陝西歷史博物館 · 耀州青瓷與佛教造像 / 开普饭

耀州青瓷

耀州瓷因产于耀州（今陕西铜川黄堡镇）而得名，是古代名瓷之一。始于唐，盛于宋，金、元逐渐衰落。耀州瓷以青色为主，以刻花、印花瓷器为特征，纹饰丰富，器形多样。此外宋以后其它窑口的青瓷、白瓷、黑瓷、影青瓷、彩绘瓷等瓷器也流传于陕西，都各具风采。

▼ 月白釉胆瓶｜金（1115-1234）

佛教造像

宗教在陕西颇为兴盛，遍布城乡的佛寺、佛塔，尤其蔚为壮观的陕北石窟寺、华山道观和道教全真派祖庭户具重阳宫、西安化觉巷大清真寺，以及明末始建的西安天主教北堂，无不说明陕西在宗教文化传播上的地位。

▼ 陕西重要石窟造像分布图

▼ 观音像｜清（1644-1911）

▼ 白瓷观音像｜明（1368-1644）

▼ 鎏金铜佛像｜明（1368-1644）Gilded Statue of BUddha

▼ 三彩观音像｜清（1644-1911）

▼ 铜佛像（左）明｜三彩佛像（中）明｜三彩观音像（右）清

▼ 金银舍利塔（左）宋｜铜佛像（右）明

▼ 鎏金铜弥勒像（明）｜汉白玉佛像（宋）

▼ 披风罗汉｜拊狻猊罗汉｜降龙罗汉｜宋

▼ 罗汉坐像（明）

钟山石窟

钟山石窟（Zhongshan Grotto）位于子长县安定镇东1公里处钟山南麓。始凿于北宋治平四年（1067），其后历代匀有凿修。现存五窟，坐北面南，总面积约500平方米。中央主窟平面呈长方形，面阔16.7米，开窟口3个，并建有五间歇山顶大殿。窟内顶部为三个莲花藻井。中央佛坛高1.4米，宽11.5米，进深5米，坛边有八根石柱上承窟顶。佛坛上下有16尊高二米至三米的圆雕佛像。窟四壁和坛柱四面浮雕大小佛像万余尊，雕刻细腻，极富神韵，具有极高的艺术价值。▼

Located at the southern foot of Zhongshan mountain, about 1km east of anding town,Zichang county, this grotto was first chiseled in the Fourth Year of Zhiping Reign of the Northern Song Dynasty, and its construction continued in the later generations. Five of the south-faced grootoes survived totaling an area of 500sqm. The sentrol grotto is in octangonal shap with a width of 16.7m, including three openings and five mountain-roofed halls. The ceiling of the grotto is decorated with three lotus-shaped sunk panels. The centrol altar of Buddha is 1..4m high, 11.5m wide and 5m deep, which is supported by eight stone plinths, 16 statues of buddaha above and below the altar are 2-3m high and engraved in rund. More than ten thousand statues of Buddha on the four sides of the walls and the plinths are delicately carved which are of high artistic value for their vividly depictions. ▼

陝西歷史博物館 · 耀州青瓷與佛教造像

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