There be 句型是英语中常用句型, 意思是“有”,表示“人或事物的存在”或“某地有某物”,它通常用来在谈话中第一次谈论某事,其中的 there 没有什么意思。
一、肯定形式
1、一般情况下,there is 用于单数,there are 用于复数,例如:
There is one table in the classroom.
教室里有一张桌子。
There are three chairs in the classroom.
教室里有三把椅子。
There is a spider in the bath.
浴缸里有只蜘蛛。
There are many people at the bus stop.
公共汽车站有很多人。
There was a war on at the time.There were more than 50 people on stage in one scene.There is milk in the fridge.There is some sugar on the table.There is ice cream on your shirt.3、在口语或一些非正式的写作中,there is 也可以用于复数,不过这种用法在正式写作或是考试中被认为是错误的,例如:There’s three other people who are still to come.There’s lots of cars in the car park.
1、there is 的缩写形式是 there's,例如:
There's a good song on the radio.There's only one chocolate left in the box.2、通常查阅很多在线字典包括剑桥、牛津和柯林,你会发现找不到 there are 的缩写形式,所以 there are 通常不缩写,例如:There are nine cats on the roof.There are only five weeks until my birthday.there be 句型的否定形式是在 be 动词后面加 not,例如:There is not a horse in the field.There is not a tree in the garden.There are not eight children in the school.There are not two elephants in the zoo.there is not = there isn'tthere are not = there aren't1、当想指出某事物(可数名词)存在的数量为零,用 there aren't any,例如:There aren't any people at the party.There aren't any trees in my street.2、当用于不可数名词时,通常用 there isn't any,例如:
There isn't any water in the swimming pool.There isn't any sugar in my coffee.把 be 动词提到 there 之前就形成一般疑问句,回答时用简单答语,其中涉及到对复数名词或是不可数名词的一般疑问句用 any,例如:
Is there a dog in the supermarket?Are there any dogs in the park?Is there a security guard in the shop?Are there any polar bears in Antarctica?Is there any ice-cream in the freezer?1、对可数名词提问的格式:How many + 名词的复数形式 + are there + (补语),例如:There are twelve months in a year.提问:How many months are there in a year?There is only one book in my bag.提问:How many books are there in your bag?2、对不可数名词提问的格式:How much + 不可数名词 + are there + (补语),例如:There is some money in my purse.提问:How much money is there in your purse?1、当 there 作主语且 be 动词后面只有一个名词时,be 动词必须与其后面的名词保持主谓一致,例如:There is a book on the table.There are five books on the table.2、当 be 动词后面的名词不止一个时,be 动词与最近的名词保持主谓一致a. 第一个名词是单数可数或是不可数名词,谓语用单数,例如:
There is a cat and a dog on my bed.There is a fork, a knife, and a spoon in front of me.There is a pillow, sheets, and two blankets on my bed.There is cream and sugar on the table.There is juice, milk, and soft drinks in the fridge.There is a lot of dirt and pebbles on my son’s clothes.解析:在表示数量时,a lot of 既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词;dirt 是不可数名词,所以谓语用单数。There are flowers and herbs in my mom’s garden.There are cookies and a sandwich in my lunch bag.There are three pens, a pencil, and two erasers in that desk drawer.There are chips and popcorn at the party.There are many types of music and food at this event.There are a lot of pebbles and dirt on my son’s clothes.c、如果名词是复数名词,却表示一笔金额或一个总数或表达一个单个概念时,则仍用单数 be 形式,如:There is five hundred dollars to pay.There is still another 20 miles to drive.There is duck and green vegetables for supper.在指示单数可数名词的时候,经常在名词之前加不定冠词 a/an,而不用定冠词 the,却通常在补语(通常是介词短语)中用定冠词 the,例如:
There is a bird and a squirrel in the tree.There is a piano and two guitars on the stage.其实 there be 本来指出的就是某处有某物或某人,所以通常在介词短语中用定冠词 the.there be 句型可能存在两个 there,第一个 there 作主语,没有任何意思,而第二个 there 指的的位置,相比于 here,通常是比较远的,例如:
There is a gas station and a grocery store over there.You mean the parking lot behind the school? There is a car and three trucks there.你是说学校后面的停车场?那里有一辆小汽车和三辆卡车。There must be a pen in the box.There was a business conference and a wedding going on at our hotel last night.There were two canoes and a kayak out on the lake last weekend.There will be a luncheon and an awards ceremony next Friday.There has been a big tree on the top of the hill.