骨科英文书籍精读（277）｜股骨干骨折早期并发症之脂肪栓塞
我们正在精读国外经典骨科书籍《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》，想要对于骨科英文形成系统认识，为以后无障碍阅读英文文献打下基础，请持续关注。
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Fat embolism and ARDS
Fracture through a large marrow-filled cavity almost inevitably results in small showers of fat emboli being swept to the lungs. This can usually be accommodated without serious consequences, but in some cases (and especially in those with multiple injuries and severe shock, or in patients with associated chest injuries) it results in progressive respiratory distress and multi-organ failure (adult respiratory distress syndrome). Blood gases should be measured if this is suspected and signs such as shortness of breath, restlessness or a rise in temperature or pulse rate should prompt a search for petechial haemorrhages over the upper body, axillae and conjunctivae. Treatment is supportive, with the emphasis on preventing hypoxia and maintaining blood volume.
---from 《Apley’s System of Orthopaedics and Fractures》
重点词汇整理：
inevitably /ɪnˈevɪtəbli/adv. 不可避免地；必然地
accommodate /əˈkɑːmədeɪt/vt. 容纳；使适应；供应；调解vi. 适应；调解
restlessness /ˈrestləsnəs/n. 坐立不安；不安定
petechial haemorrhages 点状出血
petechial /pə'ti:kiəl/adj. 瘀点的；瘀斑的
haemorrhage/ˈhemərɪdʒ/n. 出血
axillae
Treatment is supportive, with the emphasis on preventing hypoxia and maintaining blood volume.治疗是支持性的，重点是防止缺氧和维持血容量。
with the emphasis on sth 重点是...
hypoxia /haɪˈpɑːksiə/n. 低氧；组织缺氧；氧不足
blood volume血容量
百度翻译：
脂肪栓塞与急性呼吸窘迫综合征
骨折通过一个充满骨髓的大腔几乎不可避免地导致小阵雨脂肪栓塞被扫到肺部。这通常可以在没有严重后果的情况下进行治疗，但在某些情况下（尤其是多发伤和严重休克的患者，或合并胸部损伤的患者），会导致进行性呼吸窘迫和多器官衰竭（成人呼吸窘迫综合征）。如果怀疑有血气，则应测量血气，呼吸急促、烦躁不安或体温或脉搏率升高等症状应提示寻找上半身、腋窝和结膜上的瘀点出血。治疗是支持性的，重点是防止缺氧和维持血容量。