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选择数据中心时位置有多重要？
How Important Is Location When Choosing a Data Center?
数据中心可以建在任何有电力和网络的地方，但是位置会影响它可以为客户提供的服务质量。
A data center can be built anywhere with power and connectivity, but location has an impact on the quality of service it can provide to its customers.
为了应对数字化转型以及由此产生的海量数据和带宽需求，越来越多的企业（所有行业）正在将服务器转移到其组织之外的数据中心，他们将从基础设施灵活性、更好的恢复选项、改进的协作系统、劳动力流动，易于访问公有云运营商，和总体成本TCO更低等方面受益。
In order to cope with digital transformation and the resulting mountains of data and bandwidth requirements, more and more businesses - across all industries - are shifting servers to data centers outside of their organizations, unlocking benefits such as infrastructure flexibility, better recovery options, improved collaborative systems, workforce mobility, ease of access to public cloud operators and an overall lower total cost.
既然数据中心的难题已经不再是“自建与购买”——复杂性和容量挑战意味着“购买”赢得了这场特别的战争——许多组织面临的问题已经变成“我应该信任哪个合作伙伴”？重要的是，“他们的数据中心在哪里？”
Now that the data center conundrum is no longer “build vs. buy” - complexity and capacity challenges have meant that “buy” has won that particular war - the question for many organizations has become “which partner do I trust?”, and importantly, “where are their data centers located?”.
除了价格、可扩展性、正常运行时间和可靠性之外，在选择技术合作伙伴时，位置无疑是关键考虑因素。一个好的位置选择意味着一个优化的基础设施和应用程序环境，能够接触到您的整个受众，或者一个改变游戏规则的数据分析策略，帮助您比竞争对手更好地了解您的运营和客户。另一方面，位置不佳会导致连接不稳定和效率问题。
In addition to price, scalability, uptime and reliability, location is arguably the key consideration when choosing a technology partner. A good choice of location means an optimized infrastructure and application environment, capable of reaching your entire audience, or a game changing data analytics strategy that helps you understand your operations and your customers better than competitors. On the flipside, poor location can result in unstable connections and efficiency problems.
显然，在选择合作伙伴时需要考虑的因素很多——从物理安全、灾难恢复、数据中心正常运行时间保证、服务级别、可扩展性和可靠性到持续的支持和维护——在选址数据中心合作伙伴时，公司需要谨慎平衡好是将选址视为重要的决策因素之一还是将其视为唯一需要考虑的问题？
Clearly, there’s a lot to consider when choosing a partner -- from physical security, disaster recovery, data center uptime guarantees, service levels, scalability and reliability to ongoing support and maintenance – and companies need to strike a balance between location being an important component of choice, and making it the only concern when looking for a data center provider.
理论上，数据中心可以建在任何有电力和网络的地方，但实际上，位置对设施能够为客户提供的服务质量有影响。
In theory, a data center can be built anywhere with power and connectivity, but in reality, location has an impact on the quality of service that the facility is able to provide to its customers.
例如，网络是一个依赖于邻近度的重要考虑因素。理想的网络取决于连接到主要带宽提供商的多个冗余光纤，对于企业级数据中心而言，获得持续和可靠带宽的唯一方法是与许多不同的网络提供商建立大量连接。
Connectivity, for example, is a cooperative venture which relies on proximity. Ideal connectivity depends on multiple redundant fiber connections to major bandwidth providers, and the only way to provide consistent and reliable bandwidth at the volumes required by an enterprise-grade data center is to build lots of connections to lots of different network providers.
这些提供商的设施往往集中在主要对等连接点，当数据中心位于靠近互联网交换IX或对等连接点的地理位置时，使用这些网络的组织将受益于低延迟和多冗余带宽的优势。
The facilities of these providers tend to cluster together at major peering points, and when data centers are located in close geographic proximity to Internet Exchanges, or peering points, the organizations using them will benefit from low-latency and multiply-redundant bandwidth.
