa has written many novels with China’s Shangzhou region as their backdrop. These novels have been called the “Shangzhou Series”. Jia Pingwa’s novels have a strong historical and generational sense, and always mirror huge historical changes and the turmoil in people’s hearts during revolutions via tiny, local phenomenon. His language possesses the distinct local features of Northwest China, and embodies the unique language, customs, and charming cultural conditions and relationships of the northwestern China region. In the past few years the language of his works have blended in precision, richness, and ambiguity. The structure of his novels embody the characteristics of traditional Chinese novels that have captions for each chapter. His works are integrated from the most detailed to the most generalized descriptions, enriching the internal implications of the stories.

Restless is Jia Pingwa’s first book length novel. It caused a big sensation when it was published, and won America’s Mobil Pegasus Literature Award. The novel gradually unfolds a social picture scroll of Shangzhou that is rich and alive with the protagonist Jin Gou’s life experiences, which are brimming with changes, as clues. Jin Gou experiences life as a farmer, joins the military, demobilizes and returns home, works as a Shanghzou reporter, quits and goes into the transportation business. What is manifested alongside his experiences is the restless state of society at that time. Deserted Capital depicts the life of contemporary intellectuals, and mirrors the modern life of 1980’s China. Under the backdrop of the city of Xi’an, a complicated emotional dispute unfolds between the protagonist Zhuang Zhidie and a few women, and is supplemented with accounts of celebrities like Ruan Zhifei. The four women who have an emotional entanglement with Zhuang Zhidie -- Niu Yueqing, Tang Yuan’er, Liu Yue, and A’Can -- each have different histories and personalities, and reflect the features of different social classes and different groups. One could say it is a cross section of society at that time. The novel’s style is bold and distinctive. It has 'stand out’ descriptions of sex that garnered attention from all sectors of society. Shanxi Opera realistically and vividly reproduces the acute impact and change that China’s great social transformation had on the countryside via recounting the story of the twenty years of births, deaths, illnesses, old age, joys, and sorrows of Qingfeng Street’s Bai and Xia families, and the panic-stricken and torn souls of the peasantry brought about by the loss of the land and the infighting of the people of Qingfeng town.

In the past few years Jia Pingwa has released important works including Old Furnace, Dai Deng, andJi Hua. Ji Hua tells the story of the experience of an abducted and trafficked girl. The novel initiates its narrative with what the girl sees and feels as clues, vividly and comprehensively mirroring her experience of being abducted and trafficked and her inner torment. At the same time, it displays the situation of the remote mountain region she is trafficked to. Jia Pingwa’s newest novel Yamamoto was published in early 2018. Jia Pingwa is a writer of extremely exuberant creativity rarely seen in the contemporary literary world.

编辑 | 罗雨静

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