Sql Server数据库常用Transact-SQL脚本

数据库

1、创建数据库

USE master ;  GO  CREATE DATABASE Sales  ON   ( NAME = Sales_dat,      FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\saledat.mdf',      SIZE = 10,      MAXSIZE = 50,      FILEGROWTH = 5 )  LOG ON  ( NAME = Sales_log,      FILENAME = 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft SQL Server\MSSQL13.MSSQLSERVER\MSSQL\DATA\salelog.ldf',      SIZE = 5MB,      MAXSIZE = 25MB,      FILEGROWTH = 5MB ) ;  GO

2、查看数据库

SELECT name, database_id, create_date  FROM sys.databases ;

3、删除数据库

DROP DATABASE Sales;

表

1、创建表

CREATE TABLE PurchaseOrderDetail  (      ID uniqueidentifier NOT NULL      ,LineNumber smallint NOT NULL      ,ProductID int NULL      ,UnitPrice money NULL      ,OrderQty smallint NULL      ,ReceivedQty float NULL      ,RejectedQty float NULL      ,DueDate datetime NULL  );

2、删除表

DROP TABLE dbo.PurchaseOrderDetail;

3、重命名表

EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory', 'SalesTerr';

列

1、添加列

ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exa ADD column_b VARCHAR(20) NULL, column_c INT NULL ;

2、删除列

ALTER TABLE dbo.doc_exb DROP COLUMN column_b;

3、重命名列

EXEC sp_rename 'Sales.SalesTerritory.TerritoryID', 'TerrID', 'COLUMN';

约束

1、主键

--在现有表中创建主键ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive   ADD CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID);--在新表中创建主键CREATE TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive1   (      TransactionID int IDENTITY (1,1) NOT NULL      , CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED (TransactionID)   );--查看主键  SELECT name  FROM sys.key_constraints  WHERE type = 'PK' AND OBJECT_NAME(parent_object_id) = N'TransactionHistoryArchive';  GO  --删除主键ALTER TABLE Production.TransactionHistoryArchive  DROP CONSTRAINT PK_TransactionHistoryArchive_TransactionID;   GO

视图

1、创建视图

CREATE VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate  AS  SELECT p.FirstName, p.LastName, e.HireDate  FROM HumanResources.Employee AS e JOIN Person.Person AS  p  ON e.BusinessEntityID = p.BusinessEntityID ;   GO

2、删除视图

DROP VIEW V_EmployeeHireDate;

存储过程

1、创建存储过程

CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest       @LastName nvarchar(50),       @FirstName nvarchar(50)   AS       SELECT FirstName, LastName, Department      FROM HumanResources.vEmployeeDepartmentHistory      WHERE FirstName = @FirstName AND LastName = @LastName      AND EndDate IS NULL;  GO

2、删除存储过程

DROP PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeesTest;

3、执行存储过程

EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest N'Ackerman', N'Pilar';  -- Or  EXEC P_UspGetEmployeesTest @LastName = N'Ackerman', @FirstName = N'Pilar';  GO  -- Or  EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeesTest @FirstName = N'Pilar', @LastName = N'Ackerman';  GO

4、重命名存储过程

EXEC sp_rename 'P_UspGetAllEmployeesTest', 'P_UspEveryEmployeeTest2';

5、带有输出参数的存储过程

CREATE PROCEDURE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD  @SalesPerson nvarchar(50),  @SalesYTD money OUTPUT  AS        SELECT @SalesYTD = SalesYTD      FROM SalesPerson AS sp      JOIN vEmployee AS e ON e.BusinessEntityID = sp.BusinessEntityID      WHERE LastName = @SalesPerson;  RETURN  GO--调用DECLARE @SalesYTDBySalesPerson money;  EXECUTE P_UspGetEmployeeSalesYTD      N'Blythe',     @SalesYTD = @SalesYTDBySalesPerson OUTPUT; GO

游标

--定义要使用的变量DECLARE @Id uniqueidentifierDECLARE @Name nvarchar(50)DECLARE @Gender bitDECLARE @CreateTime nvarchar(50)--定义游标DECLARE Test_Cursor CURSOR FOR SELECT [Id],[Name],[Gender],[CreateTime] FROM Test--打开游标OPEN Test_Cursor--返回结果集中的第一行FETCH NEXT FROM Test_Cursor INTO @Id,@Name,@Gender,@CreateTimeWHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0BEGIN        --更新    UPDATE Test SET [Name] = [Name] + 'abc' WHERE CURRENT OF Test_Cursor    IF(@Id = '4D2F97EF-8FEB-4183-BFD0-089222000F69')    BEGIN        --删除        DELETE FROM Test WHERE CURRENT OF Test_Cursor    END    --紧跟当前行返回结果行，并且当前行递增为返回行。    FETCH NEXT FROM Test_Cursor INTO @Id,@Name,@Gender,@CreateTimeEND;--关闭游标CLOSE Test_Cursor;--删除游标DEALLOCATE Test_Cursor;

数据类型