然而，无论数据中心能访问多少带宽，其客户都不可避免地受到互联网物理和基础设施的约束，即数据传输需要时间。往返距离通常是地理距离的两倍，因为请求和响应都必须穿过该距离。这对任何企业都很重要；调查始终表明，互联网用户会快速放弃页面加载时间较慢的网站-人们希望即时访问数据。
However, regardless of how much bandwidth a data center has access to, its customers are inescapably bound by the physics and the infrastructure of the internet i.e. data takes time to travel. Round-trip distances are usually double the geographic distance, because both the request and the response have to traverse that distance. This is important to any business; surveys consistently show that internet users are quick to drop sites with slow page load times - people want access to data instantaneously.
往返时间由网络状态复合而成。数据几乎从不在发送者和接收者之间直线传输。相反，它在网络、路由器和交换机中迂回前进，每一跳都会增加延迟——数据中心离客户越近，延迟就越低。
The round-trip time is compounded by the state of the network. Data almost never travels in a straight line between sender and recipient. Instead, it meanders through networks, routers, and switches, each of which can add latency - the closer the data center to its customers, the lower the latency.
还有许多其它因素需要考虑。其中包括当地数据保护法律、税收结构、公用设施的使用权、合适的网络解决方案的可用性、当地基础设施、是否可以方便招聘熟练劳动力、跟踪记录和现有客户或样板客户。
There are a number of additional factors to consider. These include local data protection laws, tax structures, access to utilities, availability of suitable networking solutions, local infrastructure, the accessibility of a skilled labor pool, track record and existing customers or reference clients.
所有这些因素的结合使得数据中心的物理位置非常重要。然而，人们普遍认为，至少在城市里，空间正在耗尽愈发紧张。为了应对日益增长的需求，“超大规模数据中心”已经蓬勃发展，全球数据中心空间在[2018]年达到19.4亿平方英尺。可用土地的缺乏和成本的增加使得数据中心向郊区转移。
All these things combined make it very clear that the physical location of the data center is important. However, it’s widely discussed that, in cities at least, space is running out. There has been a boom in “mega data center” to cope with increasing demand and worldwide data center space is now at a whopping 1.94 billion square feet in [2018]. This lack of land availability and increasing costs have seen data centers moving into the suburbs.
向郊区转移绝不仅是以最低的成本在大城市边缘建造最佳性能的数据中心这么简单。需要了解国家电力基础设施，以前瞻性低保护未来的任何投资；深入了解光纤运营商网络的位置，并能够为公有云平台提供“云专线”访问解决方案，对于当今的任何企业部署都至关重要。
It isn’t simply a matter of building on the edge of large cities to get best performance at the lowest cost. A knowledge of the national power infrastructure is needed to future proof any investment; an in-depth understanding of where the fiber operators’ networks exist and being able to provide an “on-ramp” access solution to public cloud platforms is critical to any enterprise deployment today.
企业应该寻找数据中心提供商，他们将低成本、充足空间和电力的可用性与高效数据中心的可用性以及数字企业需要的广泛而丰富的网络连接性（光纤）结合在一起。这些设施通常距离城市中心足够远，用于灾难恢复，避免昂贵的城市中心费用，但对本地和国际企业又非常方便接入。
Businesses should look for data center providers that have combined lower-cost availability of ample space and power for hyper efficient data centers with the availability of broad and rich connectivity - fiber that digital businesses need. These facilities are usually far enough from city centers for disaster recovery purposes and avoiding expensive city center premiums, but close enough to be easily accessible by local and international businesses.
当涉及到数据中心的布局时，位置真的就是一切吗？简言之，不是。选择托管数据中心提供商时，需要考虑很多因素，包括连接性、声誉口碑、服务、支持和成本。但是，最重要的因素之一当然是位置。位置是中心，不仅因为地理位置很重要，而且因为位置对数据中心成功至关重要的许多其他因素都有影响。
Is location really everything when it comes to data center placement? In short - no. When choosing a colocation data center provider, there are many factors to consider, including connectivity, reputation, services, support and cost. But, it’s certainly true that one of the most important factors is location. Location is central not just because the geographical location matters, but because location has an impact on many of the other factors which are crucial to data center success.
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翻译:Lisa 编辑：Amy
原文出处:DCK【How Important Is Location When Choosing a Data Center?】