英语结果状语从句的用法大全
一、往期状语从句回顾
英语原因状语从句的用法大全
二、结果状语从句
结果状语从句的从句是用来补充说明主句中谓语动词发生的结果的,一般位于主句之后。
常用来连接结果状语从句的连接词有:so that、so...that...、such...that...等。
(一)so that
so that既可以引导目的状语从句(表示“为了,以便”), 也可以引导结果状语从句(表示“因此,以至于”)。
当连接目的状语从句时,一般that从句中会含有情态动词,而当引导结果状语从句时,大多不用情态动词。如:
目的状语从句:I always get up early so that I can catch the first bus. (我总是早起,以便能够赶上首班车。)
结果状语从句:I got up early, so that I caught the first bus. (我早早就起床了,结果赶上了首班车。)
(二)so...that...
so...that...表示“如此...,以至于...”,so后面接形容词或副词。
1、so+形容词+that
He was so ill that two nurses attended on him. (他病得那样重,有两个护士照顾他。 )
The room was so hot that she felt dizzy. (房间里如此之热,以至于她觉得头晕目眩。)
2、so+副词+that
He spoke so clearly that I could hear every word. (他讲得非常清楚,每个字我都听得见。)
They sat so close that their heads nearly touched. (他们坐得那么近,头都差不多碰到一起了。)
(三)such...that...
与so...that...不同的是,such...that...中的such后接的是名词。其常见的结构用法有:
1、such+不定冠词+形容词+单数可数名词+that
He's such a good swimmer that he makes me look sick. (他游得这么好,真叫我相形见绌。)
Her husband is such a bear that nobody likes him. (她丈夫很粗暴,没人喜欢他。)
此时,such...that...可以用so...that...来替换,其结构为:so+形容词+不定冠词+名词+that。如以上第一句话就可以改为:
He's so good a swimmer that he makes me look sick.
但是,如果该名词没有被形容词修饰,则不可以改为so...that...。如上面的第二句就不可以改。以下第2和第3种情况也不能改为so...that...的用法。
2、such+形容词+复数可数名词+that
He told us such funny stories that we all laughed. (他对我们讲了那么些有趣的故事,我们全都哈哈大笑。)
3、such+形容词+不可数名词+that
It is such terrible weather that it is absurd to go out. (在这么恶劣的天气里出去太荒唐。)
(四)so many/much/few/little...that....
so与表示数量的代词many、 few、much、little等连用是常见固定搭配, 不能换用such的对应结构。
1、so+many/few(+复数名词)+that
many/few有时作定语,后接复数名词,但有时直接用作表语,后面不再接其他成分。如:
They asked so many questions that they confused me. (他们问了许许多多问题,把我弄糊涂了。)
The butterflies are so many that they often cover entire trees . (蝴蝶数量多的时候,它们经常会遍布整片树林。)
He has so few friends that his life is lonely. (他的朋友很少,因此他的生活非常孤单。)
The members are so few that we can't start the project. (成员太少,因此我们无法启动该计划。)
2、so+much/little(+不可数名词)+that
与many/few一样,much/little有时作定语,后接不可数名词,但有时直接用作表语,后面不再接其他成分。如:
She wore so much jewellery that she seemed to be covered in gold. (她戴了那么多首饰,看上去象是包在金子里似的。)
He talk so much that no one else can get a word in edgeways. (他讲得滔滔不绝,别人都无法插嘴。)
There is so little time left that I don't think I can finish it as scheduled. (剩下这么少的时间,我想我不能按时完成。)
The box costs so little that I can afford it. (这个箱子很便宜,我买得起。)
(五)特殊情况
1、that
that也可以直接用来连接结果状语从句。如:
What have we done that you should be so angry with us? (我们做了什么使你这么生气?)
2、从句与不定式结构的转换
如果结果状语从句的主语与主句的主语相同, 可用“so+(形容词或副词)as to do”取代该结果状语从句。如:
The weather was so bad that it made it hard to take a good photo. (天气恶劣, 以致难以拍出来好照片。)
上面句子中的主句和从句的主语都是the weather,所以可以改为:
The weather was bad, so as to make it hard to take a good photo.
3、结果状语从句的倒装
为了强调形容词或副词,so/such···that···引导的结果状语从句,可把so/such部分置于句首,采用倒装结构。如:
So tired was I that I lost myself during marching. (我太累了,甚至在行进中睡着了。)
Such a good student is he that we all like him. (他是个这么好的学生,所以我们都喜欢他。)