外文精读 | CNN与NYT如何“消费”近期“非死不可”的Facebook
HI
这里是大佬的英语精读
从国外知名报刊出发
在这里,读懂新传
外文精读活动以新传热点出发
精选知名报刊的文章进行解读
给你提供不同的视角来看待热点
在这里你会得到
新传案例积累、考研英语词汇点拨、阅读能力提升
本次推送的英文素材摘自CNN和New York Times
Passage 1
Facebook sued for allegedly allowing housing discrimination
A group of fair housing organizations filed a lawsuit against Facebook (FB) on Tuesday alleging that its advertising platform allows landlords and brokers to discriminate based on gender and family status.
The National Fair Housing Alliance joined three other groups in the lawsuit, which claims that Facebook's advertising tools continue to enable marketers to exclude women and families with children from seeing certain housing ads.
The Fair Housing Act prohibits home rental and sale advertisements from discriminating "based on race, color, religion, sex, handicap, familial status, or national origin."
"There is absolutely no place for discrimination on Facebook," a company spokesperson said in a statement provided to CNN. "We believe this lawsuit is without merit, and we will defend ourselves vigorously."
Merit一词的原意是 [优点;价值;良好品质],显然 [优点][良好品质] 在这里无法翻译通。所以取[价值]的词意,without merit也译为 [没有价值的;毫无根据的] ;另外,vigorously是考研要求词汇,意为 [精神旺盛地,活泼地;猛力] 原型为vigorous
所以此句翻译为:我们相信这项指控是毫无依据的,同时,我们将坚定不移地捍卫我们自身的权利
【阅读技巧】
这里的Merit和vigorously都在原有的词意上做了合理延伸,这样才能让句意通顺。所以同学们一定要掌握好单词的释义,并根据上下文来合理变通
【单词笔记本】
红标单词均为考研英语词汇
1.allegedly 据说
原型是allege,意为断言,宣称,辩解; 提出…作为理由
2. discrimination 歧视;区别;辨别力
动词形式:discriminate
3. lawsuit 并不是“法律+适合或是套装”的意思 suit本身就有诉讼的意思,lawsuit在这里指的是[诉讼,起诉]的含义
4. exclude 排斥; 排除,不包括; 驱除,赶出 经典搭配:exclude…from把…排除于…之外;
5. prohibit 禁止,阻止 经典搭配:prohibit…from禁止…的发生
【原文解读】
CNN这篇文章报道了美国居住公平联盟和其他三个组织对Facebook的指控,称Facebook的广告平台可能会使房东歧视租客。
众所周知Facebook能轻易收集到包括性别、家庭、肤色等的用户信息,利用这些个人识别符号,住房提供者可以过滤那些特定的人群,比如有色人种或单亲妈妈,他们往往不愿给这类人提供租房服务。
所以技术有无价值观,它奉行的价值观是什么,程序员的个人歧视现象是否会传染给算法?比如由白人精英所编制的机器人写作程序是否会写出歧视黑人的文章,这个问题留给大家思考。
Passage 2
How data scientists see the future after Facebook's Cambridge Analytica scandal
(这篇报道主要讲的是从一位数据学家的视角出发,Facebook应当如何处理此次的“剑桥分析”丑闻)
Trust with transparency
"I think transparency is key to everything here. If you’re accessing someone’s data, I think it works best when they know why and what value you’re getting out of it," said Patrick Ambron, CEO at BrandYourself.
"At the start we said the consumers are smart, and we should ask them directly if they’re willing to share information," Pasquet said.
Facebook could be forced or decide on its own to change that by updating its user agreement and surfacing it more often to its users, Ambron said. To prevent another Cambridge Analytica scandal, he also suggested creating stricter contracts with companies that use its data.
【原文解读】
从报道中我总结出数据学家的想法:他认为Facebook没有做到信息使用透明化,侵犯了用户的知情权,而给Facebook提供的出路也是更新用户协议并提升披露频率,同时和数据使用方签订更加严格的合同。
留给我们思考的是,我们应该以什么样的态度审视数据使用。在互联网时代数据采集应用已经无法避免,正如passage2之中的一段话所说的:
“Content is where I expect much of the real money will be made on the Internet, just as it was in broadcasting” Gates wrote in the opening. But ask any internet-focused company in 2018, and the answer you'll hear will most likely be data.
(盖茨在一篇文章的开头写到,就如同广播一样,内容是我认为在因特网上最吸金的东西。但问及当下任何着眼于互联网的公司时,答案最有可能是“数据”)
一味反对有关机构对数据的使用可能会影响用户的整体体验(比如你会接到更多不相关的广告,因为没有数据的支撑,广告投放会更加“广种薄收”)所以数据的使用在所难免。
如何优化数据的应用?
数据采集应用流程化、透明化,尽快让数据使用活动步入正轨,数据采集经同意,数据交易要透明。打破某些垄断机构对数据黑箱操作,数据的使用者不仅有对用户数据的保管义务,同时也有向用户告知使用数据行为的义务。
99和阿将的新传考研室
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