本文选自《经济学人》11月16日文章。在城市，有一群人一直存在，却往往被人忽视，他们或者露宿街头，或者蹭睡在24小时营业的书店、咖啡馆，他们是城市里的无家可归的流浪者。他们大多来自农村，或者是因为欠债，或者是因为农村土地被征用，他们流落到城市，成为无家可归的人。他们不愿意住在国家提供的收容所中，因为他们知道，入住收容所后，会有人不断劝他们返乡，这是他们不愿意做的。也有福利机构为他们提供返乡的车票，但在城市的打工者也会蹭用这种福利。城市有很多面，美好、繁华，也有躲在这美好繁华背后的无奈、心酸。
由于篇幅较长，本文节选原文标题和全文重点段落进行精讲。
选文精讲
No shelter for some 无家可归的人Homelessness has become a problem in China’s citiesOrder-obsessed officials treat street-sleepers warilyEVERY EVENING around nine o’clock, dozens of homeless people start to trickle into Sanlian Taofen, a 24-hour bookshop in Beijing. Early arrivals jostle for one of the comfy chairs. Latecomers have to sleep on the cold floor. Guan Zhong, a homeless man from the eastern province of Shandong, calls the shop his “Wednesday home”. On other days the unemployed 42-year-old sleeps on benches in round-the-clock cafes. Mr Guan says he frequently changes venues to avoid “abusing the generosity” of managers. The bookshop is his favourite, not least because it is warm and quiet at night. “Burger King outlets are the worst—they expel people like me,” he says.
- trickle into some place: 慢慢流入、走进某地，这是一个非常有画面感的短语；trickle: 细流
- outlet: 零售点、专卖店，这个词很常见，需记住
每天晚上9点左右，几十个无家可归的人开始慢慢走进三联书店，这是北京一家24小时营业的书店。早到的人会抢占一张舒适的椅子，晚到的人只能睡在冰冷的地板上。来自山东省的无家可归的关中称这家店为“周三之家”，一周中其它几天，这位失业的42岁老人会睡在24小时营业的咖啡馆里的长椅上。关表示，他经常更换地方，以避免“滥用”经理们的“慷慨”。这家书店是他最喜欢的，尤其是因为它在晚上既温暖又安静。“汉堡王是最糟糕的，他们会驱赶像我这样的人，”他说。
Thirty years ago homeless people were a rare sight in China’s cities. Strict controls on internal migration made it difficult for rural residents to move to urban areas. Most city-dwellers lived in housing supplied by the government, for which they paid peppercorn rents. Since then much has changed. Migration controls have eased. Most urban housing has been privatised. Villages have been flattened to make way for growing cities. Street-sleepers are still less visible than they are in the centres of some rich-world cities. But they are far more common than before.
三十年前，无家可归的人在中国的城市里很少见，对国内人口流动的严格控制使得农村人很难到城市地区。大多数城市居民住在政府提供的房子里，他们会付象征性的房租。从那以后，情况发生了很大变化，人口流动控制放松，大多数城市住房已经私有化。村庄为了城市的不断发展让路，被夷为平地。与一些富裕国家的市中心相比，露宿街头的人虽然不是很多，但它们比以前普遍得多。
Most of the homeless arrived from the countryside, as did Mr Guan. In the cities they cannot access local welfare, including social housing. That is because of the hukou, or household-registration, system. This usually allows people to receive such benefits only in their place of birth. So if they cannot afford to rent a home, they often have little choice but to sleep rough.
大多数无家可归的人来自农村，关先生也是如此。在城市里，他们无法获得当地的福利，包括社会住房，这是因为户口制度。户口制度通常只允许人们在他们出生的地方获得这些福利。因此，如果他们租不起房子，他们通常别无选择，只能露宿街头。
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