The COVID-19 pandemic has changed many of our daily habits - from how we greet our friends to how we work.我们的很多日常习惯已因新冠肺炎疫情而改变一从好友间的致意方式到我们的工作方式。These changes have developed to limit the spread of the new coronavirus.这些改变限制了新冠病毒的传播。And it raises a question: What habits or customs will remain after the pandemic ends?于是一个问题应运而生:在新冠肺炎疫情结束后，什么样的习惯会继续存在?Barun Mathema of Columbia University is .unsure.哥伦比亚大学的巴伦.马蒂玛对此问题并不确定。Mathema is a doctor and an assistant professor of epidemiology, the study of the spread and control of diseases.他是流行病学研究疾病的传播和控制方面的医生和助理教授。He told VOA News that people may keep some of the habits.他对美国之音表示，人们可能会保持一些习惯。Or perhaps, he added, "as the memory of the pandemic itself fades, so will these habits."他补充道，或者也有可能，“随着对疫情的记忆逐渐消失,这些习惯也会消失。Even before the current pandemic, it was normal in many countries for people to wear a face covering in public.甚至在当前疫情之前，很多国家的人们在公共场合戴着面罩很正常。For example, face masks became more common in East Asia in 2003 with the rise of SARS, a viral respiratory disease.例如，2003年， 随着非典(- 种病毒性呼吸道疾病)的传播，口罩在东亚变得更加普遍。However, there is no tradition of mask- wearing in the United States.然而，美国没有戴口罩的传统。A year ago, if you saw someone here wearing a mask in public, you might think they were sick or even strange.一年前， 如果你在美国的公共场合看到戴口罩的人，可能会认为他们病了，甚至觉得奇怪。Today, however, wearing a mask to prevent the spread of COVID-19 is the new normal for many Americans.然而，现在，戴口罩以防止新冠肺炎的传播对许多美国人来说是一种新的常态。Columbia and Puerto Rico require people to wear face coverings in public.截至11月20日，有37个州，哥伦比亚特区和波多黎各要求人们在公共场合戴口罩。But is this a habit that will remain after the pandemic is over?但这种习惯是否会在疫情结束后依然存在?Boris Lushniak leads the School of Public Health at the University of Maryland.鲍里斯.卢什尼亚克是马里兰大学公共卫生学院的领导。masks this winter to protect against the common cold and influenza.他表示，美国人今年冬天很可能会戴口罩来抵御普通感和流感。will become a new nationwide habit.不过，他认为戴口罩不会成为全国性的新习惯。He noted that it has been difficult to get some people to wear them in the middle of a pandemic.也指出，疫情期间也有一 些人不愿意戴口罩。Lushniak says the custom of shaking another person's hand is likely to become less common in the years to come.卢什尼亚克表示，与他人握手的习俗在未来几年可能会变得不那么普遍。He predicts that people will chose to wave or use some other greeting.他预测人们会选择挥手或用其他问候方式。Overall, Americans might be less willing to touch others, says Aaron Glatt, a spokesperson for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.美国传染病学会的发言人亚伦格拉特表示，总的来说，美国人可能会不太愿意触碰他人。He predicts that the ease of touching friends and co-workers will happen less often.他预测，朋友和同事间的轻松接触频率将会减少。Another lasting effect could be an expectation of higher levels of cleanliness.另一个持久的影响可能是对清洁度的期望更高。Mathema, of Columbia University, told VOA that "going through something like a pandemic, regardless of how you feel poltically," is a frightening event.哥伦比亚大学的马蒂玛对美国之音表示，“无论你的政治立场如何，经历一场传染病大流行都是一件可怕的事情。”He added that some hygiene habits, like frequent hand washing and cleaning surfaces, are likely to stay.他补充道，- 些卫生习惯很可能会保留下来,如勤洗手和清洁表面。And that could be one of the pandemic's silver linings -- a good result from a bad situation.这可能是疫情的一线光明一坏情况 下的好结果。Another silver lining, added Aaron Glatt, is that people know more about the spread of some diseases.亚伦格拉特补充道，另一线光明是 人们对某些疾病的传播有了更多的了解。They also may not accept "uncleanliness or poor hygiene."大家可能无法接受“不干净或不卫生”。Some businesses have had to make changes一些企业 也不得不做出改变。This is especially true of service industries such as airlines, restaurants, and stores.航空公司、餐馆和商店等服务行业尤其如此。For example, many companies use less contact during the pandemic.例如，许多公司在疫情期间尽量减少接触。There are fewer paper receipts to sign when purchasing products or meals.购买产品或餐食时，需要签字的纸质收据减少。Airline companies have new rules for disinfecting surfaces and the air inside theairplanes.航空公司对飞机表面和机舱空气消毒有新规定。Lushniak, the University of Maryland professor, told VOA that the more important part of the post- pandemic world will be changes to businesses.马里兰大学教授卢什尼亚克对美国之音表示，企业的变革对疫情后的世界更为重要。"We learned that cleanliness is important, that disinfection is important," he said,“我们了解到清洁度很重要，消毒也很重要,"and we will ill continue doing that in theworkplace."在工作场所我们会保持下去。’Another long-term effect of the pandemic could be more people working from home and疫情的另一个长期影响可能是更多的人在家工作，生病时也呆在家里。Lushniak added that the pandemic has created more opportunities for workingonline.卢什尼亚克补充表示，疫情为线上工作创造了更多机会。If people are not feeling well, they can simply work from home.如果人们感觉不舒服就可以在家工作。In a post-pandemic world, he said, working from home might be an important part of stopping the spread of disease.他表示，疫情后的世界，在家工作可能是阻止疾病传播的一个重要部分。
