Plant direct|GmDNJ1I型热休克蛋白40调控大豆的生长和耐热性

全球变暖对包括大豆在内的农业生产构成严重威胁。生物体对抗热应激的主要机制之一是通过热休克蛋白（HSPs）在高于最佳温度下稳定蛋白质结构，帮助新生、错误折叠或未折叠的蛋白质折叠。HSP40亚群或J结构域蛋白起着共伴侣的作用。它们捕获需要折叠或复性的蛋白质并将其传递给HSP70进行处理。

在本研究中，我们在大豆中发现了一个Ⅰ型HSP40基因GmDNJ1，该基因在正常生长条件下具有较高的基础表达，在非生物胁迫，特别是热胁迫下也具有较高的诱导能力。Gmdnj1基因敲除突变体在正常条件下生长减弱，在热胁迫下，表现出更严重的褐变，叶绿素含量降低，活性氧（ROS）含量升高，热应激反应转录因子和ROS清除酶编码基因的诱导率升高。在正常和热胁迫条件下，突变体在根和叶中积累了更多参与蛋白质分解代谢、糖代谢和膜运输的聚集蛋白。

综上所述，GmDNJ1在大豆植株的生长和耐热性中起着重要作用，可能是通过监测错误折叠蛋白的复性来维持细胞的全部功能。

Global warming poses severe threats to agricultural production, including soybean. One of the major mechanisms for organisms to combat heat stress is through heat shock proteins (HSPs) that stabilize protein structures at above‐optimum temperatures, by assisting in the folding of nascent, misfolded, or unfolded proteins. The HSP40 subgroups, or the J‐domain proteins, functions as co‐chaperones. They capture proteins that require folding or refolding and pass them on to HSP70 for processing. In this study, we have identified a type‐I HSP40 gene in soybean, GmDNJ1, with high basal expression under normal growth conditions and also highly inducible under abiotic stresses, especially heat. Gmdnj1‐knockout mutants had diminished growth in normal conditions, and when under heat stress, exhibited more severe browning, reduced chlorophyll contents, higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) contents, and higher induction of heat stress‐responsive transcription factors and ROS‐scavenging enzyme‐encoding genes. Under both normal and heat‐stress conditions, the mutant lines accumulated more aggregated proteins involved in protein catabolism, sugar metabolism, and membrane transportation, in both roots and leaves. In summary, GmDNJ1 plays crucial roles in the overall plant growth and heat tolerance in soybean, probably through the surveillance of misfolded proteins for refolding to maintain the full capacity of cellular functions.

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