（营养）护理结构性质量指标对养老院营养不良发生率的影响程度

Clin Nutr. 2015 Dec;34(6):1172-6.

To what extent do structural quality indicators of (nutritional) care influence malnutrition prevalence in nursing homes?

van Nie-Visser NC, Meijers JM, Schols JM, Lohrmann C, Spreeuwenberg M, Halfens RJ

Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Institute of Nursing Science, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Many residents in European healthcare institutions are malnourished, with reported malnutrition prevalence rates of up to 60%. Due to the negative effects of malnutrition it is important to optimize the quality of nutritional care. If structural quality indicators of nutritional care might improve resident care and outcome is not yet known. The aim of this study is to explore whether structural quality indicators for nutritional care influence malnutrition prevalence in Dutch, German and Austrian nursing homes.

METHODS: This study follows a cross-sectional, multi-center design. Data were collected by using a standardised questionnaire at resident, ward and institution level.

RESULTS: Data from 214 nursing homes (NL = 133, G = 61, A = 20) were analysed. The prevalence of malnutrition varied significantly between the three countries (NL = 18.2% G = 20.1% A = 22.5%). Two structural quality indicators at ward level namely (1) the policy that the care file should include the nutritional intake for each patient and (2) having a weight measurement policy at ward level are predictive for malnutrition prevalence. Furthermore also the variable country was of influence.

CONCLUSIONS: A policy of registering nutritional intake in the file of the patient and a policy to assess the patient's weight regularly have a positive influence on malnutrition prevalence.

KEYWORDS: Malnutrition; Nursing homes; Structural quality indicators

PMID: 25575641

DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.12.003