【外语】高考短文改错套路分析 真题演练

【高中外语】

01

动 词

常见的错误类型有：

• 时态误用

• 主谓不一致

• 缺少谓语动词，尤其是缺少系动词be

• 非谓语误用

• 被动语态误用

真题演练：

1. All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. （2019 全国卷 Ⅰ）

2. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts.（2019 全国卷 Ⅲ）

3. Still I unwilling to play the games with them sometimes. （2018 全国卷 Ⅱ）

4. I entered my second year of high school and become a new member of the school music club. （2017 全国卷 Ⅲ）

5. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. （2016 全国卷 Ⅱ）

6. When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. （2015 全国卷 I）

答案

1. say → saying

2. required → requires

3. unwilling前加was

4. become → became

5. chose → choose; take → taking

6. think → thought

02

形容词和副词

常见的错误类型有：

• 形容词与副词误用，如exciting与excited，hard与hardly，possible与possibly等

• 比较级误用

• 以 -ing和 -ed结尾的形容词误用

真题演练：

1. I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. （2019 全国卷 Ⅰ）

2. First, I wanted to be a fireman, whose uniform looked so coolly. （2019 全国卷 Ⅱ）

3. I felt happily that their life had improved. （2018 全国卷 Ⅰ）

4. A few minutes late, the instructor asked me to stop the car. （2017 全国卷 Ⅰ）

5. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. （2017 全国卷 Ⅱ）

6. I enjoyed studying difference kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and collecting the late music albums. （2017 全国卷 Ⅲ）

7. Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady. （2016 全国卷 Ⅰ）

8. It does not cost many, yet we can still learn a lot. （2016 全国卷 Ⅱ）

答案

1. interesting → interested

2. coolly → cool

3. happily → happy

4. late → later

5. Beside → Besides; informations → information

6. difference → different; late → latest

7. steady → steadily

8. many → much

03

名 词

常见的错误类型有：

• 可数名词与不可数名词误用

• 可数名词单复数误用，如在several，many，various，different，a few，one of等之后常用名词的复数，在every与each之后常用单数

真题演练：

1. Since I was a kid, I ' ve considered different job I would like to do. （2019 全国卷 Ⅱ）

2. Last winter when I went here again, they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. （2018 全国卷 Ⅰ）

3. If we go on a trip abroad, we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. （2016 全国卷 Ⅱ）

4. The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. （2016 全国卷 Ⅲ）

答案

1. job → jobs

2. here → there; chicken → chickens

3. your → our; knowledges → knowledge

4. year → years

04

连 词

常见的错误类型有：

• 并列连词误用，如and / or / but误用，though与but连用等

• 从属连词误用，如定语从句中which，that，when，where等混淆不清

• 缺少或多余连词

真题演练：

1. One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. （2019 全国卷 Ⅰ）

2. Suddenly a football fell just in front of me but almost hit me.（2019 全国卷 I）

3. At the end of our trip, I told my father that I planned to return for every two years, but he agreed. （2018 全国卷 I）

4. I have grown not only physically, and also mentally in the past few years. （2017 全国卷 Ⅲ）

5. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. （2015 全国卷 Ⅰ）

答案

1. where → when

2. but → and

3. 去掉for；but → and

4. and → but

5. or → and

05

冠 词

常见的错误类型有：

• a、an和the的误用

• 多冠词或少冠词

真题演练：

1. Each of my cafes will have a different theme and an unique style. （2019 全国卷 Ⅲ）

2. During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents. （2018 全国卷 I）

3. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. （2017 全国卷 Ⅱ）

4. Around me in picture are the things which were very important in my life at that time: car magazines and musical instruments. （2017 全国卷 Ⅲ）

答案

1. an → a

2. countryside前加the

3. 第一个a → an

4. picture前加the或this

06

代词

常见的错误类型有：

• 人称代词、物主代词和反身代词与其所指代的人或物不一致

• 定语从句中关系代词误用

• 不定代词误用

• 多代词或少代词

真题演练：

1. In the cafe, customers will enjoy yourselves in the historical environment that is created for them.（2019全国卷 Ⅲ）

2. Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. （2017 全国卷 Ⅱ）

3. This picture often brings back to me many happy memories of your high school days. （2017 全国卷 Ⅲ）

答案

1. yourselves → themselves

2. all → both

3. your → my

07

介词

常见的错误类型有：

• 介词误用，如in 与on，to与for，instead与instead of，because与because of等

• 介词缺少或多余

真题演练：

1. It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road. （2017 全国卷 Ⅰ）

2. They have also bought for some gardening tools. （2017 全国卷 Ⅱ）

3. I realize of how fast time flies. （2017 全国卷 III）

4. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time. （2016 全国卷 Ⅰ）

答案

1. on → of

2. 去掉介词for

3. 去掉of

4. dreams后加of

08

数词

常见的错误类型有：

基数词和序数词误用

真题演练：

1. Then, when I was in the five grade, I wanted to be a teacher. （2019 全国卷 Ⅱ）

2. In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, … （2017 全国卷 Ⅰ）

答案

1. five → fifth

2. eighteen → eighteenth