水环境中的冠状病毒
总来的说,水中的冠状病毒并不稳定,因为氯和高温都会使它失活。
新冠病毒对氧化剂特别敏感,例如氯,因为氯会对它包膜有溶解作用 带包膜的冠状病毒在水中的失活速率远快于其他无包膜的水生病毒 温度显著影响病毒存活(冠状病毒在23–25°C时的滴度远低于4°C时的值); 地表水和地下水均尚未发现活性冠状病毒,也不会经过受污染的饮用水传播; 下一步研究方向是参考现有的无包膜病毒的采样和浓缩方法来开发带包膜的冠状病毒的检测方法。
目前的病毒学研究显示,在粪便污染的水中,无包膜更为常见,例如下图的诺如病毒(Norovirus)、甲型肝炎病毒(Hepatitis A)、轮状病毒(Rotavirus)等。有包膜病毒(疏水性更强)在水相环境中的存活时间远短于无包膜病毒,而目前已被发现的人类冠状病毒均属于有包膜病毒。
图. 系统性文献搜索筛查流程
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如果你还是嫌上述文献对新冠病毒的参考意义不大的话,我们也建议各位浏览Covid19Waterblog这个博客,网址如下:
https://covid19waterblog.wordpress.com/
参考文献
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S004313542030436X?via%3Dihub https://covid19waterblog.wordpress.com/2020/06/02/coronavirus-in-water-environments-occurrence-persistence-and-concentration-methods-a-scoping-review/
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