中小学英语常考词汇:knock短语

《新概念英语》第二册第6课中开始讲到短语动词的用法,也就是我们平常所说的动词短语的用法。整个第二册中有关动词短语的用法,大多是指同一个动词跟不同的介词或副词搭配使用后,意义发生变化。这类动词短语是各类英语考试中有关词汇测试常考的内容,平常需要注意积累区分。

接下来我们就来梳理第6课里出现的有关动词knock的常用短语的用法。

1、knock at

该短语表示“敲(门、窗等)”。有时,knock也会用作名词,表示“敲击”,后面也是紧跟介词at。如:

  • He wondered whether it would be proper to knock at her door. (他不知道敲她的门是否恰当。)

  • I was preparing for bed when I heard a knock at the door. (我正准备睡觉时听到有人敲门。)

2、knock...off

该短语表示“把...撞倒”,off后面一般接地点。但knock后面也可以接比例或数字,表示“减少”,此时的比例或数字也可以放到off后面。如:

  • I knocked the vase off the table and broke it. (我把花瓶从桌子上碰掉下来,摔碎了。)

  • The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill. (店员给了10%的优惠)

  • It cost me 10 but I'll knock off 20% as it's no longer new. (那是我花10英镑买的,因为已经旧了,我会减价20%。)

3、knock off

与knock...off不同的是,knock off中间一般不插入其他成分,表示“做完某事;下班”。如:

  • We knock off at 12:30 for lunch. (我们十二点半时停下工作去吃饭。)

  • I can knock off a poem in five minutes. (我能在五分钟内写一首诗。)

4、knock over

该短语表示“撞倒;消除”,需要注意的是:宾语是名词的话,可以放在knock和over中间,也可以放到over后面;宾语是代词的话,则只能放在中间。如:

Don't knock over the bowl of water. (别把那碗水打翻了。)

=Don't knock it over.

The students knocked over every difficulty. (学生们克服了每一个困难。)

=The students knocked it over.

5、knock out

该短语表示“击倒;打昏”。需要注意的是:宾语是名词的话,可以放在knock和over中间,也可以放到over后面;宾语是代词的话,则只能放在中间。如:

  • The enemy charged up the mountain, attempting to knock out our forces. (敌人向山上冲锋,企图把我们的兵力摧毁掉。)

  • In the fight, the thief knocked the policeman out. (在搏斗中,小偷把警察打昏了。)

除了以上教材中出现的短语以外,下面这些有关knock的短语也较为常用:

6、knock down

该短语表示“击倒;撞倒;拆除”。如:

  • The policemen had to knock down the door to get in.      (警察为了进去得撞倒门。)

  • Knock down the machine before shipping.      (在装运前把机器拆卸开来。)

7、knock up

该短语表示“匆忙做完;使...精疲力尽”。如:

Can you knock up a meal for us now?       (你能为我们赶快做顿饭吗?)

I was completely knocked up from overwork.       (由于工作过度,我完全累垮了。)

8、knock it off

该短语经常用作提示语,表示“别再讲下去”。如:

  • Knock it off, will you? I can't make a phone call with all this noise going on.     (不要讲话了,好吗?这样闹我简直无法打电话了。)

  • Will you kids knock it off? I can't study.       (够了,小鬼们,停下来。我无法专心念书。)


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