essay是什么?这里五步让你轻松认识essay
对于出国留学的宝宝来说,essay写作是他们需要去克服的一个难题。
搜搜知乎关键字“essay”,我们甚至可以发现一个很有趣的现象,一部分留学生在抱怨essay写作太难,一部分留学生在寻找essay辅导,少部分留学生在危险的边缘试探寻找essay代写。
essay写作的确是需要花费一定时间去练习,但其实如何写作一篇优秀essay——这一项技能可以运用进你以后工作日常,例如写商业信函、 company memos等。所以上学时所沉淀下来的宝石也将会在以后发亮~
OK,那我们就来学习一下如何五步写好essay
一、Purpose/Main Idea
在你开始写作之前,你一定要有一个关于你该写什么初步想法。如果你还没有一个选定的topic,那可能对于你来说思考main idea还是太早了。
你所能够写的优秀essay一定是能让你激情满满。你对什么感到热情呢?你想反对或支持什么话题呢?(选择站在支持面,你的文章将会更有说服力~)
来让我们做个小练习:
Do you love gardening? Sports? Photography? Volunteering?
Are you an advocate for children? Domestic peace? The hungry or homeless?
These are clues to your best essays.
Put your idea into a single sentence. This is your thesis statement, your main idea.
二、Title
选择一个最能体现你中心观点的标题,最好的标题通常是只包含了一个动词,可以去看看任何报纸等,你将发现任何一个标题都有一个动词。
并且你的标题应该要吸引读者去阅读。
Here are a few ideas:
America Needs Better Health Care Now
The Use of the Mentor Archetype in _____
Who Is the She-Conomy?
Why DJ Is the Queen of Pedicures
Melanoma: Is It or Isn't It?
How to Achieve Natural Balance in Your Garden
Expect to Be Changed by Reading _____
当然,在你学习写essay过程中,一定有一些人告诉你要在写完essay后再定标题;但其实会有人发现在写作过程中先定下一个标题,将会帮助他们去围绕话题写作。此外,当你写完文章后,你也可以随时检查你的标题,以确保它尽可能有效。
三、Introduction
introduction一般是一个很小的段落,仅仅只是一两句来描述你的论点,并向你的读者去介绍topic。
当然这也是在标题之后,第二次机会来吸引读者阅读。
Here are some examples:
Women are the chief buyers in 80 percent of America's households. If you're not marketing to them, you should be.
Take another look at that spot on your arm. Is the shape irregular? Is it multicolored? You could have melanoma. Know the signs.
Those tiny wasps flying around the blossoms in your garden can't sting you. Their stingers have evolved into egg-laying devices. The wasps, busying finding a place to lay their eggs, are participating in the balance of nature.
四、Body of Information
body部分就是给你阐述自己观点的平台。当你做完了你的调查并整理了数页笔记时,认真浏览,并进行重点勾画。
选择三个最重要观点,并将每一个观点都分别写在一张白纸上。
然后又去浏览你所做的笔记,并找出支持你key point的观点。不需要很多,两三个即可。
用你从笔记中提取的信息,写一段关于这些要点的文章。如果你没有足够信息,你可能需要一个更好论证的要点。并且做更多的研究来支持你的观点。要知道,资料多总比资料少好。
五、Conclusion
恭喜你!马上就要完成essay了~最后一段需要你去进行总结归纳。同样的是尽可能短小,但必须与你的introduction有所呼应。
在introduction中,你陈述了写这篇文章的原因。那么,在conclusion中,你应该总结你的论据如何是支持你的论文。
Here's an example:
By observing the balance of nature in her gardens, listening to lectures, and reading everything she can get her hands on about insects and native plants, Lucinda has grown passionate about natural balance. "It's easy to get passionate if you just take time to look," she says.
Good luck! The next essay will be easier.