杏林荟萃之医学英语9-心血管系统

一、Word ElementWord elementmeaningterminologiesAngio-血管，导管Angiotension血管紧张素Cardio心脏的Cardiovascular心血管的Brady-迟钝，缓慢Bradycardia心动过缓Tachy-快速，迅速Tachycardia心动过速Atrio-心房Atrioventricular房室的Ventriculo-心室，脑室Supraventricular室上的Ar-加强Arrhythmia 心律失常参考：《医学英语词汇学习手册》（第2版） 主编：郭莉萍 中国协和医科大学出版社二、ReadingCardiac arrhythmia, also known as cardiac dysrhythmia or irregular heartbeat, is a group of conditions in which the heartbeat is irregular, too fast, or too slow. A heart ratethat is too fast – above 100 beats per minute in adults – is called tachycardia and a heart rate that is too slow – below 60 beats per minute – is called bradycardia.Many types of arrhythmia have no symptoms. When symptoms are present these may include palpitations or feeling a pause between heartbeats. More seriously there may be lightheadedness, passing out,shortness of breath, or chest pain. While most types of arrhythmia are not serious, some predispose a person to complications such as stroke or heart failure. Others may result in cardiac arrest.There are four main types of arrhythmia: extra beats, supraventricular tachycardias,ventricular arrhythmias, and bradyarrhythmias. Extra beats include premature atrial contractions and premature ventricular contractions. Supraventricular tachycardias include atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. Ventricular arrhythmias include ventricular fibrillation and ventricular tachycardia. Arrhythmias are due to problems with the electrical conduction system of the heart. Arrhythmias may occur in children; however, the normal range for the heart rate is different and depends on age. A number of tests can help with diagnosis including an electrocardiogram (ECG) and Holter monitor.三、WordsHeart rate     心率Palpitation    心悸Lightheadness   脚步轻浮Passing out     晕厥shortness of breath     气短Chest pain    胸痛Cardiac arrest    心跳骤停premature atrial contractions   房性期前收缩Atrial fibrillation    房颤Atrial flutter    房扑