全球192个新冠病毒系统发育树揭示病毒全球传播过程
SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) 流行病毒属于单链的mRNA病毒,单链的mRNA相比于有配对校验的双链DNA,其复制过程中出错几率更高,即发生突变几率更高。再加上病毒本身在感染人体后,复制过程很快,使得总体突变时间很短,这就在人传人过程中,表现出病毒变异很快。基于这些突变位点的溯源,可以构建病毒全基因组样本之间的系统发育树。
到3月8日,国际网站下一代病毒株(https://nextstrain.org/ncov/zh)已经收集了192份新冠病毒全基因组数据,数据来自于各个国家或地区的实验室。最早的一个样本是2019.12.24日的武汉样本。下面地图圆圈大小代表数据库中收集的各个国家或地区贡献的全基因组样本数多少。来自中国的样本数最多,其次是美国。虽然伊朗是正在爆发的地区之一,但还没有来自伊朗实验室的数据。
Arizona Department of Health Services (1)
Auckland Hospital (1)
BCCDC Public Health Laboratory (1)
Bamrasnaradura Hospital (2)
CNR Virus des Infections Respiratoires - France SUD (1)
CR&WISCO GENERAL HOSPITAL (1)
California Department of Health (3)
California Department of Public Health (8)
Center of Medical Microbiology, Virology, and Hospital Hygiene (1)
Centers for Disease Control, R.O.C. (Taiwan) (1)
Centre for Human and Zoonotic Virology (CHAZVY), College of Medicine University of Lagos/Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), part of the Laboratory Network of the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) (1)
Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services (5)
Charite Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Institute of Virology; Institut fur Mikrobiologie der Bundeswehr, Munich (1)
Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Roma , Italy (1)
Department of Infectious Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Rome, Italy (1)
Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, Paris (4)
Department of Internal Medicine, Triemli Hospital (2)
Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital (2)
Department of Microbiology, Institute for Viral Diseases, College of Medicine, Korea University (4)
Department of Pathology, Toshima Hospital (1)
Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (1)
Department of microbiology laboratory,Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (1)
Dept. of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (2)
Dept. of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (4)
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine (2)
Division of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Zurich (3)
Division of Viral Diseases, Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases, Korea Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention (5)
Fujian Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2)
General Hospital of Central Theater Command of People's Liberation Army of China (3)
Guangdong Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention; Guangdong Provincial Public Health (9)
Guangdong Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention; Guangdong Provinical Public Health (2)
Guangdong Provincial Center for Diseases Control and Prevention;Guangdong Provincial Institute of Public Health (1)
HUS Diagnostiikkakeskus, Hallinto (1)
Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention (1)
Hangzhou Center for Disease and Control Microbiology Lab (1)
Harborview Medical Center (2)
Hong Kong Department of Health (3)
Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (2)
IL Department of Public Health Chicago Laboratory (1)
INMI Lazzaro Spallanzani IRCCS (1)
Indian Council of Medical Research - National Institute of Virology (1)
Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Virology (1)
Institute of Pathogen Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (4)
Institute of Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC (1)
Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias (1)
KU Leuven, Clinical and Epidemiological Virology (1)
Klinik Hirslanden Zurich (1)
Korea Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (KCDC) Center for Laboratory Control of Infectious Diseases Division of Viral Diseases (1)
Laboratoire National de Sante (1)
Laboratorio di Microbiologia e Virologia, Universita Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milano (1)
Laboratory Medicine (1)
Lapland Central Hospital (1)
Massachusetts Department of Public Health (1)
Monash Medical Centre (1)
NHC Key laboratory of Enteric Pathogenic Microbiology, Institute of Pathogenic Microbiology (3)
National Centre for Infectious Diseases (1)
National Influenza Center - National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology (NIHE) (1)
National Influenza Centre, National Public Health Laboratory, Kathmandu, Nepal (1)
National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, China CDC (9)
National Public Health Laboratory (1)
National Public Health Laboratory, National Centre for Infectious Diseases (2)
Pathology Queensland (4)
Providence Regional Medical Center (1)
Public Health Ontario Laboratory (2)
Respiratory Virus Unit, Microbiology Services Colindale, Public Health England (3)
Seattle Flu Study (2)
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Disease, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital (2)
Singapore General Hospital (2)
Singapore General Hospital, Molecular Laboratory, Division of Pathology (2)
Sorbonne Universite, Inserm et Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris (Pitie Salpetriere) (1)
State Health Office Baden-Wuerttemberg (1)
Taiwan Centers for Disease Control (2)
Texas Department of State Health Services (1)
The Central Hospital Of Wuhan (1)
The University of Hong Kong - Shenzhen Hospital (2)
Tianmen Center for Disease Control and Prevention (1)
UW Virology Lab (2)
Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (2)
Valley Medical Center (1)
Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge. (1)
Wales Specialist Virology Centre (2)
Washington State Department of Health (1)
Washington State Public Health Lab (3)
West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre, NHSGGC (1)
Wisconsin Department of Health Services (1)
Wuhan Fourth Hospital (1)
Wuhan Jinyintan Hospital (8)
Wuhan Lung Hospital (1)
Yongchuan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention (1)
Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2)
Zhongxian Center for Disease Control and Prevention (1)