英语口语怎么才能练好?改善口语的5个tips!

英语·口语技巧

本文来源:商务印书馆英语编辑室(ID: CP-English)

内容整理自《牛津英语语法教程》,一套“有声有色”的语法书。

英语口语语法和书面语法不大一样,是学习者容易忽视和感到困惑的地方。一起来看看下面五个语法要点吧。

1. 口语中的句子结构

It’s difficult, the exam.

非正式口语中的语法在某些方面与书面语法不同。句子通常不那么复杂,使用的连词种类更少,也更简单。

正式的书面语:

While the hotel was of quite a high standard, the food was disappointing.

非正式的口语:

The hotel was quite good, but the food was disappointing.

信息经常可以分开,以一条一条的形式呈现——句子并非总是遵循主语—谓语—宾语的语序。

The woman across the road, her brother, well, I was talking to him, and he said…

They work very hard, the students.

2. 省略句子开头  Must dash.

在非正式口语中,经常省略非重读的句子开头。

省略的主要是冠词、物主代词、人称代词、助动词和be动词、指示词和引导性的there is句型

Car’s running badly. (=The car’s…)

Shoelace is undone. (=My shoelace…)

Forgotten the umbrella again. (=He’s forgotten…)

You talking to me? (=Are you talking…?)

She ready? (=Is she ready?)

Must dash. (=I must dash.)

Won’t work. (=It won’t work)

Be four pounds fifty. (=That’ll be…)

No reason to panic. (= There’s no reason…)

3. 省略助动词后的词语  “Get up!” “I am!”

在非正式口语中,经常只用助动词,而不重复较长的表达

—Get up!

—I am. (=I am getting up.)

He said he’d write to me, but he hasn’t. (=…he hasn’t written to me.)

—Talk louder.

—I would if I could, but I can’t.

如果没有可重复的助动词,则用 do。

She said she would phone, and she did.

4. 附加疑问句  It s cold, isn t it?

在口语或非正式书面语中,附加疑问句(question tag)常用于句尾,用于确认某事是否属实,或征求对方同意

You haven’t seen Joe, have you?

This tea isn’t very nice, is it?

否定的附加疑问句通常用缩写形式,如 isn’t it(通常不说 is it not?)

在附加疑问句中,am I not 的缩写形式是 aren’t I?

Nice day, isn’t it?

I’m late, aren’t I?

5. 答语疑问句

答语疑问句(reply question)的构成为助动词+代词(与附加疑问句类似),表达关注、兴趣或惊奇

—We had a lovely holiday.

Did you?

—Yes, we went…

—John likes that girl next door.

—Oh, does he?

—It was a terrible party.

Was it?

—Yes,…

用否定的答语疑问句来回答肯定句,表示加强赞同的语气。

—It was a lovely concert.

—Yes, wasn’t it! I did enjoy it.

—She’s lost a lot of weight.

—Yes, hasn’t she?

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