英语中有一些本身自带否定意义的副词,如 hardly,barely,scarcely 或 no sooner 等,它们不应与 not 或其他否定词连用,而且在正式的书面中,尤其是文学体中,它们置于句首时,句子要倒装。 Hardly,barely,scarcely 和 no sooner 置于句首时,按照语法规则,句子要部分倒装,也即句子的主语和助词要倒装,意为“刚(一)…就…”,例如:Hardly had I arrived home when my phone rang.我一到家电话就响了。Scarcely had she finished reading when she fell asleep.她刚读完书就睡着了。Barely had they won the match when the coach had a heart attack.他们刚赢得比赛,教练就心脏病发作了。No sooner had the company launched its new product than it went bankrupt.公司刚推出新产品就破产了。但是英语中也存在一些常与 not 连用的副词,如 necessarily,它意为“必然地,不可避免地”,是 necessary 按形容词的一般变化规则变化而来的,相当于 inevitably 或 of necessity,例如:1. necessarilyThe audience was necessarily small.观众人数必然不多。This endeavor necessarily involves some risk.这一努力必然涉及一些风险。The conclusion necessarily follows from the premises.结论必然来自于前提。2. inevitably 或 of necessitySuch a large investment inevitably entails some risk.如此庞大的投资不可避免地会带来一些风险。This is, of necessity, a brief and incomplete account.这必然是一份简略的、不完全的描述。然而 necessarily 常用于否定句中,尤其是与 not 连用,用来表示某事可能是真的,但不一定是真的或总是真的,是很多认证考试的常考词汇,如 CET4、IELTS 或 TEM4 等,例如:The more expensive articles are not necessarily better.较贵的东西不见得就较好。Biggest doesn't necessarily mean best.最大的不一定是最好的。Just because I agreed last time, it doesn't necessarily follow that I will do so again.就因为我上次同意了,我不一定会再这样做。Wisdom and maturity don't necessarily go together.智慧和成熟不一定是同时存在的。Not necessarily 还常用作简短的回答,可以意为“未必,不一定”,用来表示不同意别人的看法或对别人的看法持怀疑的态度,例如:These cheap glasses will break easily.这些便宜的玻璃杯很容易打碎。Not necessarily.不一定。We're going to lose.我们会输的。Not necessarily.未必。有些单词看起来很复杂或长相不尽如人意,但是它们的用法往往很单纯,考试遇到它们基本上是送分题,就拿 necessarily 来说,只要记住它常与 not 连用以及意思就足够了。您的支持最重要!!!如果您觉得这篇文章对您有帮助,请不要吝啬在右下角点“在看”和点赞。为了防止迷路,请设置为”星标“,我们将一如既往地输出更多优质的此类文章。