模块化建筑《灵魂拷问》

ARCHITECTS' CHECK-LIST

建筑师的检查表

The following check-list defines the range of questions that the architect may raise in discussion with the modular supplier. The list is not definitive but covers the broad issues. The architect should also address issues related to design responsibility, relationship between the modular supplier and main contractor, and architectural opportunities within the overall manufacturing and constructional technology.

下面的清单列举了建筑师在与模块化供应商讨论时可能提出的问题范围。这份清单并不明确，但涵盖了广泛的问题。建筑师还应解决设计责任、模块供应商和主承包商之间的关系、以及整体制造和施工技术中的建筑机会等相关问题。

Detailed discussions should be held with the chosen modular supplier. Contractual relationships and duties of the architect may influence the timing and responsibilities for resolving these issues.

应与选定的模块供应商进行详细讨论。合同关系和架构师的职责可能会影响解决这些问题的时间和责任。

Feasibility

可行性

C Is the overall building shape appropriate to the economic use of modular construction or alternatively to mixed use of modular construction and panel systems?

整体建筑形状是否适合模块化建筑的经济使用，还是模块化建筑和面板系统的混合使用?

C How high can the modules be stacked, and at what point are other strengthening members or support frameworks required?

模块可以堆叠多高，在什么程度上需要其他加固成员或支持框架?

C When modules are used in combination with steel or concrete frameworks in new or existing construction, are any special measures required and what are the methods of installation?

在新的或现有的建筑中，当模块与钢或混凝土框架结合使用时，需要采取什么特殊措施?安装方法是什么?

C Can modular units be placed in a staggered arrangement with off-sets on the facade to create balconies and more interesting details?

模块化单元能否在立面上以交错的方式放置，以创造阳台和更有趣的细节?

C At what scale of repetition is the modular approach economical?

在什么样的重复规模上，模块化方法是经济的?

C Can the units be made with raked sides and non-rectangular on plan (e.g. curved facade)?

单元能否制作成倾斜的侧面和平面非矩形(如曲面立面)?

C How can modules be combined to create large open spaces or glazed facades?

模块如何组合来创造大型开放空间或玻璃立面?

C What are typical module sizes? Are there any transport or site restrictions on the size of modules for delivery?

典型的模块大小是什么?对于交付的模块的大小是否有运输或现场限制?

C Are typical interface details with cladding, roofing, foundations, balconies, lifts available?

包层、屋顶、地基、阳台、电梯的典型界面细节可用吗?

C Is the pre-manufacture of a prototype unit required in order to assess feasibility and ease of manufacture and transport before production begins.

在生产开始前，为了评估制造和运输的可行性和易用性，需要对样板进行预制造。

Procurement and costs

采购和成本

C What are the different procurement routes that may be employed? How is a competitive element between modular manufacturers maintained?

可以采用哪些不同的采购途径?如何保持模块化制造商之间的竞争要素?

C At what point does the final design become 'fixed' before committing to production?

在投入生产之前，在什么情况下最终设计会被“固定”?

C What are the performance requirements for modular construction?

模块化结构的性能要求是什么?

C Who takes responsibility for the adequacy and performance of the modular units and the final design?

谁对模块单元和最终设计的充分性和性能负责?

C What are typical module costs in £/m2, depending on the level of fit-out required?

根据需要的装修水平，典型的模块成本(每平方米£)是多少?

Can these costs be provided at the scheme design stage?

这些费用是否可以在方案设计阶段提供?

C Does the manufacturer tender at scheme design stage or at final design, and how is the manufacturer's design input recognised?

制造商是否在方案设计阶段或最终设计阶段投标，以及如何认可制造商的设计输入?

C What are potential time savings in the modular route, and other benefits in terms of theconstruction programme?

在模块化路线中有哪些潜在的时间节省，以及在建造计划方面的其他好处?

C What guarantees and independent approvals are available (e.g. Agrement or Lantac)? What is the design life of the modules?

有哪些担保和独立批准(如协议或Lantac)?模块的设计寿命是多少?

C What guidance on contractual responsibility is available? Does the architect /nominate, the module supplier?

有什么关于合同责任的指导?架构师提名模块供应商吗?

C What guarantees or warranties are available?

有什么保证或担保?

Detailed design

详图设计

C What factors will determine the size and repetition of the modules, e.g.

什么因素将决定模块的大小和重复，例如。

-local roads for transport

本地运输道路

- site constraints and cranage

场地和吊装设备限制

- room sizes to be created.

要创建的房间大小。

C Are the modules edge supported or corner supported and what are the implications for foundations, cladding, services etc? Are there special requirements for tall buildings?

模块是边缘支持还是角落支持?对基础、包层、服务等有什么含义?高层建筑有什么特殊要求吗?

