“师说”之：高效老师的11个习惯你具备几个？
Carrie Lam在她的“11 Habits of an Effective Teacher”一文中，跟我们分享了高效老师的11个习惯，现选译如下。当然，以下观点仅为Carrie Lam的个人观点，仅供参考。其中，英文部分为原文，中文译文和小论部分是我增加的，包括相关主题的配图。
【注意】文章末尾有个有关高效老师习惯的小调研，大家可以参与进来，了解一下自己的现状是怎么样的。
1. Enjoys Teaching（热爱教育）
Teaching is meant to be a very enjoyable and rewarding career field (although demanding and exhausting at times!). You should only become a teacher if you love children and intend on caring for them with your heart. You cannot expect the kids to have fun if you are not having fun with them! If you only read the instructions out of a textbook, it's ineffective. Instead, make your lessons come alive by making it as interactive and engaging as possible. Let your passion for teaching shine through each and everyday. Enjoy every teaching moment to the fullest.
【译+论】要做老师，就得对孩子怀有爱心，要让自己的课堂充满生机和趣味。
2. Makes a Difference（因才施教）
There is a saying, "With great power, comes great responsibility". As a teacher, you need to be aware and remember the great responsibility that comes with your profession. One of your goals ought to be: Make a difference in their lives. How? Make them feel special, safe and secure when they are in your classroom. Be the positive influence in their lives. Why? You never know what your students went through before entering your classroom on a particular day or what conditions they are going home to after your class. So, just in case they are not getting enough support from home, at least you will make a difference and provide that to them.
【译+论】每个孩子都是独立的个体，老师要区别善待每个孩子，无论如何，都要让孩子觉得你这里永远是他们安全的港湾。
3. Spreads Positivity（正面管教）
Bring positive energy into the classroom every single day. You have a beautiful smile so don't forget to flash it as much as possible throughout the day. I know that you face battles of your own in your personal life but once you enter that classroom, you should leave all of it behind before you step foot in the door. Your students deserve more than for you to take your frustration out on them. No matter how you are feeling, how much sleep you've gotten or how frustrated you are, never let that show. Even if you are having a bad day, learn to put on a mask in front of the students and let them think of you as a superhero (it will make your day too)! Be someone who is always positive, happy and smiling. Always remember that positive energy is contagious and it is up to you to spread it. Don't let other people's negativity bring you down with them.
【译+论】老师对孩子而言，应该永远是照亮他们心灵的阳光，所以无论身处逆境还是顺境，进了教室，面对孩子，你身上永远要散发着积极向上的力量，并且把它传递给孩子们。
4. Gets Personal（亦师亦友）
This is the fun part and absolutely important for being an effective teacher! Get to know your students and their interests so that you can find ways to connect with them. Don't forget to also tell them about yours! Also, it is important to get to know their learning styles so that you can cater to each of them as an individual. In addition, make an effort to get to know their parents as well. Speaking to the parents should not be looked at as an obligation but rather, an honour. In the beginning of the school year, make it known that they can come to you about anything at anytime of the year. In addition, try to get to know your colleagues on a personal level as well. You will be much happier if you can find a strong support network in and outside of school.
【译+论】要学会成为学生的朋友，去了解他们，了解他们的喜好。甚至要去了解他们的父母，以及你身边的同事，这将很好地帮助到自己的教学。
5. Gives 100%（全力以赴）
Whether you are delivering a lesson, writing report cards or offering support to a colleague - give 100%. Do your job for the love of teaching and not because you feel obligated to do it. Do it for self-growth. Do it to inspire others. Do it so that your students will get the most out of what you are teaching them. Give 100% for yourself, students, parents, school and everyone who believes in you. Never give up and try your best - that's all that you can do. (That's what I tell the kids anyway!)
【译+论】要么不做，要做就全力以赴。毕竟：Whatever is worth doing is worth doing well.（任何值得做的事情，就值得把它做好了。）
6. Stays Organized（预而后立）
Never fall behind on the marking or filing of students' work. Try your best to be on top of it and not let the pile grow past your head! It will save you a lot of time in the long run. It is also important to keep an organized planner and plan ahead! The likelihood of last minute lesson plans being effective are slim. Lastly, keep a journal handy and jot down your ideas as soon as an inspired idea forms in your mind. Then, make a plan to put those ideas in action.
【译+论】凡事“预则立，不预则废”，所以在付诸行动前，一定要制定好相应的计划，而后再因势利导、随机应变。
7. Is Open-Minded（有容乃大）
As a teacher, there are going to be times where you will be observed formally or informally (that's also why you should give 100% at all times). You are constantly being evaluated and criticized by your boss, teachers, parents and even children. Instead of feeling bitter when somebody has something to say about your teaching, be open-minded when receiving constructive criticism and form a plan of action. Prove that you are the effective teacher that you want to be. Nobody is perfect and there is always room for improvement. Sometimes, others see what you fail to see.
【译+论】“虚心竹有低头叶，傲骨梅无仰面花”。面对质疑、批评甚至责难，老师要保持一颗包容的心，虚心接受，并且及时采取行动，予以改善。
8. Has Standards（严守规矩）
Create standards for your students and for yourself. From the beginning, make sure that they know what is acceptable versus what isn't. For example, remind the students how you would like work to be completed. Are you the teacher who wants your students to try their best and hand in their best and neatest work? Or are you the teacher who couldn't care less? Now remember, you can only expect a lot if you give a lot. As the saying goes, "Practice what you preach".
【译+论】“没有规矩，不成方圆”。老师从一开始，就要跟学生明确所有的规矩，并且从我做起，严格执行。
9. Finds Inspiration（博采众长）
An effective teacher is one who is creative but that doesn't mean that you have to create everything from scratch! Find inspiration from as many sources as you can. Whether it comes from books, education, Pinterest, YouTube, Facebook, blogs, TpT or what have you, keep finding it!
【译+论】每个人的能力都是有限的，所以老师要跳出自我的桎梏，博采众长、集思广益，从各种渠道里精选有用的信息和资源，为己所用。
10. Embraces Change（变通尽利）
In life, things don't always go according to plan. This is particularly true when it comes to teaching. Be flexible and go with the flow when change occurs. An effective teacher does not complain about changes when a new principal arrives. They do not feel the need to mention how good they had it at their last school or with their last group of students compared to their current circumstances. Instead of stressing about change, embrace it with both hands and show that you are capable of hitting every curve ball that comes your way!
【译+论】“变而通之以尽利，鼓之舞之以尽神”。老师在实际教学过程中，必然会面临来自各方面的变数或变化，此时就不能只是墨守成规、一成不变，而要能“变而通之”，才能“以尽其利”。
11. Creates Reflection（三省吾身）
An effective teacher reflects on their teaching to evolve as a teacher. Think about what went well and what you would do differently next time. You need to remember that we all have "failed" lessons from time to time. Instead of looking at it as a failure, think about it as a lesson and learn from it. As teachers, your education and learning is ongoing. There is always more to learn and know about in order to strengthen your teaching skills. Keep reflecting on your work and educating yourself on what you find are your "weaknesses" as we all have them! The most important part is recognizing them and being able to work on them to improve your teaching skills.
【译+论】“三省吾身，谓予无愆”。西汉杨雄的这句话用在如今老师的这个行业里，还是非常妥帖的。要想保持自己教学的效果，就得具备“三省吾身”的这种“自我否定、自我批判、自我完善”的品格与行动。