不同颜色品种茶树在代谢和基因表达上的异同
第一作者
Ming-zhi Zhu
第一单位
湖南农大
通讯作者
Kun-bo Wang, Jian-an Huang and Zhong-hua Liu
Abstract
背景+问题：Purple-leaf tea cultivars are known for their specific chemical composition that greatly influences tea bioactivity and plant resistance. Some studies have tried to reveal the purple-leaf formation mechanism of tea by comparing the purple new leaves and green older leaves in the same purple-leaf tea cultivar. It has been reported that almost all structural genes involved in anthocyanin/flavonoid biosynthesis were down-regulated in purple-leaf tea cultivars when the purple new leaves become green older leaves. However, anthocyanin/flavonoid biosynthesis is also affected by the growth period of tea leaves, gradually decreasing as new tea leaves become old tea leaves. This leads to uncertainty as to whether the purple-leaf formation is attributed to the high expression of structural genes in anthocyanin/flavonoid biosynthesis.
主要研究：To better understand the mechanisms underlying purple-leaf formation, we analyzed the biosynthesis of three pigments (chlorophylls, carotenoids, and anthocyanins/flavonoids) by integrated metabolic and gene expression analyses in four purple-leaf tea cultivars including Camellia sinensis var. sinensis and var. assamica. Green-leaf and yellow-leaf cultivars were employed for comparison.
结果1：The purple-leaf phenotype was mainly attributed to high anthocyanins and low chlorophylls. The purple-leaf phenotype led to other flavonoid changes including lowered monomeric catechin derivatives and elevated polymerized catechin derivatives.
结果2：Gene expression analysis revealed that 4-coumarate: CoA ligase (4CL), anthocyanidin synthase (ANS), and UDP-glucose: flavonoid 3-O-glucosyltransferase (UFGT) genes in the anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway and the uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (HEME) gene in the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway were responsible for high anthocyanin and low chlorophyll, respectively.
结论：These findings provide insights into the mechanism of purple-leaf formation in tea cultivars.
摘 要
紫叶茶树品种以其特定的化学成分而著称，这种化学成分极大地影响茶的生物活性和植物抗性。一些研究试图通过比较同一紫叶茶品种中的紫色新叶和绿色老叶来揭示茶的紫叶形成机理。据报道，当紫色的新叶变成绿色的老叶时，几乎所有参与花色苷/类黄酮生物合成的结构基因都被下调。然而，花青素/类黄酮的生物合成也受茶叶的生长期的影响，随着新的茶叶变成旧的茶叶而逐渐减少。这导致不确定紫叶的形成是否归因于花青素/类黄酮生物合成中结构基因的高表达。为了更好地了解紫叶形成的机理，我们通过整合代谢和基因表达分析，在四个紫叶茶品种中，分析了三种色素（叶绿素，类胡萝卜素和花青素/类黄酮）的生物合成。比较绿叶和黄叶品种。紫叶表型主要归因于高花青素和低叶绿素。紫叶表型导致其他类黄酮变化，包括单体儿茶素衍生物含量降低和聚合儿茶素衍生物含量升高。基因表达分析显示，花色苷生物合成途径中的4-香豆酸酯：CoA连接酶（4CL），花青素合酶（ANS）和UDP-葡萄糖：类黄酮3-O-葡萄糖基转移酶（UFGT）基因和尿卟啉原脱羧酶（HEME）基因叶绿素的生物合成途径分别负责高花青素和低叶绿素。这些发现为茶树种紫叶形成的机理提供了见识。
doi: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2021.606962
Journal: Frontiers in Plant Science
Impact Factor：4.402
Published date: 05 March 2021
END
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