美成立太空部队
When President Trump signed a $738 billion defense spending bill on Friday, he officially created the Space Force.
特朗普总统周五签署了一项7380亿美元的国防开支法案，他正式成立了一支太空部队。
It's the sixth branch of the U.S. Armed Services, and the first new military service since the Air Force was created in 1947.
这是美国陆海空三军的第六军种，也是自1947年美国空军成立以来的第一个新军种。
"Space is the world's newest war-fighting domain," President Trump said during the signing ceremony.
“太空是世界上最新的作战领域，”特朗普总统在签署仪式上说。
"Amid grave threats to our national security, American superiority in space is absolutely vital. And we're leading, but we're not leading by enough. But very shortly we'll be leading by a lot."
“在我们国家安全面临严重威胁的情况下，美国在太空的优势绝对是至关重要的。我们领先，但我们领先的还不够多。但很快我们就会领先很多。”
The idea was widely mocked when it was first floated, providing fodder for late night hosts, newspaper cartoonists and comedy writers.
这个想法最初提出时受到了广泛的嘲笑，成为了深夜节目主持人、报纸漫画家和喜剧作家们的笑料。
Senior military officials have previously raised concerns about what it will cost, and former Defense Secretary Jim Mattis warned against rushing into creating the force without clearly defined goals.
军方高级官员此前曾对这支部队的成本表示担忧，前国防部长马蒂斯警告说，不要在没有明确目标的情况下仓促组建这支部队。
"This is not a farce. This is nationally critical," Gen. John Raymond, who will lead the Space Force, told reporters on Friday.
“这不是一场闹剧。”将领导太空部队的约翰·雷蒙德上将周五对记者说。
"We are elevating space commensurate with its importance to our national security and the security of our allies and partners."
“我们正在提升太空这一领域，使其与我们的国家安全以及我们的盟友和伙伴的安全相称。”
Raymond acknowledged it would take time to develop the force.
雷蒙德承认，发展这支部队需要时间。
"It's going to take some time to grow this, but we are moving out with due diligence to make sure that we do this right," he said.
他表示:“这将需要一段时间来发展，但我们正尽职尽责地采取行动，以确保做好。”
About 16,000 Air Force active duty and civilian personnel are being assigned to the Space Force.
目前有大约16000名空军现役和文职人员被派往了太空部队。
There's still a lot to figure out, including the force's uniform, logo, and even its official song.
还有很多事务需要落实，包括警察的制服，标志，甚至是它的官方歌曲。
The Space Force will fall within the Department of the Air Force, but after one year it will have its own representation on the Joint Chiefs of Staff, according to the text of the law that created it.
太空部队将隶属于空军部，但根据创建它的法律文本，一年后它将在参谋长联席会议上有自己的代表。
That makes it similar in structure to the Marine Corps, which is a part of the Department of the Navy but has its own seat on the Joint Chiefs.
这使得它在结构上与海军陆战队相似，后者是海军部门的一部分，但在参谋长联席会议上也有自己的席位。
The new service branch essentially repackages and elevates existing military missions in space from the Air Force, Army and Navy, said Todd Harrison, who directs the Aerospace Security Project at the Center for Strategic & International Studies.
战略与国际研究中心负责航空安全项目的托德·哈里森说，新的服务部门本质上是从空军、陆军和海军重新包装和提升现有的太空军事任务。
"It's about, you know, all the different types of missions our military already does in space — just making sure that we're doing them more effectively, more efficiently," said Harrison.
哈里森说:“你知道，我们的军队已经在太空执行了各种不同类型的任务，我们只是要确保我们的行动更有效、更有效率。
"It will create a centralized, unified chain of command that is responsible for space, because ultimately when responsibility is fragmented, no one's responsible," he added.
他补充说:“这将创建一个中央集权、统一的指挥系统，对太空负责，因为最终当责任分散时，就没有人能真正负责。”
Military systems in space provide crucial information to the troops. 太空中的军事系统为军队提供重要信息。
For example, GPS satellites help the military hit targets precisely.
例如，GPS卫星帮助军方精确打击目标
Satellites gather intelligence, detecting things like missile launches.
卫星可以做收集情报，探测还有诸如导弹发射之类的事情。
They're also used for communication and collect data on the weather.
它们还可用于通信和收集天气数据。
It's worth pointing out a few things the Space Force will not do.
在这里也有必要指出一些太空部队不会做的事情。
"It's not about putting military service members in space, it has nothing to do with NASA, it's not about protecting Earth from asteroids or aliens," said Harrison.
哈里森说:“这不是要把军人送入太空，这与美国宇航局无关，也不是要保护地球不受小行星或外星人的威胁。”
Joan Johnson-Freese, a space security expert at the U.S. Naval War College, said the kind of information gathered by U.S. space systems is crucial in warfare today.
美国海军战争学院的空间安全专家琼·约翰逊-弗里斯说，美国空间系统收集的这类信息在今天的战争中至关重要。
"Whoever has the best information and can get it the fastest wins – and space provides a lot of that information."
“谁掌握了最好的信息，谁就能以最快的速度获得信息，谁就是赢家——而空间提供了大量这样的信息。”
问题
文中提到美国空军是哪一年成立的？
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