Mol.Plant|中国农科院揭示DHD4，类CONSTANS的家族转录因子，通过影响水稻中FAC复合物的形成而延迟抽穗

 

抽穗期（或开花时间）是水稻最重要的农艺性状之一，它影响区域适应性和作物产量。水稻抽穗期鉴定出许多主要影响基因，在很大程度上影响抽穗期，难以在水稻分子育种中利用。虽然抽穗期的微效基因更适合微调开花时间而没有明显的产量损失，但报道较少。本研究，我们确定了一个新的微效抽穗期抑制子，即延抽穗4（DHD4）。与自然长日（NLD）条件下的野生型植物相比，dhd4突变体显示出稍早的开花表型，而没有明显的产量损失。

DHD4编码位于核内的类CONSTANS转录因子。

分子，生化和遗传检测表明DHD4可以与14-3-3竞争与OsFD1相互作用，从而影响Hd3a-14-3-3-OsFD1三蛋白FAC复合物的形成，并导致OsMADS14和OsMADS15的表达降低，并最终延迟开花。这些结果为水稻开花时间的调控提供了新的思路，为提高水稻开花时间的区域适应性提供了有希望的目标。

Heading date (or flowering time) is one of the most important agronomic traits in rice, which influences the regional adaptability and crop yield. Many major-effect genes have been identified on rice heading date, which influence heading date to a large extent, and they are hard to utilize in rice molecular breeding. While minor-effect genes on heading date which are more desirable for fine-tuning flowering time without significant yield penalty were less reported. Here, we identified a new minor-effect heading date repressor, Delayed Heading Date 4 (DHD4). The dhd4 mutant shows a slightly earlier flowering phenotype without a notable yield penalty compared with wild type plants under natural long day (NLD) conditions. DHD4 encodes a CONSTANS-like transcription factor localized in the nucleus. Molecular, biochemical and genetic assays show that DHD4 can compete with 14-3-3 to interact with OsFD1, thus affecting formation of the Hd3a-14-3-3-OsFD1 tri-protein FAC complex and causing reduced expression of OsMADS14 and OsMADS15, and ultimately delayed flowering. These results shed new light on the regulation of flowering time in rice and provide a promising target for fine-tuning of flowering time to improve the regional adaptability of rice.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2020.11.013

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