C Is bracing required and, if so, where can bracing elements be located in open-sided modules? What is the length of the side of a module that can be left open?

是否需要支撑，如果需要，支撑元件应该放置在开口模块的什么位置?一个模组可以打开的边长是多少?

C What interface details for the chosen cladding systems are appropriate?

选择的包层系统的什么接口细节是合适的?

C How are balconies or other features attached to the modular units, or can they be manufactured as projections to the modules.

阳台或其他功能是如何附加到模块单元，或他们可以制造作为投影到模块。

C How can the building facade be modified to create the required architectural style?

如何修改建筑立面以创造所需的建筑风格?

C What are the typical wall, floor and ceiling thicknesses?

典型的墙、地板和天花板厚度是多少?

C What are the sensible acoustic insulation and thermal insulation characteristics that can be achieved?

可实现的感测隔音和保温特性是什么?

C Where are major service routes located both horizontally and vertically? Can rainwater pipes be incorporated internally?

主要的服务路线在横向和纵向都位于哪里?雨水管道是否可以安装在内部?

C How are service connections between units made, and how can they be accessed for maintenance?

单元之间的服务连接是如何建立的?如何访问它们以进行维护?

C How is the spread of fire prevented between modules, and what fire resistance period can be achieved for the modules?

模块之间如何防止火灾蔓延，模块可以达到什么样的防火周期?

C What information is required for building control, and who provides structural details of the module design and the supporting design calculations?

楼宇控制需要哪些资料?由谁提供模块设计的结构细节及辅助设计计算?

C Who takes responsibility for dimensional coordination?

谁负责空间协调?

C How and when are lifts and stairs installed?

如何及何时安装升降机及楼梯?

C What British Standards are appropriate to modular construction?

什么样的英国标准适用于模块化结构?

C What degree of differential foundation settlement can be resisted without distress. Are movement joints necessary? Is a separate foundation required for the masonry facade?

何种程度的差异地基沉降可以抵抗而不损坏。运动关节有必要吗?砌体立面是否需要单独的基础?

Working details

工作细节

C Can cladding and windows be attached in the factory, and what features may be used to conceal the joint between the modules? How is the cladding protected during transportation?

包层和窗户是否可以在工厂内安装，哪些特性可以用来隐藏模块之间的连接处?在运输过程中如何保护包层?

C How is insulation attached? In what circumstances can it be fitted between the wall studs, or must it be placed externally?

绝缘是如何附着的?在什么情况下可以安装在墙柱之间，或必须放在外部?

C What are the attachments between the modules and to the foundation?

模块和基础之间的附件是什么?

C Can brickwork coursing be arranged to suit window openings, taking account of module heights and construction tolerances?

砌砖的砌筑是否能适应窗户的开口，考虑到模块的高度和施工公差?

C What dimensional tolerances are appropriate for manufacture and for site installation?

制造和现场安装的尺寸公差是多少?

C What materials are appropriate to protect the modular units during transportation?

在运输过程中，什么样的材料适合保护模块化部件?

Can they be left in place after construction?

建筑完成后，它们能留在原处吗?

C What details are used for the floor-floor junctions, including floor coverings?

包括地板覆盖物在内的地板与地板连接处的细节是什么?

C At what stage are the working details of the modules and their attachments provided?

在什么阶段提供了模块及其附件的工作细节?

Construction

建造

C How does the designer deal with CDM issues (and safety plans)?

设计者如何处理清洁发展机制问题(和安全计划)?

C What notice is required for police escort, if necessary?

如有需要，警察护送需要什么通知?

C How can deliveries be timed to suit road restrictions?

如何安排送货时间以适应道路限制?

C Who provides the cranage - the main contractor or the modular supplier? Is special cranage required for tall buildings?

谁提供吊车——总承包商还是模块供应商?高层建筑是否需要专用吊篮?

C What is the typical weight of a module?

一个模块的典型重量是多少?

C What area is required for off-loading the units? Can the units be placed directly in their final location?

需要在什么区域卸货?单元可以直接放在最终位置吗?

C Who makes the service connections and ensures satisfactory installation?

谁进行服务连接并确保满意的安装?

C If cladding is installed in the factory, who co-ordinates the later site infills?

如果工厂安装了包层，谁来协调后期的现场填充?

C Can floors and tiles be bonded satisfactorily? What remedial work may be required on site?

地板和瓷砖的粘合效果能令人满意吗?现场可能需要什么补救工作?

C Can pre-compliance trials be done off site and who is responsible for them?

合规前试验是否可以在场外进行?谁负责?

C What maintenance schedule is given or is necessary?

提供或需要什么样的维护计划?

C How can any trapped water during construction or due to a burst pipe be dealt with?

在建造过程中或因水管爆裂而引致的积水如何处理?

C How can the modular units be adapted at a later date?

如何在以后调整模块化单